tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15355254937756230422024-03-15T18:09:39.162-07:00Departing the TextIt's all about parenting, literacy, creativity, and having fun with your kids while making life and learning more meaningful.MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.comBlogger258125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-75695205113703848942015-11-17T07:41:00.002-08:002015-11-17T07:41:29.122-08:00How Sweet is Sweet? How super is sugar?For <a href="http://abcwednesday-mrsnesbitt.blogspot.com/">ABCWednesday</a> "S Week" and for all you soda loves and haters... here's to re-thinking choices!<br />
<br />
Have a happy, healthy week!<br />
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<a href="http://media.creativebloq.futurecdn.net/sites/creativebloq.com/files/images/2015/07/cokelarge.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://media.creativebloq.futurecdn.net/sites/creativebloq.com/files/images/2015/07/cokelarge.jpg" height="640" width="640" /></a></div>
This was taken from: <a href="http://media.creativebloq.futurecdn.net/sites/creativebloq.com/files/images/2015/07/cokelarge.jpg">http://therenegadepharmacist.com/what-happens-one-hour-after-drinking-a-can-of-coke/</a><br />
<br />
Here's an excerpt of the post with helpful advice:<br />
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<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px rgb(230, 230, 230); color: #505050; font-family: HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 27.9px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: auto; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">
Those who loved to drink tea and coffee sweetened with lots of sugar, I advised to swap with natural sweeteners like stevia instead. This alone had some remarkable results.</div>
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There are 1.6 billion servings of Coke sold each day worldwide!! </div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.coca-cola.co.uk/about-us/coca-cola-by-numbers.html" style="border: 0px none rgb(230, 230, 230); color: #2e31ff; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: color 300ms ease 0s, background-color 300ms ease 0s, opacity 300ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.coca-cola.co.uk/about-us/coca-cola-by-numbers.html</a></span></li>
</ul>
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<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.blisstree.com/2010/06/23/mental-health-well-being/what-happens-to-your-body-if-you-drink-a-coke-right-now/" style="background-color: white; border: 0px none rgb(230, 230, 230); color: #2e31ff; font-family: HelveticaNeue,"Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 27.9px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; transition: color 300ms ease 0s, background-color 300ms ease 0s, opacity 300ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">http://www.blisstree.com/2010/06/23/mental-health-well-being/what-happens-to-your-body-if-you-drink-a-coke-right-now/</a></span></li>
</ul>
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<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/17/magazine/mag-17Sugar-t.html?_r=1"> http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/17/magazine/mag-17Sugar-t.html?_r=1</a></li>
</ul>
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<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25573353" style="border: 0px rgb(230, 230, 230); color: #2e31ff; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: color 300ms, background-color 300ms, opacity 300ms; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/teaching-packets/neurobiology-drug-addiction/section-iii-action-heroin-morphine/4-opiates-binding-to-opiate-rece</a> </li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
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<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25573353" style="border: 0px rgb(230, 230, 230); color: #2e31ff; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: color 300ms, background-color 300ms, opacity 300ms; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25573353</a><span id="goog_626438448"></span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/"></a><span id="goog_626438449"></span> </li>
</ul>
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<ul>
<li> <a href="http://www.eatingwell.com/nutrition_health/bone_health/can_drinking_seltzers_sodas_or_other_carbonated_drinks_harm_bones" style="border: 0px rgb(230, 230, 230); color: #2e31ff; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: color 300ms, background-color 300ms, opacity 300ms; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.eatingwell.com/nutrition_health/bone_health/can_drinking_seltzers_sodas_or_other_carbonated_drinks_harm_bones</a> </li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
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<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.eatingwell.com/nutrition_health/bone_health/can_drinking_seltzers_sodas_or_other_carbonated_drinks_harm_bones" style="border: 0px rgb(230, 230, 230); color: #2e31ff; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: color 300ms, background-color 300ms, opacity 300ms; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17023723</a></li>
</ul>
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MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com143tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-38282244350023924922015-10-20T08:28:00.002-07:002015-10-20T08:28:55.525-07:00One Outstanding Tween Read: This One Summer <a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCLrbpaOu0cgCFQIJPgodymAMsQ" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCLrbpaOu0cgCFQIJPgodymAMsQ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.publishersweekly.com%2Fpw%2Fby-topic%2Findustry-news%2Fcomics%2Farticle%2F65081-this-one-summer-tops-pw-comics-world-s-2014-critics-poll.html&psig=AFQjCNHCuIyHhz-G_N6JcU_ZTL5f0UURVw&ust=1445441201971504" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img class="irc_mi" height="200" src="http://www.publishersweekly.com/images/data/ARTICLE_PHOTO/photo/000/029/29499-1.JPG" style="margin-top: 24px;" width="141" /></a><a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCLrbpaOu0cgCFQIJPgodymAMsQ" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCLrbpaOu0cgCFQIJPgodymAMsQ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.publishersweekly.com%2Fpw%2Fby-topic%2Findustry-news%2Fcomics%2Farticle%2F65081-this-one-summer-tops-pw-comics-world-s-2014-critics-poll.html&psig=AFQjCNHCuIyHhz-G_N6JcU_ZTL5f0UURVw&ust=1445441201971504" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><em>This One Summer </em>(First Second, 2014) by <a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/exclusive-cbldf-talks-to-caldecott-and-printz-honor-winners-jillian-tamaki-and-mariko-tamaki/">Jillian Tamaki and Mariko Tamaki</a> <a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/graphic-novels-recognized-at-ala-youth-media-awards/">rocked the publishing, library, and literary world</a> being the first graphic novel to receive the Caldecott Honor for “Most Distinguished American Picture Book for Children” <strong>and</strong>
the Printz Honor for “Excellence in Literature for Young Adults.”<br />
<div class="_fUc irc_mimg">
</div>
<br />
Unfortunately, it
has also been the subject of book challenges since receiving these
honors. Below, examine <em>This One Summer</em>’s merits,
issues of concern, and teaching elements to empower educators, parents,
and librarians to make their own decisions (for ages 12+). For an even more detailed review with suggestions and Common Core lessons suggestions, please visit: <a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-this-one-summer/">Using Graphic Novels in Education: This One Summer </a>at <a href="http://cbldf.org/">cbldf.org.</a><br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>OVERVIEW</strong><br />
<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page15.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page1" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-21039" height="212" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page15-300x212.jpg" width="300" /></a>Told in warm prose and exquisite monochromatic blue images, <em>This One Summer</em>
delicately balances the nostalgic power of summer traditions with the
often harsh and intruding lessons of life.<br />
<br />
It embraces readers of all
ages as two tween girls, local townie teens, and one set of parents all
tangle in the delicate balances of friendships and relationships,
grapple with the pains of growing up, deal with the torments of
depression and of wanted and unwanted pregnancies, and cope with the
heartbreaks and hopes of life. <em></em>The breathtaking and powerful art work with the prose delicately weaving the troubles and traumas of Rose’s summer at Awago
Beach.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page2.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page2" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21035" height="300" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page2-211x300.jpg" width="211" /></a>Themes embraced and delicately tackled in <em>This One Summer</em> include:<br />
<ul>
<li>The tugs of friendship as Rose and Windy (a year and a half younger than Rose), face adolescence at different paces and stages;</li>
<li>The pains and torments of depression felt by individuals and their families;</li>
<li>The importance and frailties of communication;</li>
<li>The challenges of dealing with unwanted pregnancies and failing at wanted ones;</li>
<li>The stresses and responsibilities of teen sexuality and group pressure.</li>
</ul>
<br />
In <em>This One Summer,</em> we meet tweens fantasizing about what
their developing breasts will look like. We learn how one family deals
with the mother’s growing depression. We watch along with Rose and Windy
as we observe, overhear, and deal with older teens. We see how a long,
comfortable summer friendship is stressed and strained by a
one-and-a-half-year age gap between the girls as they enter adolescence.
And finally, we observe (along with Rose and Windy) how older teens and
adults deal with their own relationships and sexuality.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page31.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page3" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21037" height="205" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page31-300x205.jpg" width="300" /></a><br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>Elements of Concern</strong><br />
<em>This One Summer</em> earned a Caldecott Honor, which covers
children’s book for readers up to age 14, putting the book at the high
end of the age spectrum for the honor. First Second recommends this book
for ages 12 and up because it contains mature content. Despite having
rightfully received this honor, there may be some confusion by consumers
unfamiliar with this book and who believe the Caldecott honor is given
exclusively to books for younger readers. To clarify, please note that
there is some profanity, especially dealing with the older teen
characters (the girls are labeled “sluts”). There is also a teen
pregnancy and the burgeoning questions of sex and sexuality that the
tweens experience in parallel subplots.<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page71.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page7" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21032" height="213" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page71-300x213.jpg" width="300" /></a>That
said, these issues are sensitively and realistically developed through a
warmly complex and penetrating story that delicately deals with
questions young teens have. Furthermore, the characters are true to
life, flaws and all. While mature content may cause some concern, this
book is wonderfully appropriate for mature tweens and young teens as
they explore adolescence, sexuality, and the increasingly complex
relationships they find themselves facing.<br />
<br /><br />
<strong>DISCUSSION SUGGESTIONS</strong><br />
<strong>Plot, Theme, and Character Development</strong><br />
<ul><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page81.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page8" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21028" height="135" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page81-300x135.jpg" width="300" /></a>
<li>Plot and or discuss how Windy and Rose are both growing together and
growing apart. Have students compare how they react to the horror
movies, to the teens outside of Brewster’s, and even to what they want
to do each day and how they play.</li>
<li>Create a Venn diagram representing how Windy and Rose’s
personalities, likes, and dislikes overlap. Discuss the similarities and
differences between the two while discussing what makes theirs such a
solid friendship.</li>
<li>Plot and chart each of the subplot stories. Evaluate what is told
through prose and what is revealed through images in each of the
subplots.</li>
<li>Analyze how Alice depression is depicted in the novel. Have students brainstorm how Rose might deal with it.</li>
<li>Compare and contrast how Rose, Windy, Jenny, and Dunc each deal with
issues of teen pregnancy. Discuss real-life options kids have under
these circumstances.</li>
</ul>
<strong>Critical Reading and Making Inferences</strong><br />
<ul><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page91.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page9" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21031" height="300" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page91-211x300.jpg" width="211" /></a>
<li>Discuss the Tamakis’ use of nature as metaphor.</li>
<li>Discuss the parents’ roles in this story. Would you consider them
good parents? Loving parents? Why or why not? Have students cite
evidence from the story for their conclusions.</li>
<li>Discuss the role Brewster’s convenience story plays in this story. Discuss the role the lake plays in this story.</li>
<li>At the end of the book, Alice discusses her pregnancy and
miscarriage with Windy’s mom, not realizing Rose is still awake (and
listening) in the other room. Windy’s mom responds, “But Alice. You
should tell her. Kids are… they get it.” Alice responds, “I know.”
Discuss why Alice hasn’t yet told Rose, and debate whether she will in
the near future or not.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<strong>Language, Literature and Language Usage</strong><br />
<ul>
<li>Search, find, and discuss the Tamakis’ use of metaphor throughout the book.</li>
<li>Discuss and explain Mariko Tamaki’s use of idiom, imagery, and humor. For example:
<ul><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page101.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a>
<li>On page 9: While driving towards Awago Beach they pass Estelles’
Turkey hatchery and dad says. “Hyuk hyuk! Lookiee here. I say, it’s tha
Turkey Hatchery! Official birthplace of one Rose Abigail Wallace! Brings
a tear to my eye.”</li>
<li>On page 12: Evan, Rose’s dad says, “Awago is a place where beer grows on trees and everyone can sleep until eleven.”</li>
<li>On pages 94-96: Evan holds up an eaten cob of corn and asks “Do you
know that they call this here… Awago toilet paper.” Discuss they imagery
and why Evan may have said this.</li>
<li>On page 169: “When my mom is mad at my dad, because my dad won’t do
something, or forgets to do something, she says, ‘You can say what you
want, Evan, but I’m not holding my breath.’”</li>
<li>On page 300: “Yes. Well. Mother Nature isn’t always the nicest person in the world…”</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page101.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page10" class="aligncenter wp-image-21030 size-medium" height="91" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page101-300x91.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="300" /></a>
<strong></strong><br />
<strong>Cultural Diversity, Civic Responsibilities, and Social Issues</strong><br />
<ul>
<li>This story takes place at Awago Beach, somewhere in Canada that has a
Huron Village. Research and discuss the Hurons and their culture. Look
at maps and posit what small beach villages were once located in Huron
territory.</li>
<li>Discuss options and responsibilities associated with teen pregnancies.</li>
</ul>
<strong>Modes of Storytelling and Visual Literacy</strong><br />
<ul>
<li>Compare and contrast the Tamakis’ use of visual and verbal metaphor and foreshadowing.</li>
<li>Chart, evaluate, and discuss the use of visual symbolism. For example:
<ul>
<li>the spread with the milkweed pods;</li>
<li>repeated images of Rose and her family walking, showing only their feet;</li>
<li>repeated images of Rose and Windy in the lake.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>While the art in this series is in blue monochrome, it has a rich,
engaging feel to it. Discuss Jillian Tamaki’s use of texture and detail.</li>
<li>Chart and compare the textured images versus the simpler ones. Is
there a pattern to their use? Discuss how he changes the textures and
details not only to emphasize particular points, but also keep the
reader engaged.</li>
<li>Throughout the book, there are two-page wordless spreads (for
example pages 20-21, 44-45, 46-47, 47-48, 70-71, 82-83,106-107,
138-139,160-161,182-183,198-199, 222-223, 226-230, 244-245, and
292-293). Discuss their purpose. Discuss the meaning and the emotions
they convey. Discuss the Tamakis’ choice to use these spreads when and
where they do.</li>
<li>On page 27, Windy plays with her gummy feet (over six panels). What can you tell about her from these panels?</li>
<li>On page 97, Evan comes over to Alice and kisses the side of her
cheek as she’s just washing a bowl. The bowl slips from her hand and
shatters. What does this sequence of panels convey?</li>
</ul>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page11.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page11" class="alignright size-full wp-image-21029" height="216" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page11.png" width="237" /></a></div>
<strong>Paired Reading Suggestions</strong><br />
<ul>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/10/using-graphic-novels-in-education-i-kill-giants/"><em>I Kill Giants</em></a>
by Joe Kelly and JM Ken Niimura: About an 11-year-old girl who
struggles to face and understand an untimely loss, first through
escapism and then gradually through acceptance.</li>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/07/using-graphic-novels-in-education-chiggers/"><em>Chiggers</em></a> by Hope Larson: About growing up, friendships, funs and foils of summer camp.</li>
<li><em>Are You There God? It’s Me, Margaret</em> by Judy Blume: About the trials and tribulations of growing up, particularly for adolescent girls.</li>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2013/07/using-graphic-novels-in-education-american-born-chinese/"><em>Chinese Born American</em></a> by Gene Luen Yang: Another Caldecott Honor winner about a teenager’s need to fit in.</li>
<li><em>Before You Go</em> by James Preller: About Jude, who takes a
summer job flipping burgers at Jones Beach while dealing with his mother
who is kept in a darkened room ever since his little sister drowned
several years before.</li>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/05/using-graphic-novels-in-education-the-color-of-earth-trilogy/"><em>The Color of Earth Trilogy</em></a> by Kim Dong Hwa: Like <em>This One Summer, </em>the <em>Color of Earth Trilogy</em>
is a beautifully balanced blend of prose, poetry, and art that
tactfully and sensitively deals with a girl’s growth from adolescence to
adulthood.</li>
</ul>
<strong><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page121.jpg"><br /></a></strong>
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page131.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page13" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21026" height="289" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page131-300x289.jpg" width="300" /></a><br />
<strong>Links and Resources:</strong><br />
<ul>
<li>Preview <em>This One Summer</em> here: <a href="http://us.macmillan.com/thisonesummer/jilliantamaki">http://us.macmillan.com/thisonesummer/jilliantamaki</a></li>
<li>stayteen.org: Information for teens on <a href="http://stayteen.org/teen-pregnancy">teen pregnancy</a>, <a href="http://stayteen.org/birth-control-101">birth control</a>, b<a href="http://stayteen.org/relationships">uilding relationships</a>, the low down on <a href="http://stayteen.org/stis">sexually transmitted infections</a>, myths and more.</li>
<li>Teen pregnancy prevention tips and resources: <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/">http://www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/</a></li>
<li>For information about teen depression:
<ul>
<li>A site meant and written for teens on depression, discussing why
people get depressed, how to cope with and fight depression and more: <a href="http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/depression.html">http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/depression.html</a></li>
<li>On what teen depression feels like, how to talk to friends and parents, and more: <a href="http://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/teenagers-guide-to-depression.htm">http://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/teenagers-guide-to-depression.htm</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>For information about parental depression, please visit
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.childtrends.org/?indicators=parental-depression">http://www.childtrends.org/?indicators=parental-depression</a></li>
<li>From the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada, a site that
discusses “When a parent is depressed…. What kids want to know”: <a href="http://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/health_information/for_children_youth/Pages/when_parent_depressed.aspx">http://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/health_information/for_children_youth/Pages/when_parent_depressed.aspx</a></li>
<li>Six Things Every Kid should Know About a Parent’s Depression from PBS: <a href="http://www.pbs.org/thisemotionallife/blogs/6-things-every-kid-should-know-about-parents-depression">http://www.pbs.org/thisemotionallife/blogs/6-things-every-kid-should-know-about-parents-depression</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<em><br /></em>MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com23tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-65289316753901290682015-10-06T06:59:00.003-07:002015-10-06T06:59:58.397-07:00Meeting Ms. Marvel <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/51LGrM5dxoL._SY344_BO1204203200_.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="51LGrM5dxoL._SY344_BO1,204,203,200_" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21699" height="200" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/51LGrM5dxoL._SY344_BO1204203200_-194x300.jpg" width="129" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><em>Images (c) Marvel Entertainment.</em></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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</style>
<br />
Wilson, Alphona, and the Marvel team have created a <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>modern twist to <i>Ms. Marvel </i>offering fun and diversity for
tween readers and beyond. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ms. Marvel</i>
is a finalist for the first Dwayne McDuffie Award for Diversity (nominees range
from independent to mainstream comic books), and one of YALSA’s Top Ten 2015
Great Graphic Novels for Teens. It is also one of YALSA’s 2015 Quick Picks for
Reluctant Young Adult Readers.
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: blue; font-family: Times; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; padding: 0in; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Times; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">OVERVIEW</b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ms. Mavels: No Normal</i>
encompasses the first five issues of Marvel’s new reboot. It features a Muslim Pakistani
American (polymorph) super heroine who struggles with identity issues whether
she’s in or out of her costume.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Kamala’s
polymorph superpowers are a wonderful metaphor reflecting her inner struggles
as she stretches, bends, and recoils from the pressures all around her.
Throughout this volume, Kamala Khan not only struggles with her identity, but with
the different-ways and expectations of her religion, with the pressures and
expectations from her strict (but nurturing) parents, and with her power as
well. Throughout all these conflicts, Kamala must also be careful as a
polymorph to <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">not</b> be all things to
all people, which in the long run, might be very dangerous.</div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: blue; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; padding: 0in; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page2.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page2" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21692" height="200" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page2-300x200.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><em>Images (c) Marvel Entertainment.</em></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The readers, while passive observers, can’t help but be
drawn into this story.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Despite Kamala’s
diverse cultural background, or maybe because of it, she’s in many ways, also a
wonderfully typical teenager, wrestling with being a Jersey City girl who
happens to come from a modern religious family. Like most teens she’s just
trying to figure out how to fit in. Throughout this book, the text provides
wonderful insights into Kamala’s thoughts and character, while moving quickly
along.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The art is equally engaging and
inviting. Alphona’s somewhat comic figures balance Kamala’s real-life conflicts
with Wilson’s wit, drawing us deeper and deeper into the story.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Note that while this is a reboot, readers do not necessarily
need to know the original story.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It may
help, though, as there are some gaps in the beginning of the story. That said, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ms. Marvel</i> is engaging for all readers
(tweens and up) and is full of wonderful witticisms and humor while subtly
introducing diversity in a previously told but equally engaging story.</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page3.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page3" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21693" height="184" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page3-300x184.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><em>Images (c) Marvel Entertainment.</em></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ms. Marvel </i>is
about:</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The typical American girl teenage experience;</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The struggles and pressures of assimilation and fitting
in while retaining family background, family history, and family religion;</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The stresses of being an individual trying to
fit into various cultural “boxes” or communities, which may or may not conflict
with each other;</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The ability to balance gifts and pressures in
the world around her;</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The fact that while a Muslim and a polymorph,
what shapes and drives Kamala are her personality, her parents’ teachings, her
inner strengths and her values – not her labels.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="color: windowtext; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">SUMMARY/REVIEW</b></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page7.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page7" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21688" height="150" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page7-300x150.png" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><em>Images (c) Marvel Entertainment.</em></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ms. Marvel: No Normal</i>, Kamala, a sixteen
year old Muslim Pakistani-American, has a “sad nerd obsession with the
Avengers” and tries to bridge her Muslim world and friends with the Jersey City
kids she goes to school with. The book opens with Kamala and her friend Nakia
in the Circle Q convenience store talking with Bruno (Kamala’s “second best
friend”). Zoe and her boyfriend, Josh walk in and Zoe, all peaches and cream,
condescendingly patronizes Kamala and her friends while inviting them to a
waterfront party.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While Nakia has no interest
in attending (because they’ll be drinking alcohol which is against her
religion), Kamala wants to go.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Despite
the fact that Kamala’s parents refuse to let her go, she sneaks out and goes
anyway.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While she sees and approaches
Bruno, Zoe comes over to her, openly insults her, and Kamala runs away after
they trick her into drinking alcohol.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As
she runs away, a mist envelops Jersey City, and Kamala meets the Avengers. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: blue; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; padding: 0in; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Not
understanding where she is or what she’s seeing, Captain America tells her, "You are seeing </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">what you need to see. You stand at a crossroads. You thought that if
you disobeyed your parents – your culture, your religion – your classmates
would accept you. What happened instead?” Kamala explains that they laughed at
her and mocked her family and “brown people” but that she was there because she
grew up American, from Jersey City and “I don’t know what I’m supposed to do. I
don’t know who I’m supposed to be.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When
Captain Marvel - Carol Danvers asks her who she wants to be, Kamala answers, “I
want to be you.” And just like that, she becomes a polymorph, although Captain
Marvel warns her, “It is not going to turn out the way you think.”</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page10.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page10" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21685" height="293" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page10-300x293.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><em>Images (c) Marvel Entertainment.</em></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">In <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ms. Marvel: No Normal</i>, Kamala learns
that becoming blonde and Caucasian doesn't make her happy or glamorous or even
popular. She eventually realizes however, that changing shape doesn't mean she
can erase who she is. It doesn’t protect her from others insulting her values,
her family’s values or her religion. It also doesn’t protect her from the wrath
of her parents or from Sheikh Abdullah who runs their mosque and its youth lectures
she has to attend. Kamala even admits that, </span><br />
<br />
<div style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“</span><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Being
someone else isn't liberating. It's exhausting. I always thought that if I had
amazing hair, if I could pull off great boots, if I could fly—that would make
me happy. But the hair gets in my face, the boots pinch … and the leotard
is giving me an epic wedgie.</span><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">”</span></div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Kamala
also finds that her father’s teachings of the Quran give her the vision and
strength to use her powers. Just before deciding to rescue Zoe, she remembers a
passage from the Quran: "Whoever saves one person, it is as if he has
saved all of mankind." She soon learns that while she may look like Captain
Marvel on the outside, that's just a costume. What's inside is Kamala, and part
of who Kamala is - her family, her religion, her friends, and her ethnicity-
are what ultimately guide her and help her realize who she is and how she fits
in.</span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">While
Wilson and Alphona</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
have created a superhero comic in the classic Marvel mode, they offer a more
progressive perspective in the characters, text and artwork. Alphona provides a
wonderful balance of gravitas and whimsy in his art, keeping the tone light and
fun with his cartoonish-y exaggerated character expressions and flourishes.
Balancing this quirkiness is Wilson’s insightful text filled with imagery of
its own. Alphona’s cartoonish characters, fashion details, and use of color are
engaging and add a delightful depth complementing Wilson’s highly expressive,
real-life text. All this enables readers to embrace the diversity of their
characters while adding a breath of fresh air to this rebooted story. </span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page5.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page5.png" border="0" class="shrinkToFit" height="243" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page5.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><em>Images (c) Marvel Entertainment.</em></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Whether
used in classrooms or just read for fun, there is great depth of character and
this book provides a wonderful look at the balancing of family, religion, and
pop culture that all tweens and teens deal with.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes;"></span><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
<br /><div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Suggested Prose,
Graphic Novel and Poetry Pairings</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">D’Aulaires
Book of Greek Myths</i> by Ingri and Edgar D’Aulaire: an introduction to the
gods and goddesses of ancient Greece. Note that George O’Connor (First Second
Books) is also putting out an exceptional collection of graphic novels
accurately and creatively accounting the stories of the Greek gods. When
reading these Greek Myths, discuss how Kamala’s story does and does not
parallel these myths.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Absolutely True Story of a Part Time Indian </i>by Sherman Alexie: About a bright
motivated young Native American who must decide about commuting to a better
all-white school off the reservation and face ridicule (by white kids he must
befriend and from his local friends he leaves behind), or remain with his
friends who are heading know where fast. Compare and contrast how the
characters from different cultures strive to fit in.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><strong></strong><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">American
Born Chinese</i> by Gene Luen Yang: about a Chinese boy who struggles to fit in
with his American classmates.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Compare
and contrast how Jin Wang and Kamala are similar/different and how they
struggle to be American.</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page12.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page12" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21683" height="300" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page12-197x300.jpg" width="197" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><em>Images (c) Marvel Entertainment.</em></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Captain
Marvel; Young Avengers;</i> and <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Captain
Marvel: Earth’s Mig</i><strong></strong><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">htiest Hero</i> – Marvel comic series.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Compare and contrast these Avenger/Captain
Marvel series.</div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://theamazingbookshelf.blogspot.com/2015/01/review-ms-marvel-vol-1-by-g-willow.html&ei=wOgjVcjWMMbAggTvlYGYDA&bvm=bv.89947451,d.b2w&psig=AFQjCNEAgfvLO8YKHyghXU-prIoQPKYvlQ&ust=1428503024875193"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: blue; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; padding: 0in; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"></span></a><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">ADDITIONAL RESOURCES:</b></div>
<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"></span><ul>
<li><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/04/using-graphic-novels-in-education-ms-marvel/">http://cbldf.org/2015/04/using-graphic-novels-in-education-ms-marvel/</a></i> <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">for classroom and discussion suggestions (along with common core standards)</span> </span></li>
<li><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </span><a href="http://www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2013/11/11/244529591/what-the-new-ms-marvel-means-for-muslims-in-comics"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">http://www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2013/11/11/244529591/what-the-new-ms-marvel-means-for-muslims-in-comics</i></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“What the New Ms. Marvel Means for Muslims in
Comic.”<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><a href="http://marvel.wikia.com/Carol_Danvers_%28Earth-616%29">http://marvel.wikia.com/Carol_Danvers_%28Earth-616%29</a>
Marvel’s Database page for Carol Danvers</li>
<li><a href="http://marvel.com/videos/watch/4590">http://marvel.com/videos/watch/4590</a>
Listen to G. Willow Wilson talk about Ms. Marvel as Alphona’s glorious images
and thumbnails flash on the screen. You may want to use this as a jumping point
to have students discuss how they might promote a creative piece they’ve
written/drawn/created. </li>
<li><a href="http://www.tolerance.org/magazine/number-10-fall-1996/feature/our-own-words-">http://www.tolerance.org/magazine/number-10-fall-1996/feature/our-own-words-</a>
teaching tolerance.</li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><a href="http://www.thewritersjourney.com/hero%27s_journey.htm-">http://www.thewritersjourney.com/hero%27s_journey.htm-</a>
the “Hero’s Journey” – outline, archetypes, notes </li>
<li><a href="http://www.moongadget.com/origins/myth.html-">http://www.moongadget.com/origins/myth.html-</a>
fascinating chart and article comparing characters from <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Star Wars</i> and <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Matrix</i>
with Campbell’s Hero’s Journey found in his <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Hero With a Thousand Faces</i>
</li>
</ul>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page16.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page16" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21679" height="163" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page16-300x163.png" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><em>Images (c) Marvel Entertainment.</em></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
As always, thanks for your visit.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Please leave your reactions in the comments below. </div>
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<br /></div>
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MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-7771617859271308752015-09-29T05:57:00.002-07:002015-09-29T05:57:22.119-07:00On Creating Logos<div class="_fUc irc_mimg">
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<a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCP7F3LSlnMgCFUhpPgodxbgK3Q" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCP7F3LSlnMgCFUhpPgodxbgK3Q&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.search-this.com%2F2007%2F03%2F28%2Fthe-anatomy-of-a-logo%2F&psig=AFQjCNHqfAX0PDGPtW7tGLy8kHSNhhGRFg&ust=1443617703072563" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img class="irc_mi" height="188" src="http://www.search-this.com/wp-content/themes/big-blue/images/company-logos1.gif" style="margin-top: 22px;" width="200" /></a>Our world today is driven by digital technologies. From cell phones to
tablets, to electronic readers, and computers, almost all our work and
the majority of our entertainment is delivered, shared, and enjoyed
digitally.<br />
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Information is communicated in verbal and iconic fragments - from texts to tweets to
images, and is
available via multimedia resources, empowering us to communicate with
anyone, at any time, at any location around the globe -
with the touch of a finger. In our world of twitter, Instagram, YouTube, avatars, and instant messaging - we need to seriously consider the images we chose to use. If the image doesn't work, we lose our audience and often our message. It's all about visual literacy - and below are some tips on creating your own icons, avatars and images<br />
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Logos.svg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Logos.svg/220px-Logos.svg.png" height="98" width="220" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Greek spelling from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logos">Wikipedia</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
According to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logos">Wikipedia</a>, <b>LOGOS </b>was "originally a (Greek) word meaning "a ground," "a plea," "an opinion,"
"an expectation," "word," "speech," '"account," [and] "reason"...it
became a technical term in philosophy, beginning with Heraclitus
(535-475 B.C.E.), who used the term for a principle of order and knowledge.
In English, <b><i>logos</i></b> is the root of the "-logy" suffix (e.g., geology)."
</blockquote>
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Interestingly, we now use the term "logo" to relate visual or graphic
representations of a product, enterprise, organization or slogan -as a
means of promoting instant public recognition. <a href="http://el.media.mit.edu/logo-foundation/logo/">Logo</a>
is also a multi-paradigm computer programming language designed as a
tool for learning. It is used to develop simulations and to create
multimedia presentations. <br />
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</blockquote>
From what I could find, both modern-day usages of the word incorporate
its earlier meanings - grounding words or images in a certain meaning
or using it to create expectations.
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<a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCPGL_NjFl8gCFQw6PgodtIIPGg" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCPGL_NjFl8gCFQw6PgodtIIPGg&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdesignshack.net%2Farticles%2Fgraphics%2F6-famous-logos-that-leverage-inconsistent-design%2F&bvm=bv.103388427,d.eXY&psig=AFQjCNEhiAKc5TEU3oiz00lmTAN4TW6g9A&ust=1443454582364224" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
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There are basically three types of logos:<br />
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<ul>
<li style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><b>Font-based</b> logos that present your message or name using a distinct font type. IBM, Coca-Cola, Google, Amazon, and MTv are three such examples. Some simply use font (MTv, YouTube), others use font and color choices (Google, FedEx, Coca-Cola).<b> </b></li>
<li style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><b>Image-based</b> logos present your message/brand/name using distinct images that literally or closely illustrate your message or brand. For example, Apple, World Wildlife Foundation, The Olympics (five colored rings united at least for a few weeks to compete), and Firefox. </li>
<li style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>Abstract Symbols </b>logos which present your message using abstract symbols that become linked to your name/brand. For example: Nike's swoosh.</div>
</li>
</ul>
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<a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCMPhrc7El8gCFQRcPgod-vUOKA" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCMPhrc7El8gCFQRcPgod-vUOKA&url=http%3A%2F%2Flogos.wikia.com%2Fwiki%2FGoogle&bvm=bv.103388427,d.eXY&psig=AFQjCNFETmaWgS7JSa7twHsiCS8R4fqGyg&ust=1443454264905022"><br /></a></div>
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<a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCMPhrc7El8gCFQRcPgod-vUOKA" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCMPhrc7El8gCFQRcPgod-vUOKA&url=http%3A%2F%2Flogos.wikia.com%2Fwiki%2FGoogle&bvm=bv.103388427,d.eXY&psig=AFQjCNFETmaWgS7JSa7twHsiCS8R4fqGyg&ust=1443454264905022"><br /></a></div>
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From what I could find, both modern-day usages of the word incorporate
its earlier meanings - grounding words or images in a certain meaning
or using it to create expectations. </div>
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When creating your own logo here are some things to consider:<br />
<ul>
<li>Decide what message you want the logo to articulate.</li>
<li>Brainstorm ways to relay that message visually.</li>
<li>Look at how others successfully relay their messages to your target audience. Incorporate what you think works for that audience into your logo.</li>
<li>Make sure your logo is clean and functional - make sure it is one you don't have to explain or one that is cluttered with too much color, information or content.</li>
<li>Carefully select you font and color use.</li>
</ul>
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Finally, below is an informative infographic on successful (and not so successful) logos. Integrate and learn: <a href="http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/best-infographics-2014?utm_content=bufferd5627&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer">http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/best-infographics-2014?utm_content=bufferd5627&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer</a><br />
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<b><img alt="infographic-logo-color" class="alignCenter shadow" src="http://cdn2.hubspot.net/hub/53/file-1084659246-jpg/infographic-logo-color.jpg?t=1419605997130" style="width: 650px;" width="650" /></b></div>
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To learn more please see these additional resources:<br />
<ul>
<li>For more on visual and verbal literacy, please visit: <a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2011/06/visual-vs-visual-literacy-no-contest.html">Visual vs. Verbal Literacy? No Contest</a> </li>
<li>For more on digital literacy, please visit <a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2014/02/with-digital-literacy-comes-digital.html">Digital Literacy and Digital Ethics in and out of the Classroom </a></li>
<li>For more on creating infographics, please visit: <a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2013/09/infographics-and-their-impact-on.html">Infographics: How to Make them and Why They're Invading Classrooms, Blogs and Businesses </a></li>
<li>For more on logos, please visit: <a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2013/04/logos-power-of-grounding-logic-and.html">Logos: The Power of Grounding Logic and Expectations in Our Communications</a></li>
<li>For more on how to use color, please visit: <a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2013/01/color-casts-powerful-messages-learn-how.html">Color Casts Powerful Messages: Learn how to USE it! </a> </li>
</ul>
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As always, thanks for your visit.</div>
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Please leave your own logos or avatars --- or leave your favorite and least favorite logo choices in the comments below.</div>
MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com12tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-83523772815819804852015-09-12T19:42:00.000-07:002015-09-12T19:42:54.330-07:00Jewish New Year 5776<div style="text-align: center;">
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<a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCJy797388scCFQZ3Pgod_ygJ4g" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCJy797388scCFQZ3Pgod_ygJ4g&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abqjew.com%2Fgodo.php&psig=AFQjCNEXTrIhiCwx8eqYrBHYk5azdFWxvg&ust=1442197894639923" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><b> </b></div>
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<a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCM3Myrj88scCFYU4PgodLK0HNw" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCM3Myrj88scCFYU4PgodLK0HNw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.longislandbrowser.com%2Fcommunity%2Fevents%2Fholiday-events%2F&psig=AFQjCNEXTrIhiCwx8eqYrBHYk5azdFWxvg&ust=1442197894639923"><img class="irc_mi" height="160" src="http://www.longislandbrowser.com/community/events/hanukkah-jewish-holidays/2015-09-13_0006925/small.jpg" style="cursor: move; margin-top: 119px;" width="250" /></a></div>
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<b>TO ALL MY FRIENDS AND FOLLOWERS WHO WILL BE CELEBRATING</b></div>
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<b>I wish you and your families a HAPPY and HEALTHY New Yea</b>r </div>
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<a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCOSwuZL98scCFYHZPgodk60IFw" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCOSwuZL98scCFYHZPgodk60IFw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roshhashanah-2015.com%2Fsearch%3Fupdated-max%3D2015-07-21T09%3A12%3A00-07%3A00%26max-results%3D7%26start%3D7%26by-date%3Dfalse&psig=AFQjCNEXTrIhiCwx8eqYrBHYk5azdFWxvg&ust=1442197894639923"><img class="irc_mi" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzDYHUa87BvP1B33PhUSGYagdCY6Vo_ARTkFV_sFxAQ6K2moEAkxqEhZGC_LhE2eBUagXCcJvu3NeLPTubX_4dSfNr1rp8nb2M96kBMjyJT4-fZz-kbZZBEXj8fKRKHIZ8EBTMMvf0UE0/s1600/free-printable-rosh-hashanah-greeting-cards.jpg" style="margin-top: 82px;" width="311" /></a><div style="text-align: center;">
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<b>May 5776 be a year of peace, prosperity and of tikun olam (the healing of our world) and good will to all.</b></div>
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<a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCMiR4Lr98scCFQKgPgod4-QEfg" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCMiR4Lr98scCFQKgPgod4-QEfg&url=http%3A%2F%2Ftime-for-israel.com%2Fsenate-addresses-anti-semitism-in-europe%2F&psig=AFQjCNEXTrIhiCwx8eqYrBHYk5azdFWxvg&ust=1442197894639923"><img class="irc_mi" height="233" src="http://time-for-israel.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Rosh.jpg" style="margin-top: 82px;" width="311" /></a></div>
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<b> As always, thank you for your visit.</b></div>
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<b>Please leave a comment below.</b></div>
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MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com13tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-67108242077026965912015-09-07T15:24:00.001-07:002015-09-07T15:24:55.108-07:00I Kill Giants: Classroom Guide for One GREAT Graphic Novel (Dealing with Legends and Loss)<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/I-Kill-Giants-Cover-620x981.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="I-Kill-Giants-Cover-620x981" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-19755" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/I-Kill-Giants-Cover-620x981-189x300.jpg" height="200" width="126" /></a><i>I Kill Giants</i>,
by Joe Kelly and JM Ken Niimura, won the IGN Best of 2008, was voted
one of the 10 Best Comics of 2009 by New York magazine’s Dan Kois; was a
YALSA (Young Adult Library Association) 2010 Top Ten Great Graphic
Novel for Teens, and won the Gold Award at the 5<sup>th</sup> International Manga Award I 2012.<br />
<br />
Through the prose and art of <i>I Kill Giants,</i> Joe Kelly and JM
Ken Niimura provide a timeless, honest rendering of a child’s reaction
to critical illness as eleven-year-old Barbara struggles to face an
untimely loss, first through escapism and then gradually through
acceptance. With Kelly’s insightful text and Niimura’s powerful images,
we feel Barbara’s pains and struggles as she faces life’s challenges.<br />
<br />
<b>OVERVIEW</b><br />
<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page1-209x300.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page1" border="0" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-19754" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page1-209x300.jpg" height="300" width="209" /></a><i></i><i>I Kill Giants</i>
opens with Barbara Thorson— a clever, glib fifth graders who is a loner in
school and seems to talk more with faeries and goblins than with friends
— sitting behind a makeshift tent made from blankets and sheets and a
tapestry image of a knight fighting vile monsters. We see her sewing. We
aren’t sure yet what it is, but she is intently focused. We slowly see
she’s embroidering a design on a heart-shaped purse, a purse we will see
with her throughout most of the book. We later find out that this purse
is the coveted home of her secret weapon — the Coveleski war hammer —
the only effective weapon to battle and kill giants.<br />
<br />
Barbara
is a wealth of information when it comes to giants. She teaches us
about the first giant, Ur, and helps us distinguish between titans and
giants. And she knows just how to battle them. She tells everyone,
including faeries and goblins, about her strategies. They help support
her and help warn her. <br />
<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page2.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page2" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-19753" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page2-300x230.jpg" height="230" width="300" /></a>As the story unfolds, we must evaluate whether Barbara is escaping
into a world of fantasy, whether her quest to kill giants is just a
metaphor for life, or if, in fact, she does kill giants. Kelly’s prose
paired with Niimura’s bold black and white manga-style art successfully
relays Barbara as a real child, a stubborn pre-teen with few friends.
She is ready to fight anyone and everyone. She’s caustic, lonely and
determined. And we’re all rooting for her. The story, prose, and art
make this book an outstanding read for all ages. <br />
<br />
<i>I Kill Giants</i> is an empowering story. Through the text and
images, we struggle along with Barbara. We struggle through her tantrums, her trips
to the principal and school counselor, and her conversations with imps
and faeries, and in her critical battle with an equally fearless titan.. Throughout the book we feel Barbara's pain as she fights bullies and her older sister. But most of all, we struggle with her as the “truths” she’s facing are slowly
revealed and her fears are finally confronted and conquered.<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page4.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page4" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-19751" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page4-300x153.jpg" height="153" width="300" /></a>Are the faeries real? Does Barbara really see them? Are they her only
friends? And are there real giants threatening Barbara’s very existence
or are they a metaphor for the fears she must face? Or, are they simply
part of a made-up world Barbara’s created to help her escape from the
fears and horrors around her? These questions are for you to explore as
you read and enjoy <i>I Kill Giants.</i><br />
<b>In short</b>, <i>I Kill Giants</i> is an insightfully
honest and empowering story of a girl who struggles with loss, bullying,
and friendship. It is about, how, as Joe Kelly writes “we’re all
stronger than we think.”<br />
In addition to Kelly’s wonderfully nuanced central character and his
sensitive rendering of facing life’s challenges, this powerfully
illustrated and told story deals with:<br />
<ul><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page8.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page8" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-19747" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page8-209x300.jpg" height="300" width="209" /></a>
<li>the power of friendship, especially when things get tough;</li>
<li>finding the courage to deal with loss;</li>
<li>the powers and perils of escapism; and</li>
<li>the long reaching effects of bullying.</li>
</ul>
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<b>TEACHING/DISCUSSION SUGGESTIONS:</b><br />
<b>Cultural Diversity, Civic Responsibilities, and Social Issues</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Barbara is clearly different from the other kids in her school and
class. Discuss how the text and art depict her differences and how
others treat her as a result. Discuss issues of social tolerance in this
story and compare it to social tolerance in your own school.</li>
<li>Throughout the story, but particularly in Chapter 5, Barbara deals
with the school bully. Have students visually depict Barbara’s
strategies while evaluating their effectiveness. Brainstorm other
strategies students might use when dealing with bullies.</li>
</ul>
<b>Language, Literature, and Language Usage</b><br />
<ul><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page7.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page7" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-19748" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page7-195x300.jpg" height="300" style="cursor: move;" width="195" /></a>
<li>Discuss how Barbara’s battle with a titan takes on mythic and epic proportions.</li>
<li>Define and discuss metaphor. Evaluate Kelly’s use of metaphor in this story.</li>
<li>Compare giants of myth (i.e. Greek Titans, the Celt’s Green Knight,
the Bible’s Goliath, etc.). Discuss how Barbara’s giants and her facts
on giants do or do not fit with these classic giants.</li>
<li>Discuss the hero archetype as described by Joseph Campbell (see
resource below). Discuss Barbara does or does not fit the prototype.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<b>Critical Thinking and Inferences</b><br />
The
authors make many inferences in this book both with language use and
through imagery. You may want to discuss the following uses of
inference:<br />
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<ul>
<li>At the end of Chapter 2, we see Barbara wearing a knight’s helmet
and breastplate sitting at a bus stop and talking to some faeries. She
tells them, “No one’s here. You don’t have to hide,” To which the faerie
replies, “Oh really, miss tall and steely? You’re hiding.” Discuss the
implications of this dialogue and what Barbara might be hiding from.<b></b></li>
<li>In Chapter 3, Barbara is talking with the school counselor who asks
Barbara if her sister is “dumb.” Barbara is busy drawing a she responds,
“No. She’s not dumb like other people. She’s ‘special.’” Then, in the
next panel as the counselor continues by asking, “Does she make you
angry like other people? What about your brother–?” at which point
Barbara’s crayon snaps and breaks. Discuss what this dialogue and the
snapped crayon are inferring and trying to tell us. What does Barbara
think about her brother and sister?</li>
<li>In Chapters 3 and on, often when Barbara talks with the counselor or
her sister, there are words that are crossed out. Discuss what those
words are and why they’re crossed out. What is Kelly telling us and why
is he doing it in this manner?</li>
<li>Chapter 6 contains Barbara’s epic battle with a titan. As she’s
battling the Titan, Barbara tells him, “She’s going to live because I
beat you…” To which the Titan responds, “Little warriorrrr….I diddd
nottt come forrrr herrrrr….I came… forrrr you!” Discuss what he means.</li>
</ul>
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page6.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page6" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-19749" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page6-277x300.jpg" height="300" width="277" /></a><br />
<b>Modes of Storytelling and Visual Literacy</b><br />
In graphic novels, images are used to relay messages with and without
accompanying text, adding additional dimension to the story. Compare,
contrast, and discuss with students how images can be used to relay
complex messages. For example:<br />
<ul>
<li>Discuss how JM Ken Niimura’s art helps tell the story. In
particular, discuss how and why the images at school and at home are so
different. Discuss how this helps tell the story.</li>
<li>In Chapter 3, there is an incredible wordless one-panel image of the
school hallway, full of kids talking, walking and interacting as
Barbara moves by them. The hallway is also full of imps, faeries, and
monsters. Discuss what JM Ken Niimura is trying to relay on this page.</li>
<li>In Chapter 3, we see Barbara in school wearing regular clothes (and
bear ears) but after getting off the bus, we see she’s wearing her
armor. Why?</li>
<li>In Chapter 4, in the school counselor’s office, there are several
posters. Discuss these posters and their messages. How do they
influence/ enhance the story?</li>
</ul>
<b></b><br />
<b>Suggested Prose and Graphic Novel Pairings </b><br />
For greater discussion on literary style and/or content here are some prose novels and poetry you may want to read with <i>I Kill Giants:</i><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page10.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page10" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-19745" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page10-300x295.png" height="295" width="300" /></a></div>
<ul><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page11.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a>
<li><i>Out of the Dust </i>by
Karen Hesse: An outstanding story told in poetic prose about a girl
living in Oklahoma Dust Belt in the 1930s and how she copes with the
loss of her mother.</li>
<li><i>Charlotte’s Web</i> by E.B. White: A spider helps a pig evade the slaughter house, and he helps the barn animals deal with her eventual death.</li>
<li><i>Tiger Eyes</i> by Judy Blume: The story of a fourteen-year-old
girl whose father is shot during a robbery and how she, her mother, and
her younger brother cope with his loss.</li>
<li><i>The Olympian Series</i> by George O’Connor: An outstanding graphic novel series covering Greek Myth. (Note: <i>Zeus: King of the Gods</i>, the first of the series, has a nice section on the Titans.)</li>
<li><i>D’Aulaire’s Book Of Greek Myths</i> by Ingri d’Aulaire and
Edgar Parin D’Aulaire: A classic and timeless collection of beautifully
illustrated stories of the ancient Greek gods and their myths.</li>
<li><i>The Norse Myths </i>by Kevin Crossley-Holland: Contains thirty-two classic myths from the Viking world.</li>
<li><i>The Secret History of Giants</i> by Ari Berk: A work of fiction that combines giants of new and old legends.</li>
<li><i>Odd and the Frost Giants</i> by Neil Gaiman, illustrations by
Mark Buckingham: About a boy named Odd who runs away from home and finds
himself faced with a journey to save Asgard, the city of the Norse
Gods, from the Frost Giants who have invaded.</li>
<li><i>The Golem</i> by Isaac Bashevis Singer: A classic Eastern
European legend about a monster giant who was created by a Jewish Rabbi
to protect his people.</li>
<li><i>Help for the Hard Times: Getting Through Loss</i> by Earl Hipp: A guide for middle and high school students to help them understand how they experience grief and loss.</li>
<li><i>The Fault in Our Stars</i> by John Green: Two teens deal with and battle cancer.</li>
<li><i>Nana, What’s Cancer?</i> by Beverlye Hyman Fead and Tessa Mae
Hamermesh, illustrated by Shennen Bersani: An award-wining book offering
loving conversations between and grandmother and granddaughter around
questions about cancer.</li>
<li><i>What’s Up With Bridget’s Mom?</i><i>Medikids Explain Breast Cancer</i> by Dr. Kim Chilman-Blair and John Taddeo: A graphic novel explaining breast cancer.</li>
<li><i>What’s Up with Richard? Medikids Explain Leukemia</i> by Dr. Kim Chilman-Blair and John Taddeo: A graphic novel explaining leukemia.</li>
<li><i>What’s Up With Jo? Midikidz Explain Brain Tumors </i>by Dr. Kim Chilman-Blair and John Taddeo: A graphic novel explaining brain tumors.<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page11.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page11" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-19744" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/page11-209x300.jpg" height="300" width="209" /></a></li>
</ul>
<br />
<b>ADDITIONAL RESOURCES:</b><br />
<b>Teaching about Mythic Structure, Monomyth (The Hero’s Journey), and Heroes:</b><br />
<ul>
<li><i><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/10/using-graphic-novels-in-education-i-kill-giants/">I Kill Giants: Teachers Guide</a> - by Meryl Jaffe at www.cbldf.org - </i>contains a full summary, teaching suggestions and additional resources</li>
<li><a href="http://thewritersjourney.com/hero%27s_journey.htm"><i>The Writer’s Journey: Mythic Structure for Writers</i></a> by Hollywood screenwriter Christopher Volger and how he introduced Joseph Campbell’s <i>Hero With a Thousand Faces</i> to Disney, influencing <i>The Lion King </i>andthe Wachowski brothers’<i> The Matrix.</i></li>
<li>Interactive link by NCTE’s Read-Write-Think about the <a href="http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/interactives/herosjourney/">Hero’s Journey</a></li>
<li>A YouTube video with Glove and Boot’s <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZxs_jGN7Pg">Fafa explaining Monomyth and the Hero’s Journey</a> vis-à-vis Adam Sandler movies, Star Wars, Harry Potter, The Hobbit, Indiana Jones movies, The Wizard of Oz, and others.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.si.edu/Exhibitions/Details/Star-Wars-The-Magic-of-Myth-3601">Smithsonian Air and Space Museum online exhibition</a> about and their online exhibit <a href="http://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/star-wars/online/">Star Wars: The Magic of Myth</a></li>
</ul>
<b>Background on the Golem legends: </b><br />
<a href="http://comminfo.rutgers.edu/professional-development/childlit/golem/backgroundgolem.html">http://comminfo.rutgers.edu/professional-development/childlit/golem/backgroundgolem.html</a><br />
<b>Dealing with Death and Loss:</b><br />
<ul>
<li> <a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2014/04/helping-kids-deal-with-overcoming-loss.html">Helping kids deal with loss: ( http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2014/04/helping-kids-deal-with-overcoming-loss.html)</a></li>
<li>KidsHealth: Helping Your Child Deal with Death <a href="http://kidshealth.org/parent/emotions/feelings/death.html">http://kidshealth.org/parent/emotions/feelings/death.html</a></li>
<li>CancerCare: Helping Children Who Have Lost a Loved One <a href="http://www.cancercare.org/publications/52-helping_children_who_have_lost_a_loved_one">http://www.cancercare.org/publications/52-helping_children_who_have_lost_a_loved_one</a></li>
<li>ChildGrief: Navigating Children’s Grief <a href="http://childgrief.org/childgrief.htm">http://childgrief.org/childgrief.htm</a></li>
<li>PBS: When Families Grieve <a href="http://www.pbs.org/parents/whenfamiliesgrieve/resources.html">http://www.pbs.org/parents/whenfamiliesgrieve/resources.html</a></li>
</ul>
MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com43tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-34079251270595414892015-08-23T10:08:00.000-07:002015-08-23T10:08:05.315-07:00A Guide: Finding the Right Hot Dog for You!<a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCM6dq-TWv8cCFYxVPgodYPEKsA" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCM6dq-TWv8cCFYxVPgodYPEKsA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fvenible.com%2Fgrilling-hot-dogs%2F&ei=8PvZVc7lH4yr-QHg4quACw&psig=AFQjCNEVhS5wz1YAAD4ow5Ih2oa-kv3gzQ&ust=1440435366596897" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img class="irc_mi" height="266" src="http://venible.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Grilling-Hot-Dogs-02.jpg" style="margin-top: 5px;" width="400" /></a>With Labor Day fast approaching and summer ending (and combining <a href="http://abcwednesday-mrsnesbitt.blogspot.com/">ABCWednesday</a>'s F,G, and H weeks), I thought I'd post a final hurrah to grilling. In particular a post to grilling and dressing the right hot dog for you.<br />
<div class="_fUc irc_mimg">
</div>
Happy Grilling. Happy End of Summer... Enjoy!<br />
<br />
According to <a href="http://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/destinations/2013/05/04/americas-best-hot-dogs/2133537/">USA Today</a>,<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"The hot dog is one of the few foods that's nearly impossible to screw
up. You heat it through, tuck it into a bun, squirt on some mustard, and
call it lunch. But there's a big difference between not screwing
something up and turning it into a paradigm-shifting, transcendental
dining experience...But there's a science, if not an art form, behind constructing the perfect hot-dog-eating experience."</blockquote>
<b>Hot Dog History</b>:<br />
According to "<a href="http://www.hot-dog.org/culture/hot-dog-history">Hot Dog History</a>" from the National Hot Dog and Sausage Council,<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"Sausage is one of the oldest forms of processed food, having been
mentioned in Homer's Odyssey as far back as the 9th Century B.C."</blockquote>
Hot dogs were first introduced in the United States around 1870 when German immigrant Charles Feltman began selling his sausages in rolls (at "3 cents each or 2 for 5 cents (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_dog)">wikipedia.org)</a>" selling them cheap at amusement centers like Coney Island. According to <a href="http://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/destinations/2013/05/04/americas-best-hot-dogs/2133537/">USA Today</a>:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
" Charles Feltman
is widely considered to be the first person to have applied hot dog to
bun, in order to avoid needing to supply plates and silverware to
customers at his sprawling Coney Island restaurant."</blockquote>
However according to Stephanie Butler at history.com "<a href="http://www.history.com/news/hungry-history/break-out-the-buns-the-history-of-the-hot-dog">Break Out the Buns: The History of the Hot Dog</a>":<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"The man most responsible for popularizing the hot dog in the United
States was, however, neither German nor Austrian. His name was Nathan
Handwerker, a Jewish immigrant from Poland. In 1915 Handwerker worked at
a hot dog stand at Coney Island, where he made a whopping $11 a week
slicing buns. The hardworking Handwerker lived entirely on hot dogs and
slept on the kitchen floor for a year until he’d saved $300, enough to
start a competing stand. He was a savvy businessman: knowing his former
boss charged 10 cents apiece for dogs, Handwerker charged only 5 cents.
Customers flocked to him, his competitor went out of business, and
Nathan’s Famous was born." </blockquote>
<br />
<b>Top Hot Dog Haunts</b>:<br />
<ul>
<li>Here are <a href="http://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/destinations/2013/05/04/americas-best-hot-dogs/2133537/">USAhttps://www.thrillist.com/eat/nation/best-hot-dogs-around-the-world Today</a>'s Top Ten Hot Dog Haunts in the U.S.</li>
<li>Here are Chicago's "<a href="http://chicagoist.com/2013/07/22/chicagos_best_hot_dogs.php">13 Best Hot Dogs</a>" (from Chicagoist.com)</li>
<li>Here are the "Nations Best" from Pervaiz Shallwani at <a href="http://www.foodandwine.com/slideshows/americas-best-hot-dogs">Food and Wine</a></li>
<li>Here's an "I<a href="https://www.thrillist.com/eat/nation/best-hot-dogs-around-the-world">nternational Hot Dog Guide</a>" by Adam Lapentina at Thrillist.com </li>
<li>And now for the "healthiest" hot dogs to eat, please check out:</li>
<ul>
<li>Anne Harding's suggestions at <a href="http://health.com/">health.com</a> (http://www.health.com/health/gallery/0,,20511295,00.html)</li>
<li>"<a href="http://www.thedailymeal.com/healthiest-unhealthiest-store-bought-hot-dogs">The Healthiest and Unhealthiest Store-Bought Hot Dogs</a>" edited by Dan Myers at TheDailyMeal.com </li>
</ul>
</ul>
For the home griller, here is a cool infographic on "40 Ways the World Makes Awesome Hot Dogs"<br />
From: <a href="http://llustrated Guide 40 Ways The World Makes Awesome Hot Dogs Check out our Ultimate Hot Dog Style Guide Jess Kapadia, illustrations by Mike Houston May 19, 2015 Article featured image It’s not just a sausage in a bun; it’s a beautiful blank canvas. It’s a hot dog, which is a foodstuff eaten worldwide. Here are 40 distinctive varieties from around the globe — from iconic NYC “dirty water dogs” to fully loaded South American street-cart dogs to Japanese octo-dogs. There is a tubesteak out there for every craving that ever was. [For more hot dog ideas, check out our video series, the Food Republic Hot Dog Condiment Challenge, on YouTube]">http://www.foodrepublic.com/2015/05/19/40-ways-the-world-makes-awesome-hot-dogs/</a> by Jess Kapadia, illsutrated by Mike Houston<br />
<div class="article-content">
<div class="article-body body-copy ng-scope">
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://i1.wp.com/www.foodrepublic.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/hot_dog_v5.jpg?w=700" height="2790" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="620" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From:<a href="http://llustrated%20guide%2040%20ways%20the%20world%20makes%20awesome%20hot%20dogs%20check%20out%20our%20ultimate%20hot%20dog%20style%20guide%20%20jess%20kapadia,%20illustrations%20by%20mike%20houston%20may%2019,%202015%20article%20featured%20image%20%20it%e2%80%99s%20not%20just%20a%20sausage%20in%20a%20bun;%20it%e2%80%99s%20a%20beautiful%20blank%20canvas.%20it%e2%80%99s%20a%20hot%20dog,%20which%20is%20a%20foodstuff%20eaten%20worldwide.%20here%20are%2040%20distinctive%20varieties%20from%20around%20the%20globe%20%e2%80%94%20from%20iconic%20nyc%20%e2%80%9cdirty%20water%20dogs%e2%80%9d%20to%20fully%20loaded%20south%20american%20street-cart%20dogs%20to%20japanese%20octo-dogs.%20there%20is%20a%20tubesteak%20out%20there%20for%20every%20craving%20that%20ever%20was.%20%20%20[for%20more%20hot%20dog%20ideas,%20check%20out%20our%20video%20series,%20the%20food%20republic%20hot%20dog%20condiment%20challenge,%20on%20youtube]/">http://www.foodrepublic.com/2015/05/19/40-ways-the-world-makes-awesome-hot-dogs/ </a><br />
<a class="tax" href="http://www.foodrepublic.com/topics/illustrated-guide/">llustrated Guide</a>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
[For more hot dog ideas, check out our video series, the Food Republic Hot Dog Condiment Challenge, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4OotQL1gyMJYALhKsPr-YPlr-LSrqTaw" target="_blank">on YouTube</a>]<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
In the meantime, thanks for your visit and happy grilling!</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Please leave your "hot dog favorites" in the comments below. </div>
</div>
</div>
MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-86403471206986661682015-08-10T15:48:00.000-07:002015-08-10T21:04:11.218-07:00Emojis: A Tutorial<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/imgs/daily/intelligencer/2014/11/14/magazine/14-emoji.w529.h352.2x.jpg" height="133" itemprop="contentUrl" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo Illustration by: <a href="http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2014/11/emojis-rapid-evolution.html">Zohar Lazar,</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Do you use emoji? Do you even know what they are? Not to worry, here's what you need to know.<br />
<br />
<div data-dobid="dfn" style="display: inline;">
<span data-dobid="hdw"><b>DEFINITION</b>: </span><b><span data-dobid="hdw"> </span></b></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div data-dobid="dfn" style="display: inline;">
<b><span data-dobid="hdw">e·mo·ji</span></b><span class="lr_dct_ph"> ēˈmōjē/</span><i></i> <i>noun</i> - an emoji is a small digital image or icon used to express an idea, emotion, etc., in electronic communication.</div>
</blockquote>
<b>A BRIEF HISTORY</b>:<span class="dropcap"> The "birth" of e</span><span class="capIntro">moji is credited to</span> Shigetaka
Kurita, an employee at the Japanese telecom company NTT Docomo. In
the late 1990s, the company was looking for a way to distinguish its
pager service in a very tight market. Kurita hit on
the idea of adding simplistic cartoon images to its messaging functions
as a way to appeal to teens.<br />
<br />
<b>HOW THEY'RE USED:</b> Emoji are used to
illustrate, and/or replace words we send each
other digitally, (in text messages, emails, or tweets). While originally developed for the Japanese market, they're now available on smartphones and more. According to Adam Sternberg ("<a href="http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2014/11/emojis-rapid-evolution.html">Smile, You're Speaking Emoji</a>") emoji are now used more frequently on Twitter than are hyphens or the numeral 5.<br />
<br />
<span class="capIntro">In 2013, in response</span> to the question “Do you use stickers or emoji in message apps?” 74% of people in the U.S. and 82% in China <a data-track="Body Text Link: External" href="http://www.statista.com/statistics/301061/mobile-messaging-apps-sticker-emoji-usage/">responded</a> that they have. (Stickers are a kind of <i>faux</i> emoji—things like <i>Seinfeld</i>
Emoji or the “Peanuts” characters you find on Facebook—that you can
send using certain apps but that aren’t baked into Unicode.)<br />
<br />
<b>EMOJI</b> <b>101</b>: <br />
<br />
Emoji are used to represent emotions; people; locations; events; sounds; touch; foods; entertainment; poop; and at this point just about anything that can be simply represented by an understandable icon.<br />
<br />
Most people start their emjoi messaging with emoticon emoji - emoji representing their feelings/emotions. Here are a few examples:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<ul>
<li><blockquote class="tr_bq">
Smiling Face<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/02-smiling-face.png" /> </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><blockquote>
Smiling Face With Smiling Eyes<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/03-smiling-face-with-smiling-eyes.png" /> </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><blockquote>
Grinning Face<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/04-grinning-face.png" /> </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><blockquote>
Winking Face<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/05-winking-face.png" /> </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><blockquote>
Smiling Face With Heart-Shaped Eyes<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/06-smiling-face-with-heart-eyes.png" /> </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><blockquote>
Kissing Face<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/07-kissing-face.png" /> </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><blockquote>
Kissing Face With Closed Eyes<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/08-kissing-face-with-closed-eyes.png" /> </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEgziH4KgkkCNy4qL7AZ-vzN_3DWd6IFRiu13NEOKfjT2IEzSfe7vsncL2c_TX2xxMxoHnFYJeh5mACSUpi5BbyUToPlhhmXlzy1QNA0pBjHV7hBbROqb4b6qUVCyZGQOUuSEMm6BPvNAKOVlmm9BSW4IZqefEp9O67Rwh0vtL32W8u5ur8JYAcF8brQzlW8vt6zQpWBY7WM5YAi9Y4U_jfcf1eeMSGW=" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/09-face-with-stuck-out-tongue.png" /></a>
<li><blockquote>
Face With Stuck-Out Tongue With Tightly Closed Eyes </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<b>Things</b>: </blockquote>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><blockquote>
House With Garden<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/10-house-with-garden.png" /> </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><blockquote>
Convenience Store<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/11-convenience-store.png" /> </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><blockquote>
Ghost<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/14-ghost.png" /> </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><blockquote>
Money With Wings<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/15-money-with-wings.png" /> </blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><blockquote>
Chart With Upward Trend<img class="emoji" src="http://pixel.nymag.com/content/dam/custom/images/2014/features/emoji/16-chart-with-upwward-trend.png" /></blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<br />
BUT these are the simpler ones and just the tip of the ice burg.<br />
<br />
Here are some "People" options:<br />
<div class="_fUc irc_mimg">
</div>
<div class="_fUc irc_mimg">
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<a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCMCBmreSoMcCFcpWPgod8a8Ezg" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCMCBmreSoMcCFcpWPgod8a8Ezg&url=http%3A%2F%2Fkoin.com%2F2015%2F02%2F23%2F300-new-diverse-emojis-coming-with-apple-update%2F&ei=hHPJVcCvFsqt-QHx35LwDA&bvm=bv.99804247,d.cWw&psig=AFQjCNEJBRI0rXGUzVyBudUMTYy7yeTtpA&ust=1439352064187811"><img class="irc_mi" height="335" src="https://lintvkoin.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/emoji-cult-of-mac.jpg?w=620" style="margin-top: 29px;" width="620" /></a></div>
Here's a selection of emoji:<br />
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The website <a data-track="Body Text Link: External" href="http://emojinalysis.tumblr.com/">Emojinalysis</a> will track your recent emoji use to analyze your emotional well-being. <br />
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<a class="irc_mil i3597" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCN39nvGQoMcCFYVVPgod9XAOgA" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCN39nvGQoMcCFYVVPgod9XAOgA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwsj.com%2Femoji%2F&ei=5XHJVZ33DIWr-QH14bmACA&bvm=bv.99804247,d.cWw&psig=AFQjCNEdleBNrvox6RymEaN3-6ev2GFq0g&ust=1439351626007249"><img class="irc_mi" height="268" src="http://graphics.wsj.com/emoji/img/facts_2.png" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="320" /></a></div>
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Resources to learn more:<br />
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<li>For more start with <a href="http://emojipedia.org/">Emojipedia</a> </li>
<li>"<a href="http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2014/11/emojis-rapid-evolution.html">Smile, You're Speaking Emoji: The Rapid Wordless Tongue</a>" by Adam Sternbergh. New York Magazine Nov. 16, 2014 <a href="http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2014/11/emojis-rapid-evolution.html">http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2014/11/emojis-rapid-evolution.html</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.fastcompany.com/3037803/the-oral-history-of-the-poop-emoji-or-how-google-brought-poop-to-america">The Oral History of the Poop Emoji - Or How Google Brought Poop to America</a> found at <a href="http://www.fastcompany.com/3037803/the-oral-history-of-the-poop-emoji-or-how-google-brought-poop-to-america">http://www.fastcompany.com/3037803/the-oral-history-of-the-poop-emoji-or-how-google-brought-poop-to-america</a></li>
<li>For extensive lists of emoji under the following categories: people;
nature; food and drink; celebration; activity; travel and places;
objects and symbols; flags; new emoji; and skin tone modifiers: <a href="http://emojipedia.org/people/">http://emojipedia.org/people/</a></li>
<li><a data-track="related-story-emoji" href="http://www.vulture.com/2014/03/take-our-emoji-movie-quote-quiz.html"><span class="review"><span class="reviewRubric">QUIZ</span>Take Our Emoji Movie Quote Quiz</span></a> </li>
<li><a data-track="related-story-emoji" href="http://www.vulture.com/2014/02/gillian-jacobs-community-emoji-translate-video.html"><span class="review"><span class="reviewRubric">VIDEO</span>Watch <i>Community</i>’s Gillian Jacobs Take the Ultimate Emoji Test</span></a></li>
<li><span class="review"><a data-track="related-story-emoji" href="http://nymag.com/thecut/2014/03/definitive-emoji-sexting-glossary.html"><span class="review"><span class="reviewRubric">GLOSSARY</span>The Definitive </span></a> </span></li>
<li><span class="review"><a class="last" data-track="related-story-emoji" href="http://nymag.com/thecut/2014/02/introducing-the-cuts-fashion-week-emojis.html"><span class="review">Fashion Week Emojis</span></a> </span> </li>
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As always, thanks for the visit.</div>
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While I still need to download my emoji - I'll stick with text.</div>
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Please leave your own emoji or text reactions in the comments below.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://sccss.ca/wordpress2/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/diversiteit2.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="http://sccss.ca/wordpress2/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/diversiteit2.gif" border="0" src="http://sccss.ca/wordpress2/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/diversiteit2.gif" height="161" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">From: http://sccss.ca/wordpress2/diversity/</span></td></tr>
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Diversity is a popular buzzword in education and in publishing, and for
good reason for lots of reasons. The breadth and depth of kids' books on
diversity effects how teachers can teach it and integrate it into
lessons and
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">curricula</span>.<br />
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It's important to get kids to read because reading is <b>THE</b> best single indicator of how well kids will do in school. You read to kids when
little (and even older) and their lexicon of familiar words soars -
which in turn helps make them more facile with language (receptive and
expressive).<br />
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Reading also opens worlds.The more kids read about history, about the
world, about differetypes of characters, people (even aliens,
monsters, and who-knows-what-else), the more the understand the world
around them. So of course books about <b>diverse</b> people, cultures,
and opinions are really important. What is really nice to see is that
kids with physical and mental handicaps are being added to the diverse
community. The more we read about what their struggles are like (and
how so many of them are in some ways just like others' struggles) the
better our kids will understand and empathize.<br />
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Educators, in fact have directly influenced the publishing community. In 1968, for example, shortly after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., Harriet Glickman, a Los Angeles teacher wrote to Charles Schulz regarding the lack of diversity and integration in <i>Peanuts</i> (the most popular comic strip in the country). As a result, a black character named Franklin was introduced into the comic strip that summer and would become a regular member of the Peanuts gang. For more on the 'hows' and 'whys' of Franklin's story, there's a wonderful post at mashable.com you should read (<a href="http://mashable.com/2014/11/26/franklin-black-peanuts-character-history/">"How a schoolteacher helped create the first black Peanuts character" by Christine Erickson</a>). <br />
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Here's the first episode that made comic strip history (found at <a href="http://mashable.com/2014/11/26/franklin-black-peanuts-character-history/">http://mashable.com/2014/11/26/franklin-black-peanuts-character-history/</a>):<br />
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<figure class="image"><span class="lightbox-expand for-lightbox"><img alt="Franlin-comic-July-31-1968" class="popout no-microcontent" data-caption="" data-credit-link="" data-credit-name="Peanuts copyright 1968 Peanuts Worldwide LLC" data-credit-provider="" src="http://rack.3.mshcdn.com/media/ZgkyMDE0LzExLzI1L2UzL0ZyYW5saW5jb21pLmEwYzhkLmpwZwpwCXRodW1iCTEyMDB4OTYwMD4/cabf451e/489/Franlin-comic-July-31-1968.jpg" data-width="2500" height="133" title="Franlin-comic-July-31-1968" width="640" /></span><br />
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Image: Peanuts copyright 1968 Peanuts Worldwide LLC</div>
</figure><figure class="image"><span class="lightbox-expand for-lightbox"><img alt="Franklin-comic-August-1-1968" class="popout no-microcontent" data-caption="" data-credit-link="" data-credit-name="Peanuts copyright 1968 Peanuts Worldwide LLC" data-credit-provider="Select" src="http://rack.0.mshcdn.com/media/ZgkyMDE0LzExLzI1L2Q1L0ZyYW5rbGluY29tLmQ3MzNiLmpwZwpwCXRodW1iCTEyMDB4OTYwMD4/51ad376a/6a5/Franklin-comic-August-1-1968.jpg" data-width="4570" height="135" title="Franklin-comic-August-1-1968" width="640" /></span><br />
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Image: Peanuts copyright 1968 Peanuts Worldwide LLC</div>
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<figure class="image"><span class="lightbox-expand for-lightbox"><img alt="franklin-comic-august-2-1968" class="popout no-microcontent" data-caption="" data-credit-link="" data-credit-name="Peanuts copyright 1968 Peanuts Worldwide LLC" data-credit-provider="" src="http://rack.0.mshcdn.com/media/ZgkyMDE0LzExLzI1L2U3L2ZyYW5rbGluY29tLmEwMjJiLmpwZwpwCXRodW1iCTEyMDB4OTYwMD4/7992e5aa/b96/franklin-comic-august-2-1968.jpg" data-width="4554" height="134" title="franklin-comic-august-2-1968" width="640" /></span><br />
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Image: Peanuts copyright 1968 Peanuts Worldwide LLC</div>
</figure>Adding Franklin, though, wasn't that simple (in a large part because Schulz was afraid it might appear patronizing and hurt more than help). I also know it's not simple for publishers today to put out the much needed books on diversity.That said, and to their credit, it's happening and the breadth of diversities is growing too. <br />
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For kids' graphic novels, the path has been somewhat more challenging because publishers were concerned the actual images of kids with disabilities might be too frightening for some kids and parents/teachers wouldn't support them. In fact, Raina Telgemeier's <i>Drama </i>(where twins 'come out' that they're gay). That said, <i>Drama</i> has been a New York Times Bestseller and its success is opening doors for other graphic novels on diversity. Here are a few that are worth notice:<br />
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<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/ABCcover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/ABCcover.jpg" border="0" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/ABCcover.jpg" height="200" width="139" /></a><i><i>American Born Chinese</i></i> by Gene Luen Yang is a 2006 National Book Award Honor Book for Young People's Literature, the 2007 winner of the Michael L. Printz Award honoring literary excellence in young adult literature, the winner of the 2007 Eisner Award, and a 2007 Bank Street Best Children's Book of the Year. In <i>American Born Chinese, </i>Gene Yang intertwines three stories - one of Chinese folklore about The Monkey King, one about a what it is like being Chinese in a predominantly white school, and the other about an assimilated Chinese boy. The best part is how these three stories meet at the end. For more on this graphic novel, suggesting paired readings, and teaching/discussion suggestions, please visit <a href="http://cbldf.org/2013/07/using-graphic-novels-in-education-american-born-chinese/">Using Graphic Novels in Education: American Born Chinese</a>.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a class="irc_mil" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCM-RkMPyjccCFQlyPgodjIoPUQ" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCM-RkMPyjccCFQlyPgodjIoPUQ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FDragons-Beware-The-Chronicles-Claudette%2Fdp%2F1596438789&ei=JOK_Vc_vCInk-QGMlb6IBQ&bvm=bv.99261572,d.cWw&psig=AFQjCNES5BLnFUgi9dHDg68a2Bfw9HtW-w&ust=1438724770749146" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img class="irc_mi" height="200" src="http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/61ctFrlixlL._SY344_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg" style="margin-top: 24px;" width="150" /></a></td></tr>
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<i>Boxers and Saints</i> by Gene Luen Yang was placed on the short list for the 2013 National Book Award for Young Peoples Literature This two-volume set tells the story of the Boxer Rebellion - each volume represents one side of the war: The converted Chinese Christians versus the rural peasants. For more on this graphic novel, suggesting paired readings, and teaching/discussion suggestions, please visit <a href="http://cbldf.org/2013/10/using-graphic-novels-in-education-boxers-saints/">Using Graphic Novels in Education: Boxers and Saints</a>.<br />
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<i>Dragons Beware!</i> by Rafael Rosado and Jorge Aguirre is about a girl who just wont fit the mold - she wants to get dragon who ate her father's leg and his legendary sword. As we read on, however, we realize that as usual, life (and in this case Claudette's quest) is not as simple as it seems. This book is wonderful fun about a spunky tomboy we cant help but love.<br />
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<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/dramacover.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/dramacover.jpg" border="0" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/dramacover.jpg" height="200" width="137" /></a><i><br /></i>
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<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/coverquote.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/coverquote.jpg" border="0" class="shrinkToFit" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/coverquote.jpg" height="200" width="132" /></a><i>Drama</i> by Raina Telgemeier While <i>Drama</i> has received numerous honors and starred reviews (YALSA's Top Ten Graphic Novel for Teens; NPR recommended it as one of the "Five Great Summer Reads for Teens"; Publishers Weekly Best Book of 2012; Washington Post Best Book of 2012; New York Times Editors' Choice and the Stonewall Book Award - to name a few) it was one of the most frequently challenged books in America in 2014. Strangely, while being challenged for being 'sexually explicit,' the story is set in a middle school and has no sex at all. The book, all about life in middle school has a diverse cast of characters and its story centers around the kids in the drama club. For more on this graphic novel, suggesting paired readings, and teaching/discussion suggestions, please visit <a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/04/using-graphic-novels-in-education-drama/">Using Graphic Novels in Education: Drama</a>.<br />
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<i>El Deafo</i> by Cece Bell is a 2015 Newbery Honor Book, it has received starred reviews from Kirkus Reviews and Publishers Weekly and is sure to win additional awards by the end of the year. It's a wonderfully empowering, warm and honest graphic memoir about how Ms. Bell lost her hearing, what it was like to learn to lip read, how she struggled to fit in while wearing a huge, bulky hearing aid, and how she ultimately found her super powers. For more on this graphic novel, suggesting paired readings, and teaching/discussion suggestions, please visit <a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/06/using-graphic-novels-in-education-el-deafo/">Using Graphic Novels in Education: El Deafo.</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.boom-studios.com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/b/o/boombox_lumberjanes_001_a.jpg" rel="lightbox[gallery]" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;" title=""><img border="0" src="http://www.boom-studios.com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/318x478/17f82f742ffe127f42dca9de82fb58b1/b/o/boombox_lumberjanes_001_a.jpg" height="200" width="133" /></a><a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2012/12/years-best-2012-non-fiction-or.html"><i><i>Little White Duck: A Childhood in China</i></i></a> by Na Liu and Andrés Vera Martínez is a collection of eight moving stories based on Na Liu's childhood in China during the 1970's and 80's.<br />
Na Liu's personal story of life in China in the 1970's.<br />
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<i><a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2014/12/how-to-find-ultimate-comicgraphic-novel.html">Lumberjanes</a> </i>by Grace Ellis, Noelle Stevenson and Brooke Allen is winner of the 2015 Eisner Award. It's about a diverse group of five friends, Jo, April, Mal, Molly and Ripley who are determined to have an awesome summer together despite the array of supernatural critters and bad guys who get in their way.<br />
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<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/cover.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="cover" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-16744" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/cover-204x300.jpg" height="200" width="136" /></a><i>March</i> by John Lewis, Andrew Ayden, and Nate Powell. It is a three book series. March chronicles Lewis life from childhood until the present and the role he and others played in the Civil Rights movement.For more on <i>March: Book 1</i>, suggesting paired readings, and teaching/discussion suggestions, please visit <a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-march-book-one/">Using Graphic Novels in Education: March Book One</a>. For more on <i>March: Book 2</i>, suggesting paired readings, and teaching/discussion suggestions, please visit<a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-march-book-two/">Using Graphic Novels in Education: March Book Two.</a><br />
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<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/51LGrM5dxoL._SY344_BO1204203200_.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/51LGrM5dxoL._SY344_BO1204203200_.jpg" border="0" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/51LGrM5dxoL._SY344_BO1204203200_.jpg" height="200" width="129" /></a><i>Ms. Marvel</i> by G. Willow Wilson and Adrian Alphona is a Marvel rebook where in this more modern telling, Ms. Marvel is Kamala Khan, a 16-year old Muslim girl from Jersey City, New Jersey. It is a modern twist offering fun and diversity for tween readers and beyond, is a finalist for the first Dwayne McDuffie Award for Diversity, YALSA's Top Ten 2015 Graphic Novels for Teens and YALSA's 2015 Quick Picks for Reluctant Young Adult Readers. For more on this graphic novel, suggesting paired readings, and teaching/discussion suggestions, please visit <a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/04/using-graphic-novels-in-education-ms-marvel/">Using Graphic Novels in Education: Ms. Marvel</a>.<br />
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As always thanks for your visit.</div>
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Please leave your favorite kids' book or graphic novel dealing with diversity in the comments.</div>
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<br />MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-80359124437605371632015-07-26T12:26:00.000-07:002015-07-26T12:27:57.997-07:00Cultivating Creativity<b>Creativity - Definition</b>:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<a class="irc_mil" data-noload="" data-ved="0CAcQjRxqFQoTCODhu9fB-cYCFcg1PgodOzUPGw" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCODhu9fB-cYCFcg1PgodOzUPGw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fkut.org%2Fpost%2Fwhy-creative-minds-think-alike&ei=kjK1VeDQKsjr-AG76rzYAQ&bvm=bv.98717601,d.dmo&psig=AFQjCNGSsHkWE8zkE2V8PkWjyJehwLE_Ow&ust=1438024717375231" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img class="irc_mi" src="http://mediad.publicbroadcasting.net/p/kut/files/201312/unleash-creativity.jpg" height="198" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="200" /></a> </blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"<b>[Creativity is</b>] the process of sensing problems or gaps in information, forming ideas or hypotheses, testing, modifying these hypotheses and communicating the results. This process may lead to any one of many kinds of products - verbal and nonverbal, concrete and abstract." <span style="font-size: x-small;">~ Paul Torrance (Scholar of creativity, developer of The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking)</span>.</blockquote>
<b>WHAT WE AS PARENTS/TEACHERS/STUDENTS CAN DO TO FOSTER CREATIVITY: </b><br />
<br />
<b>Observe and Collect Ideas to serve as Springboards for Further Development</b>: The best way to foster new ideas is to look around. What are people doing and thinking? How might you be able to take those ideas and observations and tweak them just a bit- tweak them in a way that adds or changes them?<br />
<br />
<b>Brainstorm</b>: In order to create and innovate, one must not only observe gaps, but redefine and reframe questions that help shape and direct original thoughts from existing ones. To do this, one often needs to find and/or create "safe" environments to bounce ideas off of others.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1x4vmwCA27sqmqtbgpFrCQJn3LwNLgHOH5XZQlr-f2m6w2KIfEDlH_6XIYFLGwbLd00HVdzVbzTK65C1cSlhMo32mOnXRu2D3hLo_ss9cS8kcXPyVZe0hfscNpQOQJ5zjwYG2STG5WOI/s1600/visualization.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1x4vmwCA27sqmqtbgpFrCQJn3LwNLgHOH5XZQlr-f2m6w2KIfEDlH_6XIYFLGwbLd00HVdzVbzTK65C1cSlhMo32mOnXRu2D3hLo_ss9cS8kcXPyVZe0hfscNpQOQJ5zjwYG2STG5WOI/s1600/visualization.jpg" /></a></div>
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<b>Learn how to Evaluate Resources and Take Risks</b>: Creativity involves learning how to connect with others, feel comfortable exploring, making mistakes, and learning both form additional resources and the mistakes we and others make. This in turn, further develops higher-order thinking, encourages collaboration, and allows us to brainstorm and grow.<br />
<br />
<b>Creativity in the Classroom/Home</b>: Here are some ways parents and teachers can foster and promote creativity at home and in the classroom:<br />
<ul>
<li>Encourage project-based learning - where kids search for, define, research and resolve "questions" or pressing issues they find in their world around them;</li>
<li>Encourage Creative Team Building by grouping and regrouping assignments with different partners so they learn how to create 'safe' thinking environments with many different partners.</li>
<li>Create 'safe' creative spaces to foster brainstorming, risk taking, and idea sharing. </li>
<li>Build in open-ended 'Brainstorming Time' into your curriculum.</li>
<li>Model creativity through creative, multi-modal lessons, discussions, and projects.</li>
</ul>
<b>Classroom/Home Resources</b>:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs5h1P0GDxXb-EMNI7GI7Zt9snQkAaIjSsnJWS_wJ76woDcsdPjq_ZF_More-YyOGHF7DcJ-ikUwQmxGYtpNOSjHWDm53J3jjaldRWm084g3YS50uE1W8IcIfDQF7cD1Y4I3JQlYqPXYk/s1600/thinking+cap.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs5h1P0GDxXb-EMNI7GI7Zt9snQkAaIjSsnJWS_wJ76woDcsdPjq_ZF_More-YyOGHF7DcJ-ikUwQmxGYtpNOSjHWDm53J3jjaldRWm084g3YS50uE1W8IcIfDQF7cD1Y4I3JQlYqPXYk/s1600/thinking+cap.jpg" /></a></div>
<ul>
<li> <a href="http://www.redjumper.net/bookcreator/">Book Creator</a> (for iPad, androids, and Windows - from redjumper.net) empowers
students (K-12) to create and share their own ebooks, PDFs and iBooks. This app gives students just enough options to
make it friendly for young learners and dynamic for older students.</li>
<li><a href="http://get-puppet.co/">Shadow Puppet Edu</a> (for iPads- from get-puppet.co) - empowers students (K-8) to create videos combining photos, videos, maps, narration, and music, and even overlay text drawn on the screen as a means of creating and relaying content information and creative story ideas.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.thinglink.com/app">Thinklink</a> (for iPhone, iPad and Android - from thinklink.com) empowers students to create greetings, interactive photos and slides by adding video, music, notes, and text to images and maps.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.pixton.com/ca/">Pixton</a> (for Macs, iPhones, iPads, Androids and Windows from pixton.com) empowers kids and adults to create comics, graphic novels, and sequential art stories and presentations. Pixton for Schools even has grading and assessment tools and has a 'record voice-over' option to enhance learning.</li>
</ul>
With all this in mind, I want to leave you with two things.<br />
<ul>
<li>Additional links (below); and </li>
<li>This zenpencil rendering of James Rhodes "Is that not Worth Exploring." In addition to providing means and channels of creative exploration, we have to model and inspire. Here's a clip that will hopefully inspire you to do just that (from <a href="http://zenpencils.com/comic/kevinsmith/">Kevin </a><a href="http://zenpencils.com/comic/kevinsmith/">Smith via ZenPencils</a>):</li>
</ul>
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<img alt="" src="http://cdn.zenpencils.com/wp-content/uploads/2014-10-24-kevinsmith.jpg" title="" /> </div>
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<a href="http://zenpencils.com/comic/kevinsmith/"> </a><br />
Additional links and resources:<br />
<ul>
<li>TED Talks/videos/articles on creativity: <a href="https://www.ted.com/topics/creativity">https://www.ted.com/topics/creativity</a></li>
<li>The Secrets of the Creative Brain - by Nancy C. Andreasen The Atlantic July/August, 2014:<a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/features/archive/2014/06/secrets-of-the-creative-brain/372299/">http://www.theatlantic.com/features/archive/2014/06/secrets-of-the-creative-brain/372299/</a> </li>
<li>On Music and our Brains: <a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2015/04/music-and-our-brains.html">http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2015/04/music-and-our-brains.html</a> </li>
<li>On finding inspiration: <a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2014/09/inspiration-gift-of-gifts-for-writers.html">http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2014/09/inspiration-gift-of-gifts-for-writers.html</a> </li>
<li>On Isaac Asimov's "Lifetime of Learning" <a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2015/04/on-ongoing-learning-zen-pencils.html">http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2015/04/on-ongoing-learning-zen-pencils.html</a> </li>
<li>Isaac Asimov's 1959 work on creativity: <a href="http://www.technologyreview.com/view/531911/isaac-asimov-asks-how-do-people-get-new-ideas/">http://www.technologyreview.com/view/531911/isaac-asimov-asks-how-do-people-get-new-ideas/</a></li>
</ul>
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As always, thank you for your visit.</div>
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Please leave your suggestions on creating creative moments, spaces, and opportunities in the comments below. </div>
MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-25827293730841195742015-06-29T18:43:00.004-07:002015-06-29T18:43:50.742-07:00YAHOO!!!! San Diego Comic-Con 2015<a href="https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTsI8Q-sOPaIvG2XJyfz7dkAczTXohsBG3CGhD0YqBQErGMY-mr" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Image result for san diego comic con 2015" border="0" class="rg_i" data-src="https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTsI8Q-sOPaIvG2XJyfz7dkAczTXohsBG3CGhD0YqBQErGMY-mr" data-sz="f" name="SgR6LE1lZNYYmM:" src="https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTsI8Q-sOPaIvG2XJyfz7dkAczTXohsBG3CGhD0YqBQErGMY-mr" style="height: 177px; margin-top: 0px; width: 285px;" /></a>San Diego's International Comic Convention - or "Comic-con" is taking place a bit earlier than usual. In two weeks, hundreds of thousand of pop-culture, television, movie, comic, and super hero fans will descend for swag, glimpses of the upcoming studio events, cosplay, and more.<br />
<br />
What's different this year?<br />
<ul><a href="http://static.comicvine.com/uploads/scale_super/0/6063/4656170-teen+titans+go.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://static.comicvine.com/uploads/scale_super/0/6063/4656170-teen+titans+go.jpg" height="200" id="imageSource" style="display: block; left: 39.5px; top: 0px;" width="177" /></a>
<li>There will be a free day on Thursday, July 9th at the San Diego Central Library where graphic novel creators, authors, illustrators, librarians and educators will spend the afternoon talking about reading, writing, and using graphic novels in the classroom.</li>
<li>There will be a free day on Saturday, July 11th at the San Diego Central Library where publishers will have panels open to the public.</li>
<li> While a handful of powerhouse Hollywood studios (including Marvel Studios and Paramount) will not be on the convention floor, there will be a larger presence for Warner Brothers and its unveiling of its DC Cinematic Universe, <i>Hunger Games: MockingJay Part 2, Scooby-Doo, Justice League: Gods and Monsters </i>(to name a few)<i>, </i>as well as sneak peaks for a host of new television series.</li>
</ul>
<a href="http://static.comicvine.com/uploads/scale_super/0/6063/4656168-supergirl.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://static.comicvine.com/uploads/scale_super/0/6063/4656168-supergirl.jpg" height="200" id="imageSource" style="display: block; left: 39.5px; top: 0px;" width="177" /></a><br />
<b>If you're there, come check out my five panels</b> (the two on Thursday at the library are open admission): <br />
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<b>THURSDAY, JULY 9TH</b> <br />
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<a data-ved="0CAcQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2015%2F06%2F29%2Fcomic-con-check-out-the-warner-bros-bag-for-the-100&ei=TueRVausIsu0-AHtm4HACw&bvm=bv.96783405,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNF3jQlM_nqC4-l2L2mg3_ngooXHiA&ust=1435711489574895" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px none; clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img src="http://assets1.ignimgs.com/2015/06/29/comic-con-official-design-jpg-d94577_765w.jpg" height="200" id="irc_mi" style="margin-top: 15px;" width="177" /></a><b><span class="event ev_1 ev_1_sub_34 ev_1_sub_18 ev_1_sub_24"><a class="name" href="http://comiccon2015.sched.org/event/d68efa578121bfed7f812751e0dc9257?iframe=yes&w=i:680;&sidebar=yes&bg=no" id="d68efa578121bfed7f812751e0dc9257">Content Literacy: Teaching History and Social Studies with Graphic Novels</a></span></b><span class="outer-links"><b>:</b> From
the Revolutionary War to current events, graphic novels pull readers
into history. Comics have been shown to improve reader engagement while
enhancing both comprehension and retention. And with the new emphasis on
reading nonfiction, academic vocabulary, and reading in the subject
areas, comics are more relevant than ever. Creators<b> Nathan Hale</b> (<i>Nathan Hale's Hazardous Tales</i>) and <b>Jonathan Hennessey</b> (<i>The United States Constitution: A Graphic Adaptation</i>), educator <b>Meryl Jaffe</b> (CBLDF <i>Using Graphic Novels in Education; Raising a Reader! How Comics and Graphic Novels Can Help Your Kids Learn to Read</i>), and moderator <b>Tracy Edmunds</b> (<i>Reading With Pictures</i>)
discuss the best in comics and graphic novels for teaching history and
social studies, including recommended titles and lesson ideas. </span>Thursday July 9, 2015 2:00pm - 3:00pm
<a href="http://comiccon2015.sched.org/venue/Shiley+Special+Events%2C+San+Diego+Central+Library">Shiley Special Events, San Diego Central Library</a>
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shows that comics and graphic novels are motivating, support struggling
readers, enrich the skills of accomplished readers and are a highly
effective tool for teaching challenging material in a more efficient
way. Educators <b>Meryl Jaffe</b> (CBLDF<i> Using Graphic Novels in Education; Raising a Reader! How Comics and Graphic Novels Can Help Your Kids Learn to Read</i>), <b>Ronell Whitaker</b> (Dwight D. Eisenhower High School, Blue Island, IL), <b>Eric Kallenborn</b> (Alan B. Shepard High School Palos Heights, IL), and <b>Tracy Edmunds</b> (<i>Reading With Pictures</i>), creator <b>John Green</b> (<i>Teen Boat</i>), and moderator <b>Tom Racine</b>
(host of Tall Tale Radio) will explore and explain the research behind
the comics in the classroom movement and what it could mean for the
future of the medium in the classroom.</span> Thursday July 9, 2015 3:00pm - 4:00pm
<a href="http://comiccon2015.sched.org/venue/Shiley+Special+Events%2C+San+Diego+Central+Library">Shiley Special Events, San Diego Central Library</a>
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FRIDAY, JULY 10TH:</h3>
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<a data-ved="0CAcQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comicvine.com%2Farticles%2F13-bag-designs-for-san-diego-comic-con-2015-reveal%2F1100-152754%2F&ei=4vGRVc7mAonj-QHemKOAAw&bvm=bv.96783405,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNF3jQlM_nqC4-l2L2mg3_ngooXHiA&ust=1435711489574895" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px none; clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img height="200" id="irc_mi" src="http://static.comicvine.com/uploads/original/0/6063/4656160-arrow.jpg" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="177" /></a><b><span class="event ev_1 ev_1_sub_3 ev_1_sub_34 ev_1_sub_24"><a class="name" href="http://comiccon2015.sched.org/event/cae666c8652c36144102b9a1de28d117?iframe=yes&w=i:680;&sidebar=yes&bg=no" id="cae666c8652c36144102b9a1de28d117">CBLDF: Comics and The Real World: Using Graphic Novels as Tools of Tolerance</a></span></b><a class="button button-link" href="http://comiccon2015.sched.org/?s=Meryl+Jaffe#.VZHsWqZX-b4"><span style="color: black;"><b>:</b></span></a><span class="outer-links"><b>Jimmy G</b></span><span class="outer-links"><b>ownley</b> (<i>The Dumbest Idea Ever, Amelia Rules!</i>), <b>Jonathan Hennessey</b> (<i>The United States Constitution, Gettysburg</i>), <b>Aron Steinke</b> (<i>The Zoo Box</i>), </span><span class="outer-links"><b><span class="outer-links"><strong>Cecil Castellucci</strong> (<em>Odd Duck, The Plain Janes</em>)</span></b>, <b>Eric Kallenborn</b> (Alan B. Shepard High School Palos Heights, IL), <b>Betsy Gomez</b> (CBLDF), <b>Tracy Edmunds</b> (Reading With Pictures), and moderator <b>Meryl Jaffe</b>, Ph.D. (<i>Raising a Reader! How Comics and Graphic Novels Can Help Your Kids Learn to Read</i>)
demonstrate how graphic novels can be used to teach and empower
students to feel, access and comprehend historical and cultural events,
as well as more fully understand diverse figures in history and fiction
and even grasp concepts in science and math. There will be lesson and
reading suggestion handouts and time for Q and A. </span>Friday July 10, 2015 1:00pm - 2:00pm
<a href="http://comiccon2015.sched.org/venue/Room+30CDE">Convention Center Room 30CDE</a><br />
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<b>SATURDAY, JULY 11TH</b>:<br />
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<a data-ved="0CAcQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comicvine.com%2Farticles%2F13-bag-designs-for-san-diego-comic-con-2015-reveal%2F1100-152754%2F&ei=LvKRVeWhGsy3-QHen4OACQ&bvm=bv.96783405,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNGcQYDR3bIoHy3ds2IYhxEBv9gOZA&ust=1435714461268623" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px none; clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img height="200" id="irc_mi" src="http://static.comicvine.com/uploads/original/0/6063/4656167-lucifer.jpg" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="177" /></a><b><span class="event ev_1 ev_1_sub_3 ev_1_sub_24"><a class="name" href="http://comiccon2015.sched.org/event/b9b5a1d41a1515e063351544abccaed1?iframe=yes&w=i:680;&sidebar=yes&bg=no" id="b9b5a1d41a1515e063351544abccaed1">Kids' Graphic Novel Burgeoning Frontier: Kids with Disabilities</a></span></b> <span class="outer-links"><b>Cece Bell</b> (<i>El Deafo</i>), <b>Doug TenNapel</b> (<i>Nnewts; Cardboard</i>), <b>Dave Elliott</b> (<i>A is for Autism; A1</i>), <b>John Shableski</b> (Udon Entertainment), <b>Talia Hurwich</b> (Johns Hopkins University Center for Talented Youth), and moderator <b>Meryl Jaffe</b> (CBLDF <i>Using Graphic Novels in Education</i>)
discuss the real-life heroes comics still need to embrace: kids with
disabilities. They'll evaluate how graphic novels are beginning to tell
stories about kids with disabilities, illness and handicaps, and how
others with great stories can be heard.</span>Saturday July 11, 2015 10:00am - 11:00am<a href="http://comiccon2015.sched.org/venue/Room+30CDE"> Convention Center </a><a href="http://comiccon2015.sched.org/venue/Room+28DE">Room 28DE</a>
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<span class="event ev_1 ev_1_sub_35 ev_1_sub_3 ev_1_sub_34 ev_1_sub_24"><a class="name" href="http://comiccon2015.sched.org/event/85356e86d5afadfca33a7e384ccde459?iframe=yes&w=i:680;&sidebar=yes&bg=no" id="85356e86d5afadfca33a7e384ccde459"><b>CBLDF: Comics in the Classroom: Real-World Ideas for Engaging Your Students with Comics </b> </a></span><span class="outer-links">Comics are more than just great entertainment, they're an incredible tool for learning. Creators <strong>Cecil Castellucci</strong> (<em>Odd Duck, The Plain Janes</em>), <strong>Nathan Hale</strong> (<em>Nathan Hale's Hazardous Tales</em>), <strong>Matthew Holm</strong> (<em>Babymouse</em>, <em>Squish</em>), <strong>Matt Phelan</strong> (<em>The Storm in the Barn, Bluffton</em>), and <strong>Dave Roman</strong> (<em>Astronaut Academy</em>, <em>Jax Epoch and the Quicken Forbidden</em>) and educators <strong>Rose Brock</strong> and <strong>Dr. Meryl Jaffe</strong>
discuss how comics can be used to engage students in the classroom. Get
real-world suggestions for ways to integrate comics in the classroom,
to expand on lessons with comic-based activities, and to encourage
student participation. They'll also have lesson and reading suggestion
handouts and time for Q&A. Moderated by CBLDF editorial director <strong>Betsy Gomez.</strong></span>Saturday July 11, 2015 12:00pm - 1:00pm
<a href="http://comiccon2015.sched.org/venue/Room+30CDE">Convention Center Room 30CDE</a>
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<a data-ved="0CAcQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2015%2F06%2F29%2Fcomic-con-check-out-the-warner-bros-bag-for-the-100&ei=TueRVausIsu0-AHtm4HACw&bvm=bv.96783405,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNF3jQlM_nqC4-l2L2mg3_ngooXHiA&ust=1435711489574895" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px none;"></a></div>
<br />
<figure data-align="right" data-embed-type="image" data-img-src="http://static.comicvine.com/uploads/original/0/6063/4656160-arrow.jpg" data-ratio="1.1293188548865" data-ref-id="1300-4656160" data-resize-url="" data-resized="" data-size="medium" data-width="1013" style="width: 1013px;"></figure>MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-16933815936635530012015-06-16T06:50:00.002-07:002015-06-16T06:50:46.673-07:00Wahoolazooma! What a Wonderful WorldIn honor of <a href="http://abcwednesday-mrsnesbitt.blogspot.com/">ABCWednesday</a>'s Round 16 "W" Week, this post takes a closer look at the<b><i> Beanworld</i></b> series by Larry Marder... <b>Wahoolazooma</b>!<br />
<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/cover1.jpg"><img alt="cover1" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-22264" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/cover1-201x300.jpg" height="300" width="201" /></a><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/cover2.jpg"><img alt="cover2" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-22263" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/cover2-201x300.jpg" height="300" width="201" /></a><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/cover3.jpg"><img alt="cover3" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-22262" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/cover3-216x300.jpg" height="300" width="216" /></a><br />
<blockquote>
“<i>Beanworld</i> is a weird fantasy dimension operating under its own rules and laws. <i>Beanworld</i>
is all about the affinity of life. All the characters, whether they are
friends or adversaries, understand that ultimately they depend on each
other for survival… It’s not just a place, it’s a process. It is what it
is — and th-that’s all folks.’” –Larry Marder, <i>Beanworld</i></blockquote>
<blockquote>
<i>“Beanworld</i> is an all-too-rare experience in
comics, or in any medium for that matter — a truly collaborative effort
between creator and audience. Stored in Larry’s deceptively simple
artwork is a treasure chest of ideas and emotion, waiting to be unlocked
by the reader. Our experiences and perceptions are the key that unlocks
that chest. But each of us has a different key and each key works in a
different way, leading us to a different treasure… It reminded me of the
joy of learning a new language, and how that joy had eluded me lately… I
can’t tell you what you’ll discover… But I guarantee that whatever you
find, it’ll be worth the search. –Scott McCloud Introduction to <i>Beanworld</i> Boston, MA Spring 1989</blockquote>
<br />
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<b>BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW</b><br />
<br />
The first issue of <i>Beanworld</i> was published in 1985, and the
series ran 21 issues until 1993. The series was revived in February 2009 and is now published by Dark Horse Comics in deluxe hardcover editions. <i>Wahoolazuma</i> (February 2009) reprinted the first nine issues. <i>A Gift Comes!</i> came out in July 2009, and a new one-shot comic came out in December 2008. A third hardcover volume, <i>Remember Here When You Are There!</i>
came out in November 2009, with all new material. Further volumes
are planned.<br />
<br />
Marder notes that his work has been strongly influenced by Marcel
Duchamp and this is obvious on many levels. This in itself is worthy of
lessons integrating art, history, and the art and magic of storytelling.<br />
<br />
The <a href="http://www.moma.org/collection/artist.php?artist_id=1634">MOMA</a> (Museum of Modern Art, NYC), which exhibits several Duchamp pieces, introduces Duchamp with the following excerpt:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
French painter, sculptor and writer. The art and ideas of Duchamp,
perhaps more than those of any other 20th-century artist, have served to
exemplify the range of possibilities inherent in a more conceptual
approach to the art-making process. Not only is his work of historical
importance — from his early experiments with <a href="http://www.moma.org/collection/theme.php?theme_id=10068">Cubism</a> to his association with <a href="http://www.moma.org/collection/theme.php?theme_id=10455">Dada</a>
and Surrealism — but his conception of the ready-made decisively
altered our understanding of what constitutes an object of art. Duchamp
refused to accept the standards and practices of an established art
system, conventions that were considered essential to attain fame and
financial success: he refused to repeat himself, to develop a
recognizable style or to show his work regularly. It is the more
theoretical aspects implicit to both his art and life that have had the
most profound impact on artists later in the century, allowing us to
identify Duchamp as one of the most influential artists of the modern
era. (Oxford University Press, 2009)</blockquote>
<br />
From the chapter “Larry Marder Building Bridges” in <i>Comic Book Rebels: Conversations with the Creators of the New Comics</i> (edited by Stanley Wiaterand and Stephen Bissette; Donald I. Fine, Inc., 1993):<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<i>Beanworld</i> is the exact opposite of most modern comics. The
artwork is really simple and the storyline’s quite complex. Most comics
have complicated artwork supporting very simple storylines… Obviously <i>Beanworld</i> works on two levels… like <i>Rocky and Bullwinkle</i>
the sense that there are many levels of complexity the reader can draw
from the story, but the surface level is accessible enough for children
to enjoy it, which is something that took me completely by surprise.</blockquote>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Larry Marder, <i>Beanworld</i></td></tr>
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<br />
Larry Marder’s <i>Beanworld</i>
looks at life with an unusual lens that allows us to reflect as well as
laugh at its perplexities, its challenges, and all its wonderful
quirks. Its packed panels offer readers a refreshing look at life, while the
playful language and illustrations teach us all about balance —
balancing the fun, balancing the love, balancing individuality and
community, and balancing responsibilities.<br />
<br />
What life’s ultimate secret
is, however, may be different for each of us, but it’s all here for us
to discover! That said, <i>Beanworld</i> is a combination of
pure fun with its wonderful world play (like “Hoka-hoka Gunk’l’dun,”
“<b>Wahoolazuma</b>,” Chowdown Time, and lots of goof-off days) and with its
fabled origins embedded in a tribal mythology. While it may take some
time to learn the specific language of Beanworld, the series is at once
deep as it is simplistic. It is fantasy, allegory, and real life. As the life, trials, and tribulations of Beanworld’s inhabitants unfold, we learn:<br />
<ul>
<li>How to balance diversity and individuality on a personal level, on a communal level, and on an ecological level;</li>
<li>How to keep personal interests and passions alive while meeting the
pressing responsibilities that come living in a self-sustaining
community;</li>
<li>How to be creative in variety of different ways:</li>
<li>How partnerships and teamwork are formed and used to the benefit of all;</li>
<li>How everything in life has balances, realizing everything has a cost;</li>
<li>How the healthiest communities and business deals are those where
everyone receives some benefit — even when there is some form of loss
involved;</li>
<li>How compassion and appreciation are more effective than violence;</li>
<li>How issues of parenting, conservation of resources, of diplomacy, and of supply and demand are best met openly and honestly</li>
</ul>
<br />
<b>SERIES SUMMARY</b><br />
<i></i><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Larry Marder, <i>Beanworld</i></td></tr>
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<b><i></i></b><br />
<b><i>Beanworld: Wahoolazuma!</i></b> introduces us to
the life, characters, and ways of Beanworld. Beanworld consists
of an island surrounded by the Thin Lake and supported (both literally
and figuratively) by the Four Realities (slats, hoops, twinks, and
chips), which Professor Garbanzo has learned to fashion into useful
tools. Below the Four Realities is the Bone Zone, followed by the Hoi-Polloi Ring Herd, and
finally, Der Stinkle. Every zone, being, and product plays an integral
role in this ecosystem.<br />
<br />
For most Beans in Beanworld, life consist of
“hunting” for Chow, which sustains them, and engaging in Goof-off Days
where they can pursue their individual interests and passions. A select
few, like Professor Garbanzo, Beanish, and the Boom’r Band have their
respective specialized jobs and don’t participate in Chow raids.<br />
<br />
The hunters or Chow Sol’jers are led by Mr.
Spook with his trusty Fork and a freshly-caught Sprout-Butt. This motley crew regularly jump into the Thin Lake and pass through the
Four Realities to the Hoi-Poloi. While
spears are flung at the smallest ring to distract and ultimately breach
the Hoi-Polloi ring surrounding their cherished Chow, the Chow-Pluk’rs
pluck the chow from under them. However, to guarantee some form of
balance and “fairness,” the Beans leave the new Sprout-Butt as payment
for the ‘pluck’d’ chow. We also learn, however, that the Beans and Hoi-Polloi are not
without other external challenges and threats.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/page4.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page4" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-22258" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/page4-214x300.jpg" height="300" width="214" /></a><b><i>Beanworld: A Gift Comes! </i></b>continues
the evolving Beanworld narrative with the birth of its next generation
of Beans, the Pod’l’pool Cuties,. In this volume, Mr. Spook must come to grips with the loss
of his Fork (destroyed by the Goofy Service Jerks). In this second
volume, we learn about childhood and child raising. We learn about Mr. Spook’s “problemed childhood” and how, with
the help of Mr. Teach’m (who raised him on a cloud), Mr. Spook was
mentored to be a hero. We also learn how Professor Garbanzo first
discovered the Four Realities, and we continue to see the benefits of
“the arts.” <br />
<br />
<b><i>Beanworld: Remember Here When You Are There! </i></b>is
described as the conclusion to Beanworld’s “Springtime Cycle.” In this
third installment of the Beanworld story, the plot and its characters
continue to bloom and grow. The Pod’l’pool Cuties are leaving their pool
and learning the ways of Beanworld. In his evolving love story, Beanish toils over his love song to
Dreamishness, and we see the long-awaited return of Heyoka (a Bean who
one day simply left), and the Big Fish (who first gave Mr. Spook his
fork). There are many more twink discoveries, and we learn more about
the past with hints of the future.<br />
<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Larry Marder, <i>Beanaworld</i></td></tr>
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<b></b><br />
<b>TEACHING/DISCUSSION SUGGESTIONS: </b>Note that more teaching and discussion suggestions can be found at <a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/05/using-graphic-novels-in-education-beanworld/">http://cbldf.org/2015/05/using-graphic-novels-in-education-beanworld/</a><br />
<br />
<b>Plot, Themes, and Values Related</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Discuss the individuality of each of the Beanworld characters and
how they work together (even when at odds) for the benefit of the Bean
society. Discuss and evaluate their relationships and interdependence.</li>
<li>Chart, discuss, and evaluate the different parables of life one
might garner from these three books, and the unimposing way they’re
presented.</li>
<li>Discuss and evaluate the Cycle of Life in Beanworld and how it does or does not relate to your community.</li>
<li>Throughout this series, while the various communities and cultures
coexist, there are threats and secrets. Discuss how these secrets may
threaten Beanworld. Discuss when and why it’s important to keep secrets
and when and why it’s important to divulge secrets. How does one
recognize those times?</li>
<li>Discuss and evaluate Mr. Spook’s dependence on his Fork. Discuss how
he comes to grips with its loss. Discuss what things your students come
to depend upon and how they might deal with their loss.</li>
<li>Evaluate the roles of art and music throughout the series. How does
it compare to the role of art and music in your school/community?</li>
<li>Discuss the pros and cons of Goof-Off Day.</li>
</ul>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Larry Marder, <i>Beanworld</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<b>Critical Reading and Making Inferences</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Throughout the <i>Beanworld</i> narrative, Marder makes references
to various cultural icons, characters, and events. Search, research,
and discuss these references. For example, many of the character names
carry references and innuendos, and in <i>Wahoolazuma</i> (p. 101), the Professor says, “Alas poor twinks, we know you not.” Discuss this reference to Shakespeare, compare its use n <i>Beanworld</i> and in the original, and evaluate who affective it is here.</li>
<li>When discussing the cycle of life on and under Beanworld, Marder
notes the Beans “steal but leave payment” when collecting their Chow
from the Hoi-Polloi. Discuss and evaluate the ethics and effectiveness
of this method of survival for both cultures. Is it okay? Are there
better ways to co-exist?</li>
<li>In <i>Wahoolazuma</i>, to learn from the Ho-Polloi, Professor Garbanzo challenges them to a riddle. One Hoi-Polloi says, “She’s gonna ask a <b>STUPID</b> question ‘cuz she’s a<b> STUPID</b>
bean!” Another asks, “How will we decide if it’s a stupid question?”
and the first answers, “If it has a stupid answer, of course!” Discuss
if there is such a thing as a stupid question. How does one define or
identify “stupid questions”?</li>
<li>Marder devotes a good part of <i>A Gift Comes</i> to the raising of the Cuties. Discuss and evaluate the Beans’ parenting and Cutie-raising techniques.</li>
</ul>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Larry Marder, <i>Beanworld</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>Language, Literature, and Language Usage</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Search and discover Marder’s wonderful wordplay throughout the
series. You may want to have students create their own additions to
Marder’s created language.</li>
<li>Identify puns, alliteration, invented worlds, and play
on words. You may want students to work on teams to search for these
gems, and then create some of their own examples.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<b>Cultural Heritage and Cultural Diversity</b><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Larry Marder, <i>Beanworld</i></td></tr>
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<ul>
<li>Following the warning, the narrator says, “Mr. Spook doesn’t
understand the WARNING SONG. Instead, he hears an awful insect
noise…TOTAL DIPLOMATIC FAILURE!” Discuss the diplomatic failure here,
and compare this example to examples from your communities, from
history, or from current events.</li>
<li>Discuss the social structure of Beanworld, and compare it to various social/cultural structures in our world today.</li>
</ul>
<b>Science and Technology</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Discuss and evaluate the Professor’s use of scientific method as she
investigates the forms, functions, and uses of the Four Realities. Then brainstorm, invent, and experiment to come
up with their own new Four Realities materials.</li>
<li>Discuss and evaluate the subtle and overt ecological messages throughout the narrative. What can we learn from <i>Beanworld</i>?</li>
<li>Discuss and evaluate the low-tech culture of Beanworld versus our
own modern hi-tech culture. What are the strengths and challenges of
each?</li>
</ul>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/page9.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page9" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-22253" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/page9-198x300.jpg" height="300" width="198" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Larry Marder, <i>Beanworld</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/page11.jpg"></a>Modes of Storytelling and Visual Literacy</b><br />
In graphic novels, images are used to relay messages with and without
accompanying text, adding additional dimension to the story. In <i>Beanworld</i>
Larry Marder brilliantly weaves story and background with image, and
emotions and insights through text, image, and design. Reading <i>Beanworld </i>together
with your students allows you to analyze, discuss, and learn how Marder
uses page and panels, text and images to relay complex messages. For
example:<br />
<ul>
<li>While the images seem simplistic, they carry tremendous depth and
detail. Evaluate and discuss Marder’s use of facial expressions and body
language to relay information.</li>
<li>Evaluate and discuss how very small differences (to hair, size,
face, hats, chips, arms and legs, for example) distinguish these
deceivingly simplistic Beans.</li>
<li>Evaluate and discuss how Marder uses chunky shapes and patterns in
his two-dimensional world that is altogether real and engaging.</li>
<li>Analyze how his choice of font, design, panel size and shape are all used to relay different character moods.</li>
<li>Marder also plays a lot with the borders of his panels. Discuss why
certain panel formats change when they change, and evaluate what this is
trying to tell the reader.</li>
</ul>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Larry Marder, <i>Beanworld</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>Suggested Prose, Graphic Novel and Poetry Pairings</b><br />
Relaying suggested paired readings is particularly challenging for <i>Beanworld.</i> <i>Beanworld </i>is,
as noted, a “most peculiar comic book experience,” and as Scott McCloud
notes of its thousands of readers, “all left thinking different
things.” As a result, suggesting paired readings is difficult because <i>Beanworld</i>
is appropriate for so many different readers from tweens through
adulthood. That said, for greater discussion on literary style, related
themes, similar characters and/or content here are some book suggestions
you may want to pair and read<i>:</i><br />
<ul>
<li><i>Bone </i>by Jeff Smith — a different series of engaging characters that reflect the wisdoms and peculiarities of life’s challenges.</li>
<li><i>Frederick</i> by Leo Leoni — a picture book (for the younger spectrum of <i>Beanworld</i> readers) about life and importance of the arts.</li>
<li><i>Watership Down</i> by Richard Adams — a timeless classic set in England’s Downs about the courage and survival of a warren of rabbits.</li>
<li><i>Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions</i> by Edwin A Abbott — a
delightfully different and equally “peculiar” reading experience of
residents of two-dimensional Flatland (teens and older).</li>
<li><i>The Giving Tree</i> by Shel Silverstein (all readers) — about a tree (much like Gran’Ma’Pa) who gives all it can give to one particular boy.</li>
</ul>
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WAHOOLAZOOMA!!!!! Give this series a try.</div>
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AND....As always, thank you for your visit.</div>
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Please leave your parting reactions in the comments below.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Larry Marder,<i> Beanworld</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b></b>MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-61435819936282059982015-05-31T15:12:00.001-07:002015-05-31T15:12:49.814-07:00BEA 2015: Unveiling Kids' Reads for Summer and Fall 2015<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://reblaura.files.wordpress.com/2013/08/fea_new-unveiling.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="fea_new-unveiling" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-6014" src="http://reblaura.files.wordpress.com/2013/08/fea_new-unveiling.jpg?w=300&h=206" height="206" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Image: theconfessors.wordpress.com</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
This past week, I spent three tantalizing days walking the aisles of New York City's Javits Center at BEA - Book Expo of America's 2015 Convention.<br />
<br />
This year BEA ran its convention from Wednesday through Friday, making way for BookCon which was open to the public over the weekend.<br />
<br />
BEA had 600+ authors autographing over three very packed days. They had Book and Author Breakfasts and a BEA Bloggers Conference packed with education, extreme networking and more. This year, Chinese publishers were featured exhibitors as they joined 996 other exhibitors. There were free "ARCs" (Advanced Reader Copies) of books to be published later this year, along with some great totes and fun swag.<br />
<br />
I focused on Kids' books and graphic novels, and through I'd share some news about some awesome looking reads coming out later this year for kids, young adults and older.<br />
<br />
Unveiling some exciting graphic novels featured at BEA:<br />
<br />
<br />
<div id="irc_mimg">
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<ul>
<li><b>Hilo: The Boy Who Crashed to Earth</b> by Judd Winick (to be released in September - for grades 3+) is about Hilo, D;J. and Gina. Hilo doesn't know where he came from or what he's doing on Earth but it seems he isn't the only "visitor." Together, Hilo, D.J., and Gina unlock the secrets of Hilo's past and as he tries to survive his first day of school and learns why going to school in only one's underwear is a bad idea.</li>
<li><b>Little Robot</b> by Ben Hatke - (to be released in September- for grades 2+) is the story of a girl who happens upon a box, opens it, and finds a 'baby?' robot. She helps him with is first steps, and like a baby duckling, the robot appears to bond to her. There are, however, forces that want to separate this team. This is their story.</li>
<li><b>Space Dumplins</b> by Craig Thompson (to be released in September) is fun graphic novels for young readers about a girl on a mission to save her dad. <br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<li><b>Sunny Side Up</b> by Jennifer Holm and Matthew Holm (to be released in August). This is a WONDERFUL, empowering graphic memoir with an important message and a must read for middle school readers.</li>
<li><b>The Golden Compass:The Graphic Novel Volume 1</b> by Philip Pullman, Adapted and illustrated by Stephane Melchior-Durand and Clement Oubrerie (to be released in September)</li>
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" 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For Adults - I saw a preview of <b><i>Trashed</i></b> (to be released November, 2015) a graphic novel by Derf Backderf that looked awesome. It is the story of trash collectors (Derf used to work as a sanitation engineer) and has plenty of snark, scoops of what it's really like out there, and some sobering facts about how we live and deal with waste. <br />
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Unveiling some exciting UNgraphic novels (or regular novels for tweens/teens and YA):<br />
<ul>
<li><b>Fuzzy Mud</b> by Louis Sachar (to be released in August) is a middle-grade novel that blends elements of mystery, suspense, and school-day life as a small group of students whose trip into the woods leads to a surprise encounter with 'fuzzy mud'. This substance poses health risks to the kids and their community as Sachar's cautionary tale addressing our insatiable hunger for energy resources unfolds.</li>
<li><b>It Came From Ohio! My Life as a Writer</b> by R.L. Stine as told to Joe Arthur and Susan Lurie. As R.L. Stine notes in the front, "Dear Readers: I had so much fun with this book, it's FRIGHTENING! I hope you enjoy y life as much as I have! Scary Best Wishes, RL Stine." That pretty much says it all by the author of <i>Goosebumbs</i> series.</li>
<li><b>The Marvels</b> by Brian Selznick (to be released September 15, 2015 grade 5+) is the wonderful story told with breathtaking illustrations and prose that covers three generations of sailors, of theatre and a family mystery that is finally revealed. <i>The Marvels</i> promised to follow in the footsteps of <i>The Invention of Hugo Cabret </i>and <i>Wonderstruck</i> with promises of much more! </li>
<li> <b>Illuminae</b> by Amie Kaufman and Jay Kristoff (to be released October 20, 2015) is an incredible science fiction 599 page romp that is the first in a series of three. I literally couldn't put this down (and am not an avid sci-fi can). The dialogue is crisp and snarky, the characters are wonderfully developed and the authors play with some incredible graphic design to help tell their story. </li>
</ul>
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" style="height: 201px; margin-left: -2px; margin-right: -2px; margin-top: 0px; width: 135px;" /><img alt="Image result for The Marvels by brian selznick" class="rg_i" data-sz="f" name="tw19X3NADRu1CM:" 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" 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" 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" 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That's it for now, I have other gems (<i>The Finisher</i> by David Baldacci, <i>I am Pricess X</i> by Cherie Priest; <i>The Last Kids on Earth</i> by Max Brallier; <i>The Unexpected Inheritance of Inspector Chopra</i> by Vaseem Khan, to name a few) but haven't vetted them yet. Maybe for "V" week at <a href="http://abcwednesday-mrsnesbitt.blogspot.com/">ABCWednesdays</a>, I'll have a few more wonderful books to unveil.<br />
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As always, I thank you for your visit.</div>
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Please leave your reactions in the comments below. </div>
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<br />MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-33548551170255639052015-05-25T18:17:00.003-07:002015-05-25T18:17:38.103-07:00Too Loud, Too Noisy, But They Don't Believe You? Three Apps to Help.<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Music, alarms, even honking horns help us navigate our daily lives. But too much noise or "noise pollution" can be harmful. Aside from simply being too distracting or simply irritating, too much noise too often can cause hearing impairment. Research has found that prolonged exposure to impulsive noise will damage eardrums and result in permanent hearing loss. Too much noise can also cause stress related illnesses, high blood pressure, sleep disruption and loss in productivity.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://eschooltoday.com/pollution/noise-pollution/what-is-noise-pollution.html">http://eschooltoday.com/pollution/noise-pollution/what-is-noise-pollution.html</a></td></tr>
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While we can't control all the noise around us, we can control the noise in our homes and classrooms. We can keep music volume down and we can help kids and family members develop their 'inside' voices.<br />
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Here are a few apps and websites that can help. <br />
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<a href="http://ipadapps4school.com/2014/04/08/too-noisy-helps-students-learn-about-conversational-voices/" target="_blank">Too Noisy</a> for ipad, iphone, and ipod shows "players" how loudly they are speaking. The app measures the
volume of the noise in a room and displays a meter indicating whether or
not the the room is too noisy. There is also an online version <a href="http://www.academyapps.net/toonoisyliteonline/">Too Noisy Online</a> that comes with a free "Lite" version available for iOS and android as well as a "Pro" version.<br />
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In the Pro version, when the noise level is acceptable, a happy, smiley face appears above the noise meter. When it is not acceptable, an audible alarm sounds. When it's way too loud, the App appears to shatter the screen. Note the alarm can be turned off, and the incident counter can be reset. <br />
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<img alt="Too Noisy Pro - screenshot thumbnail" class="screenshot clickable" data-expand-to="full-screenshot-0" itemprop="screenshot" src="https://lh4.ggpht.com/0o5SsiEA38u_76TsgKTOtqyMUuXw27D7ChQzdpkMZt9OClbtqkqArldwHj7suGbToqM=h310" /><img alt="Too Noisy Pro - screenshot thumbnail" class="screenshot clickable" data-expand-to="full-screenshot-1" itemprop="screenshot" src="https://lh6.ggpht.com/Dz4FMM4qw_023-4y1p7xfQzp7eMMtwJZ3c4c6CMa6bdpZJBAGmCLbxDmL9QupY11-16-=h310" /><img alt="Too Noisy Pro - screenshot thumbnail" class="screenshot clickable" data-expand-to="full-screenshot-2" itemprop="screenshot" src="https://lh6.ggpht.com/KzaILkQs2rSWD1P1BDV_Uuh3pM5liX2edR58IRetrrbNvG-Dzh5vA3GtKj-EcUdqp_6D=h310" /><img alt="Too Noisy Pro - screenshot thumbnail" class="screenshot clickable" data-expand-to="full-screenshot-3" itemprop="screenshot" src="https://lh4.ggpht.com/LOA1F6bls0ck1xxc6bZfV3Y1LrCDP9zOGNGEfy_pvd5yfGvep9uzdtisUf_DeuYZsTz5=h310" /> <br />
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<a href="http://bouncyballs.org/" target="_blank">Bouncy Balls</a> is a free tool for smartphones and computers that shows
students the volume of the noise around them by displaying a set
of colorful bouncing balls. The higher the decibel level goes, the
higher and more frequently the balls on the screen bounce. To use Bouncy
Balls simply go to the website, click "begin bouncing," and then click
the microphone icon to allow the site to access your computer's
microphone. And, if you don't like colorful bouncy balls, there are bouncing emoji (with loads of different expressions), bullbles and eyeball that bounce and react to the noise around them.<br />
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<a href="http://www.ictgames.com/calmCounter.html" target="_blank">Calmness Counter</a>
is similar to Bouncy Balls, although instead of colorful balls, cute emoji, calming bubbles, or funky eyeballs, it has a cool color-coded noise level meter. Like Bouncy Balls, Calm Counter is a website that activates your microphone and registers the room's noise level. The difference is that Calmness Counter
displays a dial meter to display the decibel level. It begins with a calm, bright gree which will move from green to yellow to ortange to reddish purple.
You can adjust the microphone input sensitivity directly on the Calmness
Counter screen.<br />
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<b><span style="color: #38761d;">Whether you're at home, having a yard party, or in school:</span></b> Projecting any tools for your students to see could
be a good way to help them understand the appropriate volume for
conversations, for "background" music, or for indoor and outdoor play.
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For more on noise pollution and noise solutions please visit:<br />
<ul>
<li><a href="http://eschooltoday.com/pollution/noise-pollution/what-is-noise-pollution.html">http://eschooltoday.com/pollution/noise-pollution/what-is-noise-pollution.html</a></li>
</ul>
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<li><a href="http://ipadapps4school.com/"></a><a href="http://www.freetech4teachers.com/2014/04/too-noisy-give-your-students-visual.html#.VWM1uqZX9II">http://www.freetech4teachers.com/2014/04/too-noisy-give-your-students-visual.html#.VWM1uqZX9II</a></li>
</ul>
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As always, thank you for your visit. </div>
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Please leave your own noise solutions in the comments below.</div>
MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-8473936965139534972015-05-05T03:44:00.000-07:002015-05-05T10:10:52.585-07:00Quandry Over Drama by Raina TelgemeierRecently, the American Library Association released its list of the
most frequently challenged books in America in 2014, and three graphic
novels were included: <b><i>Saga</i></b> by Brain K. Vaughan and Fiona Staples, for sexual content; <a href="http://cbldf.org/2013/06/using-graphic-novels-in-education-persepolis/"><b><i>Persepolis</i></b></a> by Marjane Satrapi) for its images of torture; and <b><i>Drama</i></b> by Raina Telgemeier.<br />
<br />
Strangely, while <b><i>Drama</i></b> was challenged for being “sexually explicit,” the story is set in a middle school and has no sex at all in it. Furthermore, <i>Drama</i> has received numerous starred reviews and honors:<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page11.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page11" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21870" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page11-202x300.jpg" height="300" width="202" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Raina Telgemeier, <i>Drama</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li>YALSA named it one of its Top Ten Great Graphic Novels for Teens,</li>
<li>NPR recommended it as one of the “Five Great Summer Reads for Teens”,</li>
<li>It was a Publishers Weekly Best Book of 2012,</li>
<li>A Washington Post Best Book of 2012,</li>
<li>A New York Times Editors’ Choice; and</li>
<li>A Booklist Editors’ Choice.</li>
<li><i>Drama</i> also received the Stonewall Book Award, and it is a top selling graphic novel in bookstores throughout this country.</li>
</ul>
<br />
The book has a diverse cast of characters, including a few gay teens
who either already knew they are gay or are slowly realizing it. That
said, Telegemeier treats this as a non-issue, and aside from a few
flirty kisses (one of Callie’s lands squarely on her crush’s cheek),
there’s little depiction of romantic contact between any characters.<br />
<br />
Given this confusion surrounding <i>Drama </i>and its inclusion on
ALA’s frequently challenged list, here's a closer look at it in this
post. Hopefully this will help teachers, librarians, administrators and parents
better understand how to use <b><i>Drama</i></b> in their homes, classrooms and libraries. (For a closer look at <b><i>Persepolis</i></b><i>, </i>please read “<a href="http://cbldf.org/2013/06/using-graphic-novels-in-education-persepolis/">Using Graphic Novels in Education: Persepolis</a>.”)<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>OVERVIEW</b><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page16.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page1" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21880" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page16-300x162.jpg" height="162" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Raina Telgemeier, <i>Drama</i><a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/04/using-graphic-novels-in-education-drama/"></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page21.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><i>Drama</i>, recommended for ages 9-14, is a fictional
story about seventh-grader Callie, who, like many kids her age, wrestles
with a pesky, snooping little brother while navigating middle school
friendships and crushes. The interesting thing about Callie is her
passion around being on the Drama Club’s tech crew and interacting with
her friends in the club. What makes this book so special though, is its
message to young girls. Specifically, what makes Callie happiest is not
being cool or popular or even winning “the boy.” Instead, it’s working
hard on her set ideas, becoming the best stage manager ever of the Drama
Club, and refining her voice, her vision, and her skills within that
role.<br />
<br />
<i>Drama</i>
is a funny feel-good book about navigating the trials and tribulations
of middle school. It emphasizes the importance of finding one’s voice as
well as emphasizing the need for teamwork and consideration. depicts
school-girl crushes and travails with humor and sensitivity, relayed
through her engaging text, wonderfully expressive characters, and her
colorful and engaging visual montages. The art conveys a sense of place,
touch, and feel. You can feel the red velvet seats and the pre-show
jitters and excitement. You can feel the tension, you can feel the
excitement, and you can practically feel the cannon’s wet confetti.
Finally, Telgemeier mixes humor, tension, confusion, passion, and fun as
she tells Callie’s story.<br />
<br />
<b>SUMMARY</b><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page31.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page3" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-21878" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page31-300x225.jpg" height="225" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Raina Telgemeier, <i>Drama</i><a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/04/using-graphic-novels-in-education-drama/"></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<i>Drama, </i>is set up like a play. It begins with an overture of
musical text flowing from panel to panel, ending with three characters
entering the stage. It has four acts that begin with the announcement of
this term’s play and continue with casting, directing, and preparing
for opening night. There is an intermission with guests
entering the theater as the stage crew works frantically to set the
stage, and then an entr’acte, leading into a fifth act, covering the
three nights of the play, and the final act, detailing the aftermath of
the play and its players.<br />
<br />
While set up like a play, and following
Eucalyptus Middle School’s Drama Club production of “Moon Over
Mississippi,” <i>Drama</i> is more about central character Callie and
her friends than it is about the play. We follow Callie as she navigates
her friendships and school crushes while creating a set worthy of
Broadway within her middle school’s paltry budget.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page41.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="j6206_drama_ENDS.indd" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21877" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page41-206x300.jpg" height="300" width="206" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Raina Telgemeier, <i>Drama</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
There are a lot of things that make this book special. For one,
Callie is true-to-life. She fumbles with her hair and checks her breath
before talking to Greg, one of her crushes. She later frets whether
Justin likes her and finds the courage to ask them out when he fails to
do it himself. Then, there are her passions. She <i>loves</i> stage
and set design and can’t wait to show Justin her favorite book of all
time, “published in 1932 and reprinted thirty-four times, it includes
photographs of Broadway sets and stage design from the nineteen-teens
and twenties.”<br />
<br />
Telgemeier’s
art is another special facet of this book. The art and text weave the
story, alternating between whether the art or text has the stronger
voice, while both are equally engaging. One outstanding example,
however, of Telgemeier’s powerful visual storytelling comes as Callie
shows Justin her favorite book. In the first few panels, Callie leads
Jesse to the book (as Justin checks out some manga). Taking it out of
its shelf, Callie hugs it, and in the next panel we see her and Jesse
walking into the book, sitting on the pages as if they’re sitting in the
sets themselves as the book, at least for Callie, becomes larger than
life.<br />
<br />
Then there’s Callie herself. Callie’s ability to be so swept away in
her passions makes her even more endearing and real. We love her
quirkiness, her focus, and her determination as well as her
vulnerability and cluelessness about boys. Finally, there’s her inner
strength that is so engaging, empowering, and refreshing. Callie speaks
her mind, and while often insecure and uncomfortable with certain parts
of herself, she’s fine with the fact that she can’t sing, she embraces
and follows her ambitions, and she never lets her relationships or
felled crushes diminish her confidence or her dreams.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page5.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page5" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-21873" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page5-300x210.jpg" height="210" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Raina Telgemeier, <i>Drama</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Finally,
there’s Telgemeier’s portrayal of diverse characters from the stage
crew — from geeks to the cool kids and jocks. There are kids of
different ethnicities and cultural heritages, and all of them,
regardless of color, background, size, or shape, are wresting with who
they are. This in part,is why a few characters’ discoveries or
realizations that they are or may be gay are such a non-issue. In fact
the characters’ announcements that they are or may be gay are the only
parts of the story in which there actually is no drama.<br />
<br />
In short, this is a coming-of-age story as a young teenager learns to
follow her passions, navigate friendships and crushes, and learns,
along with her friends and peers, how to feel comfortable within one’s
skin while embrace personal strengths, weaknesses, and quirks.<br />
In <i>Drama,</i> Telgemeier relays:<br />
<ul>
<li>How to follow one’s passions and ambitions with gusto and determination, not worrying how it might look;</li>
<li>How to put on a play from the stage crew’s perspective;</li>
<li>How to accept people who are different; and</li>
<li>How to navigate middle school friendships and crushes.</li>
</ul>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page6.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page6" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21876" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page6-300x188.jpg" height="188" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Raina Telgemeier, <i>Drama</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>TEACHING/DISCUSSION SUGGESTIONS:</b><br />
<b>Plot, Themes, and Values Related</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Discuss and chart the different themes Telgemeier presents in this work.</li>
<li>Discuss different types of friendships one might have with others.
Detail what it means to be a good friend. Discuss the challenges we have
in determining and maintaining friendships and why this is so
important.</li>
<li>Discuss different passions/hobbies your children/students may have
and how they might continue to pursue them. Discuss how it may feel when
those passions aren’t “typical” passions/hobbies.</li>
<li>Discuss the challenges of being an individual while belonging to a group.</li>
<li>Discuss the challenges of putting on a theatrical production,
working within limited budges while trying to create the best sets,
props and costumes possible.</li>
</ul>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page7.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page7" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21875" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page7-300x158.jpg" height="158" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Raina Telgemeier, <i>Drama</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>Critical Reading and Making Inferences</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Telgemeier uses text, image, expressions, body language, and
inference to let us know how and what her characters are thinking and
feeling. Chart and discuss how she uses and integrates these techniques.</li>
<li>Throughout the book, we see Matt on the periphery and at one point
(p. 62), Callie asks her friend Liz, “What is Matt’s problem?” What is
Matt’s problem? Why does he act the way he does, and how might he
resolve his problem? Why can’t Callie recognize his problem? What is
Matt’s role throughout this story?</li>
<li>Throughout the book, the characters grapple with insecurities and
anxieties. Chart and plot the insecurities and anxieties, and evaluate
how the different characters effectively or ineffectively deal with
them. Brainstorm more appropriate solutions.</li>
</ul>
<b>Language, Literature, and Language Usage</b><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page8.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page8" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21874" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page8-300x147.jpg" height="147" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Raina Telgemeier, <i>Drama</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li>Discuss how <i>Drama</i> is a cross between a book and a play
while being a graphic novel. What literary techniques does Telgemeier
use to create this feel?</li>
<li>After reading through “Moon Over Mississippi,” Callie comments on
how romantic the script is and how “audiences love a sentimental love
story.” Mirko, not quite sure about this, responds, “But what about
Shakespeare? His most successful plays were tragedies?” Continue this
discussion with your students. Evaluate what they think makes the most
successful plays and how sentimental love stories and Shakespeare’s
works fit into students’ interpretations.</li>
<li>Have students share their own stories of feeling different or their
stories of trying to fit in. Compare how the stories are told, and chart
the words used to relate their challenges and their feelings.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<b>Modes of Storytelling and Visual Literacy</b><br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page91.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a>In graphic novels, images are used to relay messages with and without accompanying text, adding dimension to the story. In <i>Drama,</i> Telgemeier deftly weaves story and background with image, text, and design. Reading <i>Drama</i>
with your students allows you to analyze, discuss, and learn how
Telgemeier uses page and panels, text, and images to relay complex
messages. For example:<br />
<ul>
<li>Evaluate how she visually and textually creates the feel of a play.</li>
<li>Evaluate and discuss how Telgemeier creates the feel of the theatre, of the players, and of the drama surrounding them.</li>
<li>Evaluate and discuss how Telgemeier uses facial expressions, panel
size and shape, and page design to create tension. For example, examine
pp. 15-17, as Callie realizes Greg was not at baseball practice as he
said he was.</li>
<li>Compare when Telgemeier uses a full-page single-panel splash versus
pages with multiple panels. Chart when she uses single-panel splashes to
emphasize key events or separate chapters and slow the reader down to
emphasize particular points of the story, and discuss how effective this
method is when storytelling with images.</li>
<li>Telgemeier discusses the importance of color both in the use of
contrasting colors to help characters stand out and in creating the
right mood. Research primary, additive, and subtractive color models.
Discuss how different colors evoke different emotions and how
complimentary and reciprocal colors can be used for different purposes
(see the resources below).</li>
</ul>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page101.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="j6206_drama_ENDS.indd" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21871" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page101-206x300.jpg" height="300" width="206" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Raina Telgemeier, <i>Drama</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>Suggested Prose Novel Pairings</b><br />
For greater discussion on literary style and content, here are some
prose novels about growing up, being a pre-teen/teen, and the challenges
of middle school and high school that you may want to read and pair
with <i>Drama</i>:<br />
<ul>
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page11.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page11.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2013/12/using-graphic-novels-in-education-smile/"><i>Smile</i></a>
by Raina Telgemeier — an autobiographical coming-of-age memoir in which
Telgemeier ruminates with humor and honesty on the tumultuous
challenges and perils of her tween years, from the trauma of falling one
night on her way home from a Girl Scout meeting and severely injuring
her front teeth to dealing with boys, earthquakes, and the true meaning
of friendship.</li>
<li><i>The Baby-Sitters Club</i> series by A.M. Martin, illustrated by
Telgemeier –- a popular young adult series about teenagers that has
been adapted into graphic novel format.</li>
<li><i>Diary of a Wimpy Kid</i> by Jeff Kinney — a series about a boy and his struggles in middle school.</li>
<li><i>No More Dead Dogs</i> by Gordon Korman — about theater productions gone wrong. The main plot revolves around a play based on <i>Old Shep</i> in which the ending has been changed to let the dog live.</li>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/03/using-graphic-novels-in-education-nothing-can-possibly-go-wrong/"><i>Nothing Can Possibly Go Wrong</i></a>
by Prudence Shen and Faith Erin Hicks — while for slightly older kids,
the characters in this book are a real and life-like as Callie and her
friends.</li>
<li><i>Hereville</i> by Barry Deutsch — about another strong-willed
girl who is Jewish Orthodox and is different from the other girls in her
community.</li>
<li><i><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/07/using-graphic-novels-in-education-chiggers/">Chiggers</a> </i>by Hope Larson — a young adult graphic novel about the friendships, fun, and foils of summer camp.</li>
<li><i><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/08/using-graphic-novels-in-education-amelia-rules/">Amelia Rules!</a></i>
by Jimmy Gownley — an empowering, heart-warming story about Amelia
Louise McBride, who moves with her mom to a small town in Pennsylvania
to live with her uber-cool aunt Tanner after her parents’ divorce.</li>
<li><i><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/04/using-graphic-novels-in-education-stuck-in-the-middle-seventeen-comics-from-an-unpleasant-age/">Stuck in the Middle: Seventeen Comics from an UNPLEASANT Age</a></i>
edited by Ariel Schrag — an anthology of comics by critically acclaimed
cartoonists who take a bitingly honest look back at their “awkward”
middle-school years, reflecting upon them with sensitivity and some
humor.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<ul>
</ul>
<br />
<b>ADDITIONAL RESOURCES:</b><br />
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ysWrqAMktc0">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ysWrqAMktc0</a>— a YouTube video promotion for <i>Drama</i></li>
<li><a href="http://wn.com/raina_telgemeier">http://wn.com/raina_telgemeier</a>
— a presentation that Telgemeier made at the 2012 National Book
Festival about her books and work that demonstrates how she works as she
tells her stories, with examples of real-life incidents from an
audience of students.</li>
<li><a href="http://goraina.com/">http://goraina.com</a> — Raina Telgemeier’s website</li>
<li><a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2013/01/color-casts-powerful-messages-learn-how.html">http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2013/01/color-casts-powerful-messages-learn-how.html</a> — a blog post on learning how to use color, with additional links and resources.</li>
<li><a href="http://char.txa.cornell.edu/language/element/color/color.htm">http://char.txa.cornell.edu/language/element/color/color.htm</a> — discussing color, value and hue, along with color illusions and psychological implications of color.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page91.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page9" class="aligncenter wp-image-21872" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/page91.jpg" height="200" width="656" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Raina Telgemeier, <i>Drama</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
As always, I thank you for your visit.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Please leave your thoughts, reactions, suggestions in the comments below.</div>
<ul>
</ul>
MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-71013849872991594252015-04-20T16:07:00.002-07:002015-04-20T16:07:12.563-07:00On Ongoing Learning : Zen Pencil's "A Lifetime of Learning" by Isaac AsimovIsaac Asimov (1920-1992) is probably best known for his contributions to science fiction, although his 500+ books covered fiction and non-fiction while entertaining, enlightening and influencing his varied fans and readers. While most noted for his science fiction (<i>The Foundation</i> Series, <i><i>The Three Laws of Robotics, </i>Nightfall, I Robot</i>), he wrote mysteries, fantasies, etymologies and pronunciation guides for technical terms, and non-fiction (mostly on astronomy but some covered Shakespeare, the Bible and mythology, general science, math, history and physics. His books have been published in 9 of the 10 major Dewey Decimal Classification categories. He was a professor of biochemistry at Boston University and then later.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="http://www.wordsonimages.com/pics/54284-o.jpg" src="http://www.wordsonimages.com/pics/54284-o.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Found at: http://www.wordsonimages.com/pics/54284-o.jpg</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Asimov was recognized by the 111th Congress, March 9, 2010 in <a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c111:H.RES.1055:">House Resolution 1055</a>,
"supporting the designation of National Robotics Week as an annual
event". The following passage appears in the text of the bill:"Whereas the second week in April each year is designated as
'National Robotics Week', recognizing the accomplishments of Isaac
Asimov, who immigrated to America, taught science, wrote science books
for children and adults, first used the term robotics, developed the
Three Laws of Robotics, and died in April, 1992: Now, therefore, be it
resolved..."<br />
<br />
The ZenPencil comic below was taken from a 1988 interview (which can be seen on <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1CwUuU6C4pk#t=279">YouTube</a>). In this interview, Asimov talks about learning and computers will empower people to learn anything "that strikes their fancy" about religion, population growth, the universe, and more. If you have time, here's a direct link to the interview.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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If not, skip past this and enjoy ZenPencil's wonderful rendering of an interview segment on computers and ongoing learning. [Note you can find this and more at: <a href="http://zenpencils.com/comic/asimov/">http://zenpencils.com/comic/asimov/</a>]<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image From: <a href="http://zenpencils.com/comic/asimov/">http://zenpencils.com/comic/asimov/</a></td></tr>
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Additional Asimov Resources:</div>
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<li><a href="http://www.asimovonline.com/asimov_home_page.html">http://www.asimovonline.com/asimov_home_page.html</a> Isaac Asimov Home Page with assorted facts, resources and links to his life, his works and honors.</li>
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As always, thank you for your visit.</div>
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Please leave your impressions and reactions or your own two-cents about ongoing learning in the comments below. </div>
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MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-20872397385320333182015-04-06T15:48:00.003-07:002015-04-06T15:48:55.697-07:00Music and our Brains<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a 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" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Image result for music and the brain" border="0" class="rg_i" data-sz="f" name="frljDYphcBLmxM:" 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" style="height: 181px; margin-top: 0px; width: 151px;" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Found at <span class="_r3"><a class="_ZR irc_hol" data-ved="0CAYQjB0" href="http://www.personal.psu.edu/afr3/blogs/siowfa13/2013/09/music-to-mybrain.html"><span class="irc_ho" dir="ltr">www.personal.psu.edu</span></a></span><span class="_r3 irc_msc"><a class="_ZR irc_msl" data-i="1" data-ved="0CAgQhxw" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=music+and+the+brain&sa=X&tbm=isch&tbs=simg:CAQSpgEJfrljDYphcBIakQELELCMpwgahwEKOggCEhTiDcMKxgqCGu4SjwqFEfYS1BCPExogCB-3XJdorFNwNdv-nyxLuYFiLdm_1Bge0qsYKlO_1i6zwKSQgDEhPdATuVF98BnwaxHcYSpgq0BrYQGjBdkpi65k9hVQkvHLfq2E8q_10SAgNi_1N1V7EP9KpLSovi_1ouul4jFVzULeqfxf13tsMIc5TOUI45qyE"><span class="irc_idim"></span></a></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
“Without music, life would be a mistake” --Friedrich Nietzsche</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
While we all know we love music, here are some infographics and research facts (from resources listed below) to support and explain why. Note that as the infographics (especially "The Psychology of Music" by the University of Florida) may be difficult to read, I've included some of the highlights below:</div>
<ul>
<li>Music involves more parts of the brain than any other function that people perform. Listening and playing music involves processing tonality (see "The Psychology of Music" Infographic by the </li>
<li>Listening to music has been found to improve language skills, creativity, speed healing, increase optimism, decrease pain and has been helpful in treating patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Sydromes, Tourettes and Austism.</li>
<li>Specific brainwave rhythms are associated with specific emotional and cognitive outcomes.</li>
<ul>
<li> <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304394009003279" target="_blank">One study</a> showed that after
hearing a short piece of music, participants were more likely to
interpret a neutral expression as happy or sad, to match the tone of the
music they heard. This also happened with other facial expressions, but was most notable for those that were close to neutral.</li>
<li>It turns out that <b>a <a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/665048" target="_blank">moderate noise level</a> </b>is the sweet spot for creativity because moderate noise levels increase processing difficulty which in turn promotes abstract processing, leading to higher creativity. When we work at process things with moderate levels of difficulty, we resort to more creative approaches. However, with high noise levels, creative thinking is impaired
because we’re overwhelmed struggling to process information
efficiently.</li>
</ul>
<li>Students taking courses in music performance and music appreciation scored higher on tests than students who did not.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="The Psychology of Music " class="unveil-processed" src="http://thumbnails.visually.netdna-cdn.com/the-psychology-of-music_510e25927e035_w525.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Found at: <a href="http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-02/your-brain-music-infographic">http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-02/your-brain-music-infographic</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<header><div class="body prose twelve columns" itemprop="body">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="http://blog.loogguitars.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/yourkidsbrainonmusic1.png" class="shrinkToFit transparent" height="616" src="http://blog.loogguitars.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/yourkidsbrainonmusic1.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="788" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From: <a href="http://blog.loogguitars.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/yourkidsbrainonmusic1.png">http://blog.loogguitars.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/yourkidsbrainonmusic1.png</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<b>In another study (with infographic):</b><br />
It was found that learning to play a musical instrument is useful in more ways than we might
expect. <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0003566" target="_blank">One study</a> showed that children with three or more years of instrument training performed
better in auditory
discrimination abilities and fine motor skills than those who didn’t.<br />
<br />
<br />
<figure class="inline-large inline">
<img alt="" src="http://b.fastcompany.net/multisite_files/fastcompany/imagecache/inline-large/inline/2013/12/3022942-inline-i-3-music-and-our-brains.png" />
</figure>
They also tested better on vocabulary and nonverbal reasoning
skills, involving understanding and analyzing visual information, such as identifying relationships, similarities and differences between shapes and patterns.</div>
</header><br />
<br />
Additional Resources:<br />
<ul>
<li> Infographic on how our brains use/interpret music: <a href="http://blog.loogguitars.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/yourkidsbrainonmusic1.png">http://blog.loogguitars.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/yourkidsbrainonmusic1.png</a></li>
<li>Research and science of the brain and music: <a href="http://www.fastcompany.com/3022942/work-smart/the-surprising-science-behind-what-music-does-to-our-brains">http://www.fastcompany.com/3022942/work-smart/the-surprising-science-behind-what-music-does-to-our-brains</a></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: center;">
As always, thanks for your visit.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Please leave your own experiences and insights on music and the brain in the comments below. </div>
MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-50956992305091909842015-03-31T06:16:00.003-07:002015-03-31T09:22:22.366-07:00Looking at "March: Book 2" by John Lewis, Andrew Aydin and Nate Powell<a href="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Image result for march book two" border="0" class="rg_i" data-sz="f" name="XrvdXk7-CwjHEM:" 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" style="height: 180px; margin-top: 0px; width: 124px;" /></a>In February, as part of our celebration of Black History Month, I reviewed and posted lesson suggestions <b><i><a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-march-book-two/">March: Book Two</a> </i></b>by
John Lewis, Andrew Aydin, and Nate Powell (Top Shelf, 2015) in my "<a href="http://cbldf.org/?s=using+graphic+novels+in+education">Using Graphic Novels in Education</a>" column for Comic Book Legal Defense Fund (CBLDF). Here is an abridged version. For those who want it all, please see my column, "Using Graphic Novels in Education: March Book Two" for CBLDF (The Comic Book Legal Defense Fund) website (at: <a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-march-book-two/">http://cbldf.org/2015/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-march-book-two/</a>). <br />
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<a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-march-book-two/"><i>March: Book Two</i></a> is the second volume of Representative John
Lewis’s graphic novel memoir, co-written with his aide Andrew Aydin and
illustrated by Nate Powell. <a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-march-book-one/"><i>March: Book One</i></a>
was a critically acclaimed bestseller and received the 2013 Coretta
Scott King Honor Book Award from the American Library Association and
was named one of the best books of 2013 by <i>USA Today, The Washington
Post, Publishers Weekly, Library Journal, School Library Journal,
Kirkus Reviews, The Horn Book, Comics Alliance</i>, and others. <i>Book Two </i>promises equal success<i>. </i><br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page1.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page1" class="alignright wp-image-20926 size-medium" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page1-201x300.jpg" height="300" width="201" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">March: Book Two (Top Shelf)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-march-book-two/"><i>March: Book Two</i></a> details the real-life heroes of the 1960s,
from the Civil Rights leaders of SNCC and the SCLC to the black and
white protesters who risked life and limb for what was right. In <i>Book Two</i>,
Lewis’s story continues with the events that took place on November 10,
1960, in Nashville, Tennessee, as “…our young organization had
successfully ended segregation at the lunch counters downtown and turned
its attention to fast food restaurants and cafeterias using the same
strategy.” It then continues with events that took place in the South
between 1960 -1963, culminating with the March on Washington on August
28, 1963.<br />
<br />
<b>BOOK OVERVIEW</b><br />
<i>March: Book Two </i>begins with the SNCC’s success at
integrating lunch counters in Nashville and their plans to go further.
Through Lewis’s recollections, Aydin’s direction, and Powell’s art, we
literally become active viewers as the following events unfold:<br />
<ul>
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page14.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a>
<li>Nashville’s nonviolent protests trying to enter movie theaters;</li>
<li>CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) sponsored Freedom Ride to demonstrate how effectively the Supreme Court Decision of <i>Boynton v. Virginia</i>
— which outlawed segregation and racial discrimination in busses and
bus terminals in the previous year — was being upheld (or not);</li>
<li>SNCC (Student Nonviolence Coordinating Committee)’s “Operation Open City,” designed to promote free employment practices;</li>
<li>SNCC’s decision (after discussions with Attorney General Robert Kennedy) to register Black voters;</li>
<li>SNCC’s change in leadership and conflicts over tactics;</li>
<li>Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s SCLS Birmingham Campaign; and</li>
<li>the March on Washington on August 28, 1963</li>
</ul>
In <i>Book Two</i>, we also meet some wonderful — and not-so-wonderful — people. Civil Rights leaders highlighted in this volume include:<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page14.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page14" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-20913" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page14-300x211.jpg" height="211" width="300" /></a><br />
<ul>
<li>Attorney General Robert Kennedy and his aide, John Seigenthaler (to whose memory the book is dedicated);</li>
<li>Bayard Rustin, organizer of the March on Washington;</li>
<li>The Big Six:
<ul>
<li>A. Philip Randolph (founder of The Brotherhood of the Sleeping Car Porters and influential Civil Rights and Labor organizer),</li>
<li>Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.,</li>
<li>Roy Wilkins of the NAACP,</li>
<li>Jim Farmer of CORE,</li>
<li>Whitney Young of the Urban League, and</li>
<li>John Lewis of SNCC.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page2.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page2" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20925" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page2-300x166.png" height="166" width="300" /></a></div>
<i>March: Book Two</i> is beautifully written and illustrated. We
read, see and feel, the tension in the South and in Washington as events
unfold. As Lewis and Aydin narrate Lewis’s story, the power of these
events and the tumultuous emotions and reactions they evoked are relayed
through Powell’s powerful images. Lewis’s decision to tell his story in
graphic novel form is used here to his advantage. The interplay of
language, art, and design (choice of panel, font, and use of space) make
the story come alive. As readers, we literally feel like we are there,
observing, hurting, feeling, and cheering our heroes on.<br />
<br />
The language alone is worthy of discussion (see below for details).
The story weaves back and forth almost effortlessly between events of
the 1960s and the historic inauguration of Barak Obama. Lewis shares
famous quotes and snippets of speeches, while relaying his story with
quotes, metaphors, and descriptions. The art and page design are
instrumental in weaving the story pieces together as a whole and making
this tumultuous period in our history come alive.<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page9.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page9" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-20919" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page9-300x300.jpg" height="300" width="300" /></a>In <i>March: Book Two</i>,
Powell’s deftly uses black and white contrast, sharp angles, and
fonts to relay violent emotions. This is then paired and contrasted with
soft, sloping grays for the gentler intervals. We see Black and White
protesters treated with equal respect and drawn with soft rounded
strokes, while White Southern agitators and Ku Klux Klan members are
drown in chilling, brutal, angular strokes. There are beautiful
wide-angle shots establishing historic locations, and extensive use of
black and white juxtapositions to relate Lewis’s personal turmoil and
the drama of these famous and infamous events. Lewis, Aydin, and Powell
relay the story in visual and verbal metaphors that are breathtaking.<br />
<br />
Finally, while Lewis introduces us to the giants of the Civil Rights
Movement, he never loses touch with the fact that the real heroes were
those who sacrificed their goals, their times, and sometimes their lives
to advance civil rights. Furthermore, while Lewis was a key player, he
modestly downplays his own role in the events. As a result, the book
feels real and we feel like we are there with the participants, looking
on and urging them forward.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page14.jpg"><br /></a>
<b>In short</b>,
Lewis’ story is told through gentle narration and vibrant art in a way
that empowers us to relive it with him. As a result, readers better
understand the social unrest of the early 1960s, the growing pains of
the Civil Rights Movement, and the increasing need of coordination among
local, state, and federal governments to address these issues.<br />
Throughout <i>March: Book Two</i>, Lewis, Aydin, and Powell relay:<br />
<ul>
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page13.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page13" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-20914" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page13-204x300.jpg" height="300" width="204" /></a>
<li>The effects of segregation and the painful and all-too-gradual upheaval of the Jim Crow laws in 1960s;</li>
<li>The power and struggles of social gospel and non-violent protest in times of civic unrest;</li>
<li>The growing pains of the Civil Rights Movement, during which some
wanted to meet violence with violence, forgoing their earlier nonviolent
dictum;</li>
<li>The fights fought and barriers overcome by Black and White champions of the Civil Rights;</li>
<li>The power of the peoples’ voice in a democratic republic;</li>
<li>The powers and limits of local and national government, especially in times of civic unrest;</li>
<li>The different ways people find the courage to stand up and fight for their rights;</li>
<li>The power words can have, be they in print or oratory, as well as
the power image can play in communicating passions, events, and
perspectives.</li>
</ul>
<b>TEACHING/DISCUSSION SUGGESTIONS:</b><br />
<b></b><br />
<ul>
<li>Chart the progress of the Civil Rights movement through <i>March Book One </i>and<i> Book Two. </i>Discuss:
<ul>
<li>What was gained?</li>
<li>What was lost?</li>
<li>What were the costs to states/cities/individuals?</li>
<li>What were the pivotal decisions made that helped shape the changing political and social landscapes?</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page4.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page4" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-20923" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page4-300x173.jpg" height="173" width="300" /></a>
<li>Research the Supreme Court Decision in <i>Boynton v. Virginia</i>. Compare Lewis’ account to accounts found in newspapers and magazines of the time.</li>
<li>Research and discuss CORE’s Freedom Ride. (See below for links to relevant resources.) Discuss:
<ul>
<li>What participants went through just to get there;</li>
<li>Different ways people reacted and reported this incident (newspapers, magazines, personal accounts).</li>
<li>What were some of the social and political issues that city officials faced as the Riders approached their jurisdiction?<b><br />
</b></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Research, present and discuss the lives and roles of the Civil Rights Movement leaders mentioned in this book:
<ul>
<li>James Farmer (CORE);</li>
<li>Freedom Riders: Joe Perkins, Jim Peck, Elton Cox, Dr. Walter
Bergman, Jimmy McDonald, Charles Person, Ed Blankenheim, Genevieve
Hughes, Albert Bigelow, Hank Thomas, Paul Brooks, Jim Swerg, and Salynn
McCollum;</li>
<li>Attorney General Robert Kennedy;</li>
<li>Robert Kennedy’s aide, John Seigenthaler (to whom the second book was dedicated);</li>
<li>Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.;</li>
<li>Ralph Abernathy and his First Baptist Church;</li>
<li>Fred Shuttleworth;</li>
<li>Stokely Charmichael;</li>
<li>A. Philip Randolph, founder of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters;</li>
<li>Roy Wilkins of the NAACP;</li>
<li>Whitney Young of the Urban League;</li>
<li>Malcolm X;</li>
<li>Bayard Rustin.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Research, present, and discuss the lives and roles of those who violently opposed the Civil Rights Movement:
<ul>
<li>Eugene “Bull” Connor;</li>
<li>Alabama Governor John Patterson;</li>
<li>Alabama Governor George Corley Wallace, Jr.;</li>
<li>Fred Jones, Superintendent Mississippi State Penitentiary (a.k.a. “Parchman Farm”);</li>
<li>Mississippi Governor, Ross Barnett (1960 – 1964);</li>
<li>South Carolina Senator Storm Thurmond;</li>
<li>the Ku Klux Klan.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Research, present, and discuss the different sides of the following
events that shaped the Civil Rights Movement. Discuss how each shaped
and affected the world around them:
<ul>
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page12.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page12" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20915" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page12-300x300.jpg" height="300" width="300" /></a>
<li>Theater protests in the 1960s;</li>
<li>CORE’s Freedom Ride;</li>
<li>The trial of E.H. Hurst, member of the Mississippi State Legislature
who shot a local black farmer named Herbert Lee, and the resulting
protest led by Bob Moses, Charles McDew, and Bob Zellner;</li>
<li>The summer protest at the swimming pool in Cairo, Illinois, and the
powerful photograph taken for the SNCC by Danny “Dandelion” Lyon;</li>
<li>Protest march at Zion Hill Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama, on
April 12, 1963, which was led by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and led to
his imprisonment and his “Letter from Birmingham Jail”;</li>
<li>Jim Bevel and the SCLC’s Birmingham Children’s March on May 2-3, 1963.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Read, evaluate and debate the merits and demerits of President
Kennedy’s Civil Rights Bill, keeping in mind the social and political
environments in which is was proposed.</li>
<li>Read, evaluate, compare, and contrast the six speeches made at the March on Washington</li>
</ul>
<b>Cultural Diversity, Civic Responsibilities, and Social Issues</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Analyze how the book’s different characters dealt with racism. Ask
students how they might deal with racist comments, practices and
restrictions.</li>
<li>Discuss what it must have felt like to be excluded from busses, shops, and from receiving community services.</li>
<li>Discuss different options and means of protest. How have these
options changed today, if at all, compared to the options Lewis and his
colleagues had in the 1960s?</li>
<li>Research, present, and discuss the personal backgrounds, public
struggles, and the articles and speeches of local and national figures
of the Civil Rights Movement.</li>
<li>Define and discuss “racism.”
<ul>
<li>Discuss the different instances of discrimination and racism
presented throughout the book. Discuss instances of racism today on
local, national, and international scenes.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>How is racism the same / different across time and geographic locations (nationally and / or internationally)?</li>
<li>How has racism changed today, if at all?
<ul>
<li>Discuss how hurtful racism can be to those targeted as well as to the general population.</li>
<li>Discuss how racism has influenced, shaped, and determined national and international policies and politics.</li>
<li>Discuss what can be done today to fight racism and discrimination and ways students can help.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>On pages 96-97, Lewis notes that, “Racism in Mississippi was different than in Alabama… They tried to <b>hide</b>
the open violence that was so publicly allowed to take place in
Birmingham, Montgomery and elsewhere… Instead, much of the means of
enforcing segregation came through economic and political pressure
organized by a group called the White Citizens’ Council. Sort of like a
businessman’s Ki Klux Klan.”
<ul>
<li>Research and compare the incidents and strategies of the White Citizen’s Council versus the Ku Klux Klan.</li>
<li>Debate the effectiveness or the destructive qualities of each.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>On page 109, as the Freedom Ride campaign continued, Lewis writes,
“By the end of the summer, dozens more busses carried the nation’s
daughters and sons into the heart of the Deep South to carry on the work
we began. The fare was paid in blood, but the Freedom Rides stirred the
national consciousness and awoke the hearts and minds of a generation…
We were becoming a national movement.” Discuss how and why national
movements “become.”</li>
<li>On page 114, Lewis notes that, “No state showed us what we were up
against more than Mississippi. Nearly 90% of the state’s black families
lived below the poverty line, and only 5% of eligible black voters were
registered….” Research and compare:
<ul>
<li>The populations of various Black and White populations in Southern states in the 1960s and now.</li>
<li>The populations and proportions of Black and White populations in Southern States that were registered voters.</li>
<li>Discuss if / how things have changed and why / why not.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Toward the end of the book, at the March on Washington, many had
issues with Lewis’ original speech. As a result, he was pressured to
cut out passages he felt quite passionate about. Discuss and debate the
needs of compromise in public offices and speeches as well as in
legislation.</li>
</ul>
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<b>Language, Literature, and Language Usage</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Search for, define, and discuss the book’s use of idioms, hyperbole,
and simile to better express opinions, feelings, and cultural
expressions. Discuss how effective they are in communicating a specific
message or a specific point in time. For example, you may want to
discuss:
<ul>
<li>On pages 6-7, as the U.S. House Representatives line up for
President Obama’s inauguration (2009), a colleague approaches John
Lewis, telling him he should hurry to get to the front, and John Lewis
replies, “There’s no need to hurry, I’ll end up where I need to be.”
This then segues into Lewis’ past. Discuss the use of text and image to
create this metaphor.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>On page 91, Lewis recounts Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s statement
when explaining why he would not be joining the Freedom Riders, “…I
think I should choose the time and the place of my Golgotha.”</li>
<li>On page 99, “Parchman (Farm, Mississippi State Penitentiary) was the
stuff of legends — dark legends. 21,000 acres of bullwhip-wielding
guards and human bondage.”</li>
<li>On page 109, as the Freedom Ride campaign continued, Lewis writes,
“By the end of the summer, dozens more busses carried the nation’s
daughters and sons into the heart of the Deep South to carry on the work
we began. The fare was paid in blood, but the Freedom Rides stirred the
national consciousness and awoke the hearts and minds of a generation…
We were becoming a national movement.”</li>
<li>On pages 140-141, in President Kennedy’s address, Lewis notes, “…The
events in Birmingham and elsewhere have so increased the cries for
equality that no city or state legislative body can prudently ignore
them. The fires of frustration and discord are burning…It is time to
act… A great change is at hand, and our task — our obligation — is to
make that revolution, that change peaceful and constructive for all.”</li>
<li>On page 171, in his March on Washington speech, Lewis notes, “By the
force of our demands, our determination, and our numbers, we shall
splinter the segregated South into a thousand pieces, and put them
together in the image of God and democracy…”</li>
<li>On page 172, Lewis notes about Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s speech,
“His words carried through the air like arrows… moving to a climactic
refrain the world would never forget.”</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Compare and contrast the language used in the various speeches given at the March on Washington August 28, 1963.</li>
<li>Have students collect family stories (oral, written, and / or
photographed) of the 1960s and the Civil Rights Movement, marches, and
protests, and / or stories of racism and segregation. [Note there were
and still are incidents of racism and segregation experienced by
minority and immigrant families as well. To include all your students,
you may want to expand your discussion to racist incidents directed at
various targeted groups.]
<ul>
<li>You may have students write two versions of these stories as a means
of reflecting on language use and idioms that are time or era specific.</li>
<li>Have them write one version as if they are there in the 1960s, as a
first-person narrative; and then writing it now, reflecting back. How
does the language and the story differ?</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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<b></b><br />
<b>Critical Thinking and Inferences </b><br />
The authors make many inferences in this book both with language use
and through imagery. You may want to discuss the following uses of
inference:<br />
<ul>
<li>On page 22, Lewis recalls a conversation with the SNCC’s Central
Planning Committee, debating whether nonviolent protests should be
halted in response to the increasing violence that met them. Lewis notes
that Reverend Will Campbell argued, “How can it be the right thing to
do, to continue putting young people in harm’s way?” Lewis replies
adamantly that they’re going to march regardless, and Campbell responds,
“What it comes down to is that this is just a matter of <b>pride</b>
to you. This is about your own stubbornness. Your own sin.” Debate the
pros and cons on continuing non-violent protest when it’s met with
violence, and discuss Campbell’s intent in what he said. Was he correct?
Why or why not?</li>
<li>Discuss the merits and intent of the Freedom Riders’ strategy (p. 36): “We will <b>accept</b> that arrest and if there is violence we will <b>accept </b>that
violence without responding in kind We will NOT pay fines because we
feel that, by paying money to a segregated state, we would help it
perpetuate segregation.”</li>
<li>Discuss Dr. King’s word to President Kennedy when he says (pg.95):
“It’s difficult to understand the position of oppressed people. Ours is a
<b>way out</b> — creative moral, and nonviolent. It is <b>not</b> tied to Black Supremacy or Communism, but to the plight of the <b>oppressed.</b> It can save the soul of America.”</li>
<li>Discuss Dr. Martin Luther King’s intent when he wrote: “…I submit
that an individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust,
and who willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to
arouse the conscience of the community over its injustice, is in reality
expressing the highest respect for law” in his Letter from Birmingham
Jail.</li>
<li>At the Birmingham Children’s March on May 2-3, 1963, we see a police
officer asking a young girl (p. 135), “What do you want?” She responds,
“F’eedom.” Discuss Lewis’ comments as he notes, “It was an
embarrassment to the city.”</li>
</ul>
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<b>Modes of Storytelling and Visual Literacy</b><br />
In graphic novels, images are used to relay messages with and without
accompanying text, adding additional dimension to the story. Compare,
contrast, and discuss with students how images can be used to relay
complex messages. Powell is a master at combining text, image, shading,
and design work to communicate passions, events, and powerful messages.
Here are lesson suggestions to help students learn and appreciate this
skill:<br />
<ul>
<li>Have students hunt for examples of how Aydin and Powell use text,
image, and design to relay complicated messages and issues, or simply
present your own instances and have students analyze them. For example:
<ul>
<li>Discuss how effortlessly the transitions are made between past and present. Analyze how this is done.</li>
<li>On pages 70-71, Lewis relays how Attorney General Robert Kennedy
arranged for the Freedom Ride to continue through Alabama. Evaluate and
discuss how this is done through images, text, and panel design.</li>
<li>On pages 79-82, the reader goes from the past, to the present, and
then back to the past, with “My Country ‘Tis of Thee” sung throughout
the transitions, adding multiple layers of meaning. Discuss how this is
done and the intent of the authors in doing this.</li>
<li>On page 115, Lewis recalls the incident in Liberty, Mississippi,
where a local Black farmer, Herbert Lee, was shot dead by E.H. Hurst.
Discuss how Powell’s use of gray on black relays the events.</li>
<li>On page 123, discuss the powerful image in which Lewis is punched in
the face with the text, “By the end of 1962, you heard people
questioning whether SNCC should even <b>BE</b> a multi-racial organization.”</li>
<li>On page 130 ,the authors relay a powerful passage from Dr. King’s
Letter from Birmingham Jail. Discuss the use of black, white, and gray
as well as the page design to brilliantly relay the lighter message of
hope from the dark depths of prison.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Have students hunt for visual and verbal examples of racism,
discrimination, and / or segregation, comparing how they are relayed
through language and how they are relayed through image. Discuss the
impact of these various forms of communication.</li>
<li>For parts of the story, Powell relays his images against a black
background while others are relayed against a white background. Chart
when he does each, and discuss why this might be. Discuss how page
design and backgrounds help communicate the story and its messages.</li>
<li>Compare and contrast how the authors help us distinguish between
words that were sung, spoken, preached, and / or heard over the radio.</li>
<li>Discuss how Powell uses art between pages 60-63 to relay the passage of time in Lewis’ life and narrative.</li>
</ul>
<b>Suggested Prose Novel and Poetry Pairings</b><br />
For greater discussion on literary style and/or content here are some prose novels and poetry you may want to read with <i>The Silence of Our Friends</i><br />
<ul>
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page8.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="page8" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20920" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page8-300x153.jpg" height="153" width="300" /></a>
<li><a href="http://www.topshelfcomix.com/catalog/march/760"><i>March</i></a><i>: Book One</i>
(August 2013): A graphic novel by Congressman John Lewis, Andrew Aydin,
and Nate Powell. This first volume spans Lewis’ youth in rural Alabama,
his meeting with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., the birth of the Nashville
Student Movement, and their battle against segregation. NOTE: This book
has an awesome teacher’s guide too.</li>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-king/"><i>King</i></a> by
Ho Che Anderson (Fantagraphics, 1993; reprint edition 2010): A
beautifully illustrated award-winning biography integrates interviews,
narrative, sketches, illustrations, photographs, and collages that piece
together an honest look at the life, times, tragedies, and triumphs of
Martin Luther King, Jr. For <i>King, </i>Anderson won the Harvey Award for Best New Talent (1991), Best Graphic Album (1993), and Parents’ Choice Award (1995).</li>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/01/remembering-mlk-the-silence-of-our-friends/"><i>The Silence of Our Friends</i></a>
by Mark Long, Jim Demonakos, and Nate Powell (First Second Books,
2012): A semi-autobiographical story of Mark Long’s childhood
experiences in Houston, Texas, centering around the Texas Southern
University student boycott after the Student Nonviolent Coordinating
Committee (SNCCC) was banned from its campus in 1968.</li>
<li><i>P.S. Be Eleven</i> by Rita Williams-Garcia: Winner of the Loretta Scott King Award (2013) and sequel to <i>One Crazy Summer</i> (Newberry Honor Book) that reveals race, gender, and political issues of the late 1960s.</li>
<li><i>I Have a Dream: Writings and Speeches That Changed the </i>World by Martin Luther King, Jr.: Martin Luther King’s “ – text of his famous speech (see link below).</li>
<li><i>Martin’s Big Words: The Life of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.</i>
by Doreen Rappaport and Bryan Collier (illustrator): An extraordinary
picture-book biography incorporating narrative, famous quotes from Dr.
King and powerful collage and watercolor illustrations introducing
King’s words and legacy to younger readers.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<b>ADDITIONAL RESOURCES:</b><br />
<ul>
<li><i>March: Book One</i> Teacher’s Guide can be downloaded at <a href="http://www.topshelfcomix.com/contact/teachers-guidehttp://www.topshelfcomix.com/contact/teachers-guidehttp://www.topshelfcomix.com/contact/teachers-guide">http://www.topshelfcomix.com/contact/teachers-guidehttp://www.topshelfcomix.com/contact/teachers-guidehttp://www.topshelfcomix.com/contact/teachers-guide</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/eyesontheprize/story/04_nonviolence.html">PBS’ American Experience: Civil Rights Movement Non-Violent Protests</a>
— contains related videos, photographs, interviews, press coverage and
primary sources, milestones, reflections, notes for teachers, and more</li>
<li>Martin Luther King, Jr. <a href="http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm"><i>I Have a Dream</i> speech</a> (text and audio)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/themes/civil-rights/exhibitions.html">http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/themes/civil-rights/exhibitions.html</a> — multimedia resources from the Library of Congress that support the teaching about civil rights</li>
<li>Historical places of the civil rights movement — <a href="http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/civilrights/index.htm">We Shall Overcome: A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary</a> with an introduction, itinerary maps, list of sites and links to learn more</li>
<li><a href="http://www.academicinfo.net/africanamcr.html">http://www.academicinfo.net/africanamcr.html</a> — civil rights history resource</li>
<li><a href="http://www.pbs.org/teachers/thismonth/civilrights/index1.html">http://www.pbs.org/teachers/thismonth/civilrights/index1.html</a> — teaching ideas for teaching the civil rights movement in American literature (all grade levels)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.crmvet.org/poetry/poemhome.htm">http://www.crmvet.org/poetry/poemhome.htm</a> — poems of the Freedom Movement</li>
<li>Notes and brochures of the SCLC’s <a href="http://www.thekingcenter.org/archive/theme/4748">Crusade for Citizenship</a> found now at the King Center.</li>
<li>For a <a href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/freedomriders/">more interactive link on the Freedom Rides</a>,
a production of “American Experience and PBS offers links retracing the
route of the ride; first-person accounts of the rides through
biographies, photos and film clips; a timeline of the events; and a
discussion of the issues.</li>
<li>Overview of the <a href="http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/freedom-rides">Freedom Rides</a> from the History Channel</li>
<li>Birmingham’s <a href="http://www.pbs.org/black-culture/explore/civil-rights-movement-birmingham-campaign/#.VNKAc8ZX9ko">Children’s March</a>
via pbs.com with a video and outstanding audio reports (with detailed
history background and personal testimonies and recollections of
individual marchers) and additional links.</li>
<li>Birmingham’s <a href="http://www.biography.com/news/black-history-birmingham-childrens-crusade-1963-video">Children’s Crusade</a>–
Outstanding link with video and very powerful photos, background and
personal accounts, and additional links by Kim Gilmore at biography.com</li>
<li>PBS explores <a href="http://www.pbs.org/black-culture/explore/civil-rights-movement-birmingham-campaign/#.Uwy-o1506zw">Project C and the Birmingham Campaign</a>
with photos and film clips; provides President Kennedy’s response to
the violence in Birmingham, a segment on Birmingham and the Children’s
March, and more.</li>
<li>A transcript of <a href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/eyesontheprize/sources/ps_c.html">President Kennedy’s press conference regarding “An Ugly Situation in Birmingham</a>” May 1963.</li>
<li>The History Channel’s interactive link on <a href="http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/march-on-washington">The March on Washington</a>
— With video clips of King’s “I Have a Dream” speech, the March from
Selma to Montgomery, background on the March on Washington, and
information on how King’s speech became an impromptu addition.</li>
<li>An <a href="http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/oral-history-march-washington-180953863/?no-ist">Oral History of the March on Washington</a> with interviews by Michael Fletcher and videos by Ryan R. Reed through Smithsonian.com</li>
<li>A guide for students on <a href="http://www.whyy.org/generations/oral.html">how to conduct oral history interviews with samples of American slave</a> narratives and other primary resource sets</li>
<li><a href="http://www.history.com/search?q=civil+rights+movement&x=0&y=0"><i>http://www.history.com/search?q=civil+rights+movement&x=0&y=0</i></a> – History channel list of links and resources</li>
<li><a href="http://www.goodreads.com/shelf/show/civil-rights-movement">http://www.goodreads.com/shelf/show/civil-rights-movement</a> and <a href="http://www.slj.com/2013/01/books-media/collection-development/focus-on-collection-development/civil-rights-everyday-heroes-focus-on-january-2013/">http://www.slj.com/2013/01/books-media/collection-development/focus-on-collection-development/civil-rights-everyday-heroes-focus-on-january-2013/</a> – provides extensive lists for further reading on the civil rights movement for students of varying ages and reading levels.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>As always, thank you for your visit.</i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Please leave your own impressions or stories in the comments below.</i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>----- </i></div>
<br />
<br />
<i>Meryl Jaffe, PhD teaches visual literacy and critical reading at
Johns Hopkins University Center for Talented Youth OnLine Division and
is the author </i>of Raising a Reader!<i> and </i>Using Content-Area Graphic Texts for Learning<i>.
She used to encourage the “classics” to the exclusion comics, but with
her kids’ intervention, Meryl has become an avid graphic novel fan. She
now incorporates them in her work, believing that the educational
process must reflect the imagination and intellectual flexibility it
hopes to nurture. In this monthly feature, Meryl and CBLDF hope to
empower educators and encourage an ongoing dialogue promoting kids’
right to read while utilizing the rich educational opportunities graphic
novels have to offer. Please continue the dialogue with your own
comments, teaching, reading, or discussion ideas at </i><a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-march-book-two/meryl.jaffe@cbldf.org"><i>meryl.jaffe@cbldf.org</i></a><i> and please visit Dr. Jaffe at </i><i>http://www.departingthe text.blogspot.com</i><i>.</i><br />
<br />
<b><i><i><b><i><b><i><b><i><b><i><b><br /></b></i></b></i></b></i></b></i></b></i></i></b>
<i>All images (c) John Lewis, Andrew Aydin, and Nate Powell.</i><br />
<br />MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-31274683114928996452015-03-23T19:03:00.000-07:002015-03-23T19:03:58.238-07:00Kids' Killer Comics : Graphic Novels About Consequences and Horrors of War<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/08.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="08" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-15500" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/08-300x168.jpg" height="168" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Gene Luen Yang, <i>Boxers and Saints </i>(First Second)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
In honor of <a href="http://abcwednesday-mrsnesbitt.blogspot.com/">ABCWednesday</a>'s "K" week, I thought I'd share some of my favorite comics and graphic novels that teach kids (of all ages) about the consequences (and often the horrors) of war.<br />
<br />
Comics, and graphic novels in particular, have come a long way over the <br />
<br />
last few years. They are exquisitely written and drawn and the number of school and curriculum-appropriate books continues to expand. While engaging and empowering all levels of readers, the images make it easier for readers in relate to and incorporate their content. This makes them powerful classroom non-fiction tools - especially when teaching, relaying and depicting the devastating affects of war.<br />
<br />
Here are a few of my favorite graphic novels for kids, that relay the truths, the horrors, and the consequences of war - all for middle grade readers and older. [Note some have links for greater discussion or exploration.]:<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/BarefootGenCover.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="BarefootGenCover" class="alignright size-full wp-image-15060" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/BarefootGenCover.jpg" height="180" style="cursor: move;" width="128" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/2013/09/using-graphic-novels-in-education-barefoot-gen/">Keiji Nakazawa (Last Gap of San Francisco)</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<ul>
<li><i><b>Barefoot Gen</b></i> by Keiji Nakazawa, translated by Project Gen (Last Gasp of San Francisco, 2004 - ages 12+), chronicles the aftermath
of the Pacific War. <i>Barefoot Gen</i> is an important work and classroom addition. It's considered one of the most important anti-war manga ever written. First,
it relays an informed accounting of Japan’s role in World War II and is a
strong anti-war piece that cannot and should not be silenced. Second,
Nakazawa relates a strong geopolitical perspective of the war,
discussing the power of political machines, “divine rule” versus
democracy, and the power individual citizens must exercise to secure
their rights and uphold their values. Finally, this work provides a
window for understanding and comparing Eastern and Western cultures —
where they meet, where they clash, and what we can and cannot assume.</li>
</ul>
<i><b> </b></i><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/boxersaints.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="boxersaints" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-14971" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/boxersaints-300x210.jpg" height="140" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/2013/10/using-graphic-novels-in-education-boxers-saints/">Gene Luen Yang</a> (First Second)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2013/10/using-graphic-novels-in-education-boxers-saints/"><i><b>Boxers and Saints</b></i></a> (First Second - ages 10+) by Gene Yang - National
Book Award finalist and two-book set that recounts the Boxer Rebellion
(1900) from both sides - that of the Boxers (Chinese peasants who
believed they could invoke ancient Chinese Gods/heroes to help them
battle Western Imperialism and the Chinese Catholics they converted) and
the Saints (the Chinese converts who wanted to bring peace to war-torn
China.<i><b> </b></i></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2013/12/2013-years-best-nonfiction-and.html"><i><b>Dogs of War</b></i></a> (Scholastic - ages 9+) by Sheila Keenan and Nathan Fox, consists of three
different stories set in three different wars: World War I,
World War II, and the Vietnam War. While the stories are fiction,
they've been meticulously researched and relayed in rich
detail. Each vignette relates the trails and traumas,and dangers the
dogs, their handler and fellow soldiers risk in battle, and the tolls
the wars took on all concerned. <br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/null" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img class="mainImage" src="http://sheilakeenan.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/titlePage_dogs_of_war2.jpg" height="136" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Sheela Keenen and Nathan Fox (Scholastic)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a data-ved="0CAcQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcomicsgrinder.com%2F2013%2F04%2F11%2Fgraphic-novel-review-jerusalem-by-boaz-yakin-and-nick-bertozzi%2F&ei=XwsPVeH2L8aYgwTT14OIDw&bvm=bv.89060397,bs.1,d.eXY&psig=AFQjCNHmCyQEuAufXxpMduN9eK9jLyO9HQ&ust=1427135706469250" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px none; clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img src="http://comicsgrinder.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/jerusalem-first-second-2013.jpg" height="200" id="irc_mi" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="138" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Boaz Yakin and Nick Bertozzi (First Second)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2013/06/your-choice-summer-reading-suggestions.html"><i><b>Jerusalem</b></i></a> by Boaz Yakin and Nick Bertozzi (Ages 12+) - about the personal and
political issues and decisions various members of a Jerusalem family
must face in war-torn Jerusalem 1940-48. The story begins with the British Mandate giving way to a United Nations
Partition Plan that then gives way to civil conflicts and the
Arab-Israeli War of 1948. It follows Yakin's family's history while
following the history of Jerusalem as its characters wrestle with
ideals, faith and hopes. <div id="irc_mimg">
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2012/08/eucles-hero-of-democracy-marathon.html"><i><b>Marathon</b></i></a> by Boaz Yakin and Joe Infurnari (First Second Books, Grades 6+) tells
the story of Eucles and The Battle of Marathon. Eucles, an Athenian
messenger in the year 49 ran over 300 miles to save Ancient Greece from
being subjugated into the Persian Empire. The Battle of Marathon was the
turning point in ancient history, and the foundation of the modern
Olympic games. </li>
</ul>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiYqi9yY_ex6PgAaDfxcYMHwloS8C01adZPwiL-zbRVSAG38kGy8lLtHQjVbyi6EPp-rbb8BjRqoOp5Z8v5ie2SbC-DRP46v9Avq-w8CU4k-F3VSGUPM92Pr80DEBPzd1cU3FtrSanSMs/s1600/Persian+ship.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiYqi9yY_ex6PgAaDfxcYMHwloS8C01adZPwiL-zbRVSAG38kGy8lLtHQjVbyi6EPp-rbb8BjRqoOp5Z8v5ie2SbC-DRP46v9Avq-w8CU4k-F3VSGUPM92Pr80DEBPzd1cU3FtrSanSMs/s320/Persian+ship.jpg" height="248" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From <i>Marathon</i> Boaz Yakin and Joe Infurnari (First Second)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a 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" 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NnhLOBiqNmTmcIkwFFu2+zT2cJcFFavD3thmdVpA/VTmebd4GWsPse3Qo3eh05h70xZKhIE0WUlXoASYIYGW490W6QBYuErLApuUpbpu7Zht5d0KdU1atQCXqUgCuoTGFYQchKsJ/i5226oAIiylbMr1lRSzEKqgkk6ADMk9kWBRSd0MnVnOKjJ8LAP2/sdL1TFJ/dxqzZSSFIJUH6sxBIzgm1673dUUKqhVGgAgeQtS2DtpL3d0vNMEU6gYrigGASs9k4Z7jnalu/vhdL7VrUrvVDtRMHgGGmNCfeWZEjlyIm7LIO+W3bfjsXQYvREiXoiF4/Rs0kc/1wnw52zPtANRaNWpSoPiC4WqgpAUwGfCGxZJIBjKZOgttjTEzxiJ4xy+Fhm2dm/pANJ2w0Dm4Bhn/YJ+qsgExmdMhMjON4tDKFSMKkZSV0snz0+Q7BbouxNmC7UyutRoNVu0aIsCSoy1MEljGhEFDd+nTvAroCKRDPSpk4gFMJSZsRJbHFSoAZACrPKxYqIWBGURwAGkZknLnoMIziThpUdl28nf8T8RVeMYU8Zfx7fIYxs6fnbzW8O34cfWtnnHPR69d1gu936gfeL/ACvYzYDvgYu6/eL/ACvYo5BlgPVNR32tgaevWlqtXUWsr649lrKI2y9Z2RrPPCzInlNqIWbhdTUqKnM556AZn4ZeVt0qgaCLZvdSjLO54DCPHM/hbS2bBcCKjuxbQX2hjRkxMmIEYkMMs5Sp4Eai09vWMA+Ud+N0a+zq5p1SXR5NOrwqDjPJxPWHjmDNiHs72zRomtRqUx0t46NKVYAlgcazSPJWyzHEZyIj6J3j2DRvtBqFdMSNp9pW4Op4MJ/AyDb52v26dXZ+1LrSqdZGvFE0qkQKi9Imf7wkArwnkQbHe6F7bO6O4bcvi7OvBvTyLrXyvGFSejqqIp1iBnDKOjY55rT0ztT/APdvZf8Arv8A/DV//NtwygiDmDqLct349kFGviq3LDd6pkmmf1TnuH6snmMuzjYVYN36Bj/3e2X/AK1T/wCGr/8Am2K9qHtOo3m7C73J2YVP1zFGXqDSnDAe8cyRwEcbcu23savdKhpXik1JxwOjD7Stow7RYfY1FC3Nm02xv7UbZ93uFDFTpJSArtkGqMSSyCD+rzz0Lccsjltm7QqXeqlai5p1EMqw4cCO0EGCOIsR3S3Yr3+uKNEdrufdpr9pvwGpI7yOl75+xxUuyvcMT1aS/SoxJNbm6yYV/wBkZEZa6zhcFe0+TdezvfmltGjwS8IPpaf/AJrxKn4HI21F+oF0KAxigE/s/WA7Ssie23yJsnada61krUXNOrTbI/NSDqDoQbfS/s/33pbSpSISugHS0p0/aXmp58NDYJKwyMrh+9bOV0ZcIGJQsgDLDJX/AGkyPG2FYESCIIyI5cDbo9sVvDdwtdv2obz1+IJsmouo+k+bA2PC3p1Nkmyx+VlDxp9fCwTe8f8ATj71f5XsbPH1642A75/4dfvF+T2uOQXgP1tRp6i1rv8AlarU1HrvtbjKxEIm9d+frxt4+H4+s7KR69d9vRPr1wm1ENVuykUZ+0zHyMD4CztjbxXa9GqLvVWqaLYamHgeYnVTmAwkGDBytkt87hfK+ysFyaD1ukRRD1EkyiNwPZ9YSJ4Hgu723K1yvC16BwumRB0ZfrIw5GBI4EDiLaIRujJOVmfXgNltl92N8qd9uor0Eeo4IFSipp9JTbPXG6iMsjOYI7Yt09v1C0G4XxRzP6OR/wAa5PwtCw7bM7+3ZGu9IsqsUvd0KkgEqTeKKkjlKsR3E2IXjbqoJejef4aLv/8AXitmd6N6aFajSRemVje7p+soVaYyr0iZLoAMgT4WhDYVdp0VqdE1WmtTCGwFgGKkkAgEyQSpHgbWzbI797g3faYQ1WanUpghHTCcj9VgwMic+B1zzNm+znc99m06tN65rBnBT3gqoBkApJwnEWJgxpaED229iUL3SNK8UlqoeYzB5qwzU9oNuFb3+y56Lu1xqC9U0zekGU1qQM5kA9dcuAnsOZt0f2ibh1do1qRS9GjSCFaqEuQ0MCpFMMEJgtJPJdeBPdHcyhsu7VUpFnZwWd2ABMLAUADJRmQM8ycza07YKavk97LNm0qOzLqaaBTVpJUqHizsASSePIcgABbWmwXclI2fcxyu9P8AlFi71lGrAd5FqLOU+1f2adPivdzUCtE1aQgCrGrr/wBz+bv14psnada61lrUXNOpTORHxUjiDoVNvr032n/qJ/uH525R7UvZ8l5D3y44WrLnWpIQekgTiUD/ADI4fWHbqSfRgSj1RsPZ9vzS2lRyhLwgHS0uX7azqhPlobT730+tTbmCD4EEfM2+Y9kX+td6yVaDMlZG6hAkycsMcZ0KxnNvpG/3mtVut2qXikKNZgS9OZwnLKfw4THCy6qshlKV2Cm9evWtvC3mPOyzbMaxD3i2f3zP/Tj71f5XtoT6mwHfFR+jrx+kX5Pa45KeA/UGdrYGX9vK1Oq2Y1tbDWIEYR8uXGyH1+P42efO0bHn69RaizV7uNNGOTMD5z+Nud+1n2bdOGvl0X6cZ1aQ/wA0cXX/ALg4j63frud16/vp3MPkfwsfIs+D44M01zY+SN2N4a1xvC16DQRkymcLrxRh6INvord2+XbadA1kq1yGIx0xXqI1JtTT+iZTHLmM7Y32uezjpMd9uifSa16Sj3/+4gH1uY46668q3T3lrXCuteictHQzgqL9lvOQdQc+YLWr4Ep7XZn0V/6GtZpW6og06S9TVdhwimWJjtdgRHum01Tdq5UaTNeFpvTRSWNUIKagAgsKagU1yJEhZ7TabYG9t2vV0/S0cJTUE1MZANIgSyvyjnoRBFuF+032gvtB+ipSl0Q9UaGqRo7jl9leGpz0FK4xySVzd7oe1G7fpDXVy63YNhu1eq0nDkAlQkSBPusxJiAxmxr2w7cr3S60K12qGm4vCiciGGCpKsDkQcvKeFuGbs7qVr6KzIMFKjTZqlQiVEKSEGmJjynIZngD9InYd3vtzu6XmmKiBKbgEkQ2CJyI4EjxtbsmUm2it7P7+zbMoVrxVLMyu71HIGRZjJOQAAy5AC2I2v7RLrf7ybk1apQuTgoa6ZGq5yALEHBS1ziWMSQsg6jf/YtJdk/olP6Om1W7UlGsBq9IcTnEnU2+f96t3a1xvDXeuMxmrD3ai8HXs4EcDItErlSbR3o7nPRUCmlKuoBCzSpEiYwyjYS+EZz0yzy0j1FKAZUe53JmPB6fQVD1ZhKdamyucWUrUjtytjPZN7SejwXO+P1Mlo1WPuk6U3J+roFPDQ5RHa693SopWoqup1VgCD4HK1NWCTuZxFudOOk2f0BJA/wquJIn3qAdQBxJIFimydoXR+rdnok6laZUHlJUZ+MWWjsRKZU0XqUVBk00aaZGfVwOGCDP6mE5DOxHoVnFAxRExn3TaiwBQ3Kua31r8KQ6dh/CGzmqF0xkGC34kkx721OtTXkCfM5fym2mtit4a+Ku/JYXygn4mLLqPgOmvaBvL160s7hZseHr+llE2QaBB6ysA31/w66frV/lex+LZ/fQxd1+8X+V7XFclSwaCtqP6WuqLUquq+NroPr12WJlDKkR6nv7bMn0bPq+vXCzJtRC1s28dHUVuAyPccj+B8LbVTbAG2n3cv2JejPvJp2rl8tPKzKb6C6i6hki3F/az7NvfvtzTm1eko14mqgHmyjvGcg9pshFmp2EtXPjRLwwVkDMEfCWUE4Ww5rI4wTItqNwNx620quU07uhHS1Y044EnJnI8FEE8Aem70+x5K98SrQZaFCoZroBmOJNIaDFpByBzz0t0O6XClc7t0dBBTp0kYqB2AkkzqScyTmTJsbl2AUO4y57vUKV1/RaS9HRKFIXXrAhmJOrGZJNgtTc9qaZbTv9NEAAipSgACBrSNqW7O1XWt9LXY02Vmc1H6oIwkEFvd1IgQOzjY7fNu3aujJRvFJ3MQq1Fk59+fHIWGS2uzGRdwVS3OFY0y20r7XSnUp1MDPSKlkYOuICkDEqLW9/t37vfaIo1+q5M0qoH6ttAe0HQrx8JAlt4uiqCkMQLFVLLgw4mLYdTJ1WSBkGHIxkfaF7QzSJoUHxXgZNU1FLsHOpx/Z7xAiRbSWTle3NlVLreKt3qx0lJsLQZU5Agg8iCDnnnBzFurex/wBoj4qdwvOJ56tCpBLCBlTaMyIGTcNDztyjZmz616rLSpK1SrUJ45nizsx0HEsbfRPs93Pu+zoXKpe3WalWMhxwJOi58MzqeQKQmCd+MG6Flsgt42AaQX69CmjOc4GnM8B4m2BqEmSTJJzPbz8zY1vNtDG3Rqcl1PNuXh8z2WBk+vj/AEtnqSux9ONkKB69es7LZhPd8bPnj6+FhDEJ/H++XdbPb7r/ANOv3q6fu1ONj5PjYFvl+oX7wc+T2uOSng0FYZi1saC1OpEp3/la5Hba2QjIys2z3Fmt42oggs+lWZGDKYKnI/O0Z8bNquAJMgDUwTHloPhaiG32bfhVWRkR7w5G1y2Cut5amwZThI8iDnB5g21uzdrJVy91/sn8OdnxnfImUbYCFsrv5f3QUaSNhFfpQ0QCQtNiBJ0GKJjOMspse2htFKKy51yUDNmPIDj36DUwLct3x20a16udUgClTZ6ZgyB0oUEORxIUQRlrE6mpzS46gpdS0l3BCswUkCe4wJjyPhZt/hlKuAw4znOtkoz0jSSBhSQYyKSpAOp6xY+XOw7aN7wnDIUyCSdABm3PPCDHPMW6O72bma1mZzezaFRFboWfpF+kd56ygwoM8DEKD2HlbDbJ2ZVvFVaVJcTmT2AcXY8FHE/MwD0LZ81zUBU9FeA6jLMKoIVzlkpJdQTqRIsWuWwaNARSD0yYkpUqKWjTEVbrQeBsmK3q8QmrPkfurc6FxPQhSXdgj1yIDuT1UAkwkkAduo5b/YGdZe4+ORy+PwthrrSxV6QZsUMakkSSUBK+TQdPq21K1mBBDQc858xIFlVFtZop+0jcPVA1IBPM2Ebc2t0YwIeuw1+yOffGlsbedogSFMnTmB8czr6ytRN4aeczPbx1z45WzyqdEGqfcJtloJ/GzZ9fiLMoPiE8fXZZ49dlkscIW9GzixsjCykdtoQjWwbe/wDw4+9X+V7GyPXkfXdYJvcIu4+8X5PYouzBYfYdZe82ts3laoT1l7z+FrDHT5WJkEJ0s1teWlvAWT16NqIeY2Sc58+2zoy1tHWqBVLHRQSeOQ4WhCG45LA0Uso7gSIi3rzeoIVes+uphR9toziQYVesTMQAWD7gpCLi1OZ11OZ+dqzCKIZiwSozuzKuKJYjrQPdhZ4xkNLDXqKHJUE2kiDatTCmO9VKjOxCIows7nMinhgqeJwxhWJJJEmjetls9BlvBPS1skVesyxmiAnVlJxM2QGggCxa5XNMfSFVNVQArYsSmmYjBOYn8NTAgft9qlFunoKrmMLo5MMpjLFqnPKBPA25j1EpTUb+/wDY0eXZXSIKt/6AslTr1ejVtVliWKkhjhDQaZnQmD4jVugvTMXaKYK4lB99l1WcJUqDqA2ZOuVoN6L/AEq9ClUVT0iM1JqbAGomMYkUjiCaZAYDMzoZFlu+JaaXWiQGRfpagg4GMkhZ1eWgDgI46dN16sqKjh4+HvMihTU3J4XJduAFK8VkDq3SdbUSrQZVuUT5KBlYhdKjNRBcYakdYCIDCMQ5EWfc9mUKa4UQYdcycRORxkzJYmOOXCLQbXZ1GFMXA4lCE/7WKjMZyPK2zT1VCCjJmapJTk2uDPbQvdTEi03qLVxu3UJBRYIw4s8jOfAzysTSvXI+lqNibCAVIkgaoEULjZjIJwxGeUCztiUWLVWqooZzloWC5AAkZaiYGQsZvFBayPTOYIMGBwOXy8o52zzre33QG9rhAO41DmCZKkgxpPZz1HPl3lkbTLKM+7+/zsKuJBZjLN1sMnDouWgERI0EZWIYs4n16+ZsEs8G2Dugrcj3cPD1HxNp25/2tBs/Qmf7ehaZjPZ642EaJmZ/Kzj3d+XwzsgHr52SLQh4afhYJvgv0A+8Xn9l4saTlr6n87Bt7R9AOXSL8nsUcgsOsOsv8UfDS1hm7PXnat9cc8//AB8rWD69d9rZBD6zs0nyt6J87OI/D+/lYblim1K/IWKUwYk42/dU8c+LEeVrZ5cptTotiqO554R3Ll8SGPj32OHfsBPsWKhiPDu+FqwquLtRKRKr7p+sJaV7NRmO3W3r5VAHh/ey7OIe7iCepUdRzPWOE6Tmjg2xa2/l3H0ktyB1SsFWmUBphq1MYT9SWGNcsvdDaZZixO91JDTHVyPhGc9x+Fsrvhffo1dCCtOsDUP2TDQp7YnKeFitO/nClQwUdRTqDXCRlIIJBBz0OcjlbDKi5QUu9x/mJTce1iptbZaYekEFkzkAYljC0KBnpDBchpEGwsVVSuvRgBGTEvIw05E+8MycUmZzgyAaevCspJlZGI6ETAafrQJHdB455K6thS6CQSBUQxGQLYkHZ1WAg8o4E26OjcsP+cGPUpW4NNQvRJTtSfl+Vnm8yz6gBQfgSfn8rBdnP7k6QR2nNo7h/S1kVJV5klyqDvYnPyEeVtclc57QSoXs9YT7qIT+8ZYfM28t8wivUn9XQYg9pLx8halXb9b+3XRfBV/M2rbaqxdq+HWpUp0x2qGE/M2HYkvjYpq7F2MxKSNdI5H+hn/bYtSWSM9Plz8Ynytn0vQR4+2ocdpaR8x8bF6b/VEag9nhzOmtqkuTZB3QfuZyJ8/O1gnO1DZ1SPey7vXr5W1qAjLu1y+GXC1MciUH1n+NlPo/M2hx/P8AKzsXr4Wosdi5/h22Cb3/AOHH3q/J7GwMrA976sUBx+lXl9l7FDJTwaBV669xy8vH0bSsfRtHS98fuk/K0reMWjINY5cp1tXqX6mDDPHZhac9OGdrJ/GzKiCI0z4ZZ8LVcgKvO30C9QVCTIBFJ4Bg5+767ptRr7RFLDOhURAJ4kZEdgHnYjfbvxk6zpM89NdPlYNRIZYOTJkxI4DMHXIiZnPI2ZDlNIVJuLTZBe9uhiADxjjPd2nhry52u7NvfRl6ZkJCBmxAKK0SRi0AKkCdJjic6lOmDJTA7DQwMCcMRPMaz5ZmxTd/ZqikoYYlqO7MSo+02o0AgIsHlFsurnCNO0s/YbQUpTuizsu/UKIFNFamAcgynrExJLPJcxK5k5c5tBftg0MDGiTQLYSVQEq5xKVUUyylTihQFIEscs5tDfNjVKQBursqFRKEB6U6z0ZzQ6jqZDLLhYdeN4mpo4q0SrQsOpBpyrKRmM104gcBbDSi5TThK6b5559B82tr3Lk9db0HUhkLNTDKrBsQy0bA7EqcswASs5yLAdrbTNREaajKGDIXYHKIYAAnCIB4D42L7GvtJ6S5K4UQQVzHA5jNYIGciLJedhoQq0yQqAhQQZAyBBMQIg5kiIicjPY8ry1uWPmYfM3+yDaVWFB5gjh2xr2i12jWhVyzDk5dgUDvze1JNh11J6ICoBqMSkieAbIZQf6aWSq7U/1qNTmBLgxlwkAiCRPgLXGpCWGhcqUllF+hWJAEfWd+PIx8/havtVyKNFYPWqljkeAJ+YsqVBnBBJEQNQNRqMxn61tHfqgm6g6Q7HL9zgNdSLE0uBR69oejpsss1MGYgnDOvdkM+Rzs26bWURIwR2xHbrlP42W9TROJZUGCpMkKeHfERA7bW2ulCuJWKVYe9BGHsaASsHIk5HPvsuTjbkOMrEibcpRk/ceQ4a9+udiVz26hIGMT38OHru55hdj3FlLywxAxhBJA04znOEH87aO50JEzOWs+s9dTYZWNMG2i3S2jSb/MTxZR87WUIIBBBHNTIPiNdbRULqnFQfC0wbl5dthG8i4bBt8EmgB/3FPwexpfXdYLvbPQCNekX5PYo5I8B6j747B3fLX+trLDO1eiOsY5Dn/fjaw2toRDB6HD1nZJHbNl7+WcWjOfr8LCQrXwT3/Md2XP52BbQuKuVZgD1gMUSQOOmZ0PZ+Gmw+frs7rC79c5YYmYU26oVThBY6KxBxZ8MwuoPbL25KcbgTcu7xSKMIYVGyPNcyY49nDq9ljlxvAUVEORpMYniGbEhy1GcfwxrladLmoU4MKsIkCBnpHPhpnOU62q7QuYrdZWNN1JwsPeEtxEdYFolYjytypzU5vdwn9DVGLjFWyg20EGO3hwbPy63wtRvWy1cT9YzMAz3EasIEeethVx2sylqdZQjmM4OFiIOXGREYc9ZziSeo3gHMZqwxdgGc596m2adKdJ3Gxkprgxl92EKdQ1KL4G8MBjWV4dXLkeM2obTu9VqTKMJIUEKuPEwUzhAMyQFBHHqjjM9Ar3XEcRIOmXEnPz4HysIvlzKsGORBkEGcxmM/EZ9umee2hrppbWxNTTQlykczSkGzkiBlmeJy4/C16nUvC506zZ/VLSOzqsCtl3mAo3gqMlqBaoGsFpxdxxqxI8rDk2lwGZ5cTyt2o7Zq9jmP2Xa4RO0qmEiolMciq4Y94wYOGDPbBjMWberwa1VRS6youFWAMayxAPAnLt8reulzqV9RhWcyRwz0EjKRw87FaexcodoXkgCg/EsdOLeecg3GOCbZSEq7WoMq0alTrasyE9U5gAFVgkAgGZUxnaumzxVYDpiFywxTZe49djmRJ042L3PYtJIw04I44u4RqIPfYxd7rOsADtJPaO3L5WXu7Bxpdyts64YBAOIRxzyz1yXiT8BpoYp04nKBwGvP1Flu9HwMf1tKc7CaVGw0eevfZQPQt5R45f3+fzs4jLnaghAuthm8q/Qj7xfk9iyr3eHhYTvO30A+8X5PysUcgPAaot1m4WnJ+XGPXbarRnEw1sWfZvUx4xhidDJ8LBUqxp23PJCgzx+FknP1+Xysseh58LMH9vz+NiLFJ9euNkrU1YFWAZSM1YAgjQggyCLKbNHESDETmJAIkSO2ONoSxRrXaomdJi65zSYiRGU06pGIEfZckaZjIh7V816lYZe70bMOAYnDKzEyAdBqeNmtXVCMTKpbQEgEkawOwnXhI529VrouTOitAJBIkBjhBieLZd9lzpRk7sKO5YB99o0K8o2TnRWUqSQRBC1ILZ8jzzBztWu10rXdgCS6iRJH1TkV1gka5xpxJNiV+eiSEqmniJBVXiZMgEA9uXbmLVq1EKYSsqEYQUZgRL+6IMlcREAKQMslst0XayfHZhJO97BegwwkArGg5xw8Yi1S+BQGyACqcRJiAOJnIDt0152preaoDFqlOn0Y6+jBRGIEnEB2zA10t5qQYFqtfGtJsRkqEQgBgxAgEwQZaYkRFsq0b3XwM8x2wZ7aNyp162L30WmAWE4WOJmiSIb3zply52kTYVMCBTSAZgop04cvyA8zirRZDUFRMABBeRgHOeGvA559uclJacBlqKQThDY1zP2Z55Hq/C3Qi2lYzypu7bQMW5QMo7wT3Zcc5PKy0qDdWBn3Dx/D1oXV1JZQwJX3gDmvYc8uHdZlW8U6YGOoqA6Y3A8ATqRE+NrLVN3tYqUaRy8p9dvCDa5RQ68/UaeptIhBA6w62QMjPKcueWeXCygiSsjEACRxAMxlrnB8rQvaK0+vl8rIBnGunr5WZSrozFVdSykhgDMEZEHkRMcdbSRPj3/DnaEatk8Pwt6eB+dnAfH18Lew+NoiHrCN6BFAfeL/K9jMePl/XibCN6FmgJ/wBVf5XsUcgywGEpHGYUnPTCfytoXE3UDjAH/Llb5+r3UY269TJiP1jjTLn2W6nfEjd4CTHR0xMnFnVXjrPbbn6ypCThbpJG2r4dXpOKlb2mkuer+QW6Fvstl+yezWzTd2+y0H9k249Q2V0hhBVcgEwKjkwMzlPAcrSJu67RFOqZpmqOu0mmsy4BaSMjpmeE22KrF4v6DZeFVo5lFf8Ab9jrZot9lo/dP5Wp3TYxSq9SapZ5xyog5yuQUEYdBmcu+3LL5sTonKVFdXWJU1GJEgEaMeBFpam7LCitY03FJvdbpdc8Pu48XvCNLTzIe/j3Frw3URXEo2lxnP05Oo7Q2WaoUEOuEyGVc+EwdV0GYtDfdiGrUDk1FyUMqqCHCP0igkiRDDXlbmCbuFmRBTfFVUMgNRhjVpwsCWAg4TrytLe903ps9OpSdWp0zVdeknDTXVjDkZRpr2Wm+D6P0LWh1ELLfFdf1dPQ6btDYXTVA56RWAUAKDEq3SAlTk3EQ2XHI2nr7Kx1UqsrYqYYDIgGeziVzjliNuXJug5rPQ6FulpridTVjCvV6xJfDEOvH61vXHc96xcUqDP0bYWiqMmzykv1vdMRNr3x7P0I9HXS5qRsl/d0f+GdQXZ5VqjYWPSYSwK5ZKFjmQR87Vl2EFodAFcKZgxLAziDSRBIMa8ABbk77KpZyp7ZZ/ztf2hue9AqKtB0LnCv0kycurKuQD1hkYsPmQfKv6BPw7UwaTlFXxzm34OkHYZNOrTJqMaxxO+GGJMZgAADJRp22luezDSBUCowLs4LKSwLc2Obd5zgxwty2junirGgtFulUsCnSRGCS2ZfDkAeNn3bdA1HemlEs9PN/pVheE4jUwnM8DaKceifoVLRV7NSnG2f1fX4fQ6dR2Sy1HqgPLDNQpCySCWMatlExMTrJst+2e1RcJDgYlbIcUIYeZHxty/Z257Vw5o0GcIQGipxMwAC4kmDpNoqO64em9QUj0aGGLVIgxiIhnBJwyYAJte+PZ+hX9DW3Xc43VuuOx06+7Gao61C1VGpwUCgQpmSc1znJSJGWXO1hNnN0rVBjGJVDJhyIXFhziR7x0tx/wD9Ho/Y/wCTa+dr193ONKOlu5UF+jEvPXEErk/7Qz0tSqQfKv6By8P1KtCUo4slf9jp1z2OUeow6Q9IzMQV4sZMEDTLja0KDfZYz+yfnblFHcvE9VBd+tQ/Wy4AQzABYuFknIQc7JdtzsdBq6UAaKAlm6RRETPVLhuBjLOMrWpR7P0Fz0NWTvKcOn/Lvjp16HWRQYfVb/aR+Fm/o7fZYeHwtyqtuWVoiu12ikYOItwYwrFceIKxyBIt687ndHSFZ6CimQhnGDAcShYB5WRpNr3x7P0B/wDnT/vhm2evbB1dqT8j5Gwjeek3QDIj6ReB+y/C3Ptp7n9BHTUAksVXrTigKxIhs1hh1tM4sNqbNpLmEAPj+dpGrBSSdyPwuq4b1KLXub/BbZxJzt0q9bQu52SLr+k0elFNMsY1Vg5WdJyjvsM2jqPG1Dj42xVNOna7w7nbqf7na8bXf5oE7H2s92qdLTID4WUH7OIRiHaNc8rEK+9lZ7xQvDlTVoACdMcYjLRlmGIgZRaT8rMezFuirJmicKU575QV7Wv7uwGvd6NR3djLOzMT2sST8Ta9eNts9GhQYKaVGcozeWLGW94akdUjztIbV6mp8LBdrrkZthK144x7i1t3eN71g6SnSU02JQoGEKYPRxiIIBUEcs4izhvNVF5r3lcKVayOsrPUxBRiWeIwgibUT6+ForR1J3vcCOloqO1R4tb5Pl/UM0t7aq3ure8CF6yYGWXAiKYkFWDA/RDOeJszZG9FW7tUNNU+kqio2IFtC/Vk5544xTiy11sJ4WYLTzZ9/wCMt6Og1ZwWEuuFj0GVTMwIBJyk5TwzzPjY7t/eure2pM6U1NJi4jEZJw5SzGF6gyECwUWQ8bCpyimk8jJ0ac2pSV3HHzyGU3lK3v8AS0o00qHGWAapDFwQzZvKnrfVgWTZ+89SjWrVlRSawhgXqZCQcnx49V1LWCWS086a6gf0VBqzj0tl4XNshjY28T3YPhp03xOtQF8XVdMWFhDCYxH3pszZ23qlGnXRQD084mJbKcmITFgJI4lSRYV6+VkNoq0l1Lekou945tfPTAoNjm296q96Ciph6lU1FicjAGESfdEfGwK3rCqkkrIOdCnOSlJXawHLnvPWp3iteFCdJWYsffgEmcgHEiTo0g2o3e/stCtRGHBUNNmkdaaZ6oGeXvcjpaiLJYvNl19/1BWmpLEe3/nHoGK28VV6HQEU4wojOE+kZKZmmjNOinkBPz9fd461WgtB8DU0FMIMJlejBUMpxalSQZmZ0Fg4t42jqy7grSUVZqKzf59y5tDadSstJahBFGmKaa+6DOckye3LQWpOhOQ9ept6xHYfvt+7+IsdJuVRXB1MVT08lFWX7n//2Q==" 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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Art Spiegelman (Pantheon)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2014/12/how-to-find-ultimate-comicgraphic-novel.html"><i><b>Maus</b></i></a><b> </b>by Art Spiegelman is a retelling of his parents' Holocaust experience<i><b> </b></i>which Spiegelman tells through conversations with his father. The Nazi's are depicted as cats, and their victims as mice. This cartooning approach makes the story more accessible and somewhat less threatening, empowering readers to more comfortably explore the realities, fears and guilt the holocaust raises. <i>Maus</i> has won many awards, including the Pulitzer Prize in 1992 (recommended for mature middle school readers and older). <a class="rg_l" href="http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/98/Maus.jpg&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maus&h=418&w=300&tbnid=UuPzSHdWsV5moM:&zoom=1&docid=cHsVqFrBxwz5HM&ei=LQwPVY_rJoiNNruphNAL&tbm=isch&ved=0CDEQMygAMAA" style="height: 189px; left: 0px; width: 136px;"><div class="_aOd rg_ilm">
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Persepolis1Cover.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Persepolis1Cover" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-12414" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Persepolis1Cover-186x300.jpg" height="200" width="124" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/2013/06/using-graphic-novels-in-education-persepolis/">Marjane Satrapi</a> (Pantheon)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/librarian-tools/using-graphic-novels-in-education/using-graphic-novels-in-education-persepolis/"><i><b>Persepolis</b></i></a> by Marjane Satrapi (ages 10+) is the story of Marjane Satrapi’s childhood and coming of age within a
loving, educated family that lived in Tehran during the Islamic
Revolution and Iran-Iraq War. It is drawn in simple, stark, black and
white ink with style, poignancy, and elegant detail as well as
occasional flourishes (usually in the dream sequences) traditionally
found in Eastern art.<i></i></li>
</ul>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSW8by5TFxIp8grOB8l0OqluTSuRBpvJ0i0ANaoO0Uf0hIrVi0F" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" class="rg_i" data-sz="f" name="SCWbxZN9ES1QsM:" src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSW8by5TFxIp8grOB8l0OqluTSuRBpvJ0i0ANaoO0Uf0hIrVi0F" style="height: 171px; margin-top: -7px; width: 241px;" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Jablonski and Purvis (First Second)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li><i><b><a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2013/02/delayed-gratification-and-impulse.html">Resistance</a> Trilogy</b></i> (First Second - ages 9+) by Carla Jablonski and Leland Purvis - a graphic novel
trilogy is about life in occupied France during World War II. The main
characters must decide whether to collaborate with the Germans (to gain
'favors') or delay gratification and face rationing of supplies as well
as struggle through the war without knowing whether their father has
survived. This trilogy is a wonderful (historical) fiction story that accurately relates
life in France in the late 1930's to early 1940's. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2014/05/rust-by-royden-lepp-teaching.html"><i><b>Rust</b></i></a><b> </b>(ongoing series, Archaia) by Royden Lepp (Ages 9+) <i>Rust</i>, brilliantly
illustrated in sepia tone (giving the story a Dust Bowl and post
World War I feeling) is all about life after a horrific war fought by men and robots. The land, the people and their families have been devastated. With flashbacks from the war, the three volumes (there's a fourth on in the works) chronicle one robot and a family who harbors him. For more, please read this <a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2013/05/reviewing-rust.html">Review of Rust</a> detailing each book and containing teaching and book group discussion suggestions. </li>
</ul>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://blogs.detroitnews.com/geekwatch/files/Rust-v2-Preview-640x415.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Jet Jones escapes his creators in "Rust: Secrets of the Cell." (Archaia)" border="0" class="attachment-content-width wp-post-image" src="http://blogs.detroitnews.com/geekwatch/files/Rust-v2-Preview-640x415.jpg" height="207" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Royden Lepp (Archaia)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li> <i><b><a href="http://departingthetext.blogspot.com/2013/07/zahra-from-paradise-to-president-how.html">Zahra's Paradise</a> </b></i>(ages 12+) is a webcomic and graphic novel by Amir with illustrations by Khalil
(both have chosen to remain anonymous for political reasons), published
in 2011 and published by First Second Books. Its story takes place in Iran, June 2009 after one of the great street
protests following the elections. And, while it
is a story about human rights and the turmoil of a troubling time, it
also about the love of a people who help this mother through her
heartbreaking ordeal.</li>
</ul>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.comicsbulletin.com/main/sites/default/files/reviews/images/1110/zp2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" class="CSS_LIGHTBOX_SCALED_IMAGE_IMG" src="http://www.comicsbulletin.com/main/sites/default/files/reviews/images/1110/zp2.jpg" height="459" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Amir & Khalil (First Second Books)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
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These are some of my favorites. </div>
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As always, thank you for your visit.</div>
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Please leave your favorites, or your opinion about these books in the comments below.</div>
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MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-7768111762992413472015-03-16T21:08:00.001-07:002015-03-16T21:08:16.654-07:00Just Suggesting... Neil Gaiman On The Importance of Libraries, Reading, and Daydreaming<div id="article-header">
<div id="main-article-info">
The following is a speech I found at <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/oct/15/neil-gaiman-future-libraries-reading-daydreaming">theguardian.com</a> posted October 15, 2013. It advocates the importance of reading, of
fiction and of libraries as well as our obligation to support them.<br />
<br />
If you're anything like me there just isn't enough time in your day to get to everything you want to.<br />
<br />
So for you (and actually for me as well), I want to park an article I found here. I've already read it once, but this is the kind of thing that writers, teachers, and folks interested in creating, need to look at and read more than once. I warn you, it's long, but worth the time when you find it. This article was found at <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/oct/15/neil-gaiman-future-libraries-reading-daydreaming">http://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/oct/15/neil-gaiman-future-libraries-reading-daydreaming</a> and posted online Tuesday, October 15, 2013.<br />
<br />
So
read (or re-read) it now, read it on the train or bus to or from work,
read it while waiting for someone, or leave it parked here and revisit
it later when there's more time. It's empowering.</div>
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<h2>
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>Neil Gaiman: Why our future depends on libraries, reading and daydreaming </b></span></h2>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Neil Gaiman" src="http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/BOOKS/Pix/pictures/2013/10/15/1381845011232/Neil-Gaiman-012.jpg" data-pin-description="'We have an obligation to imagine' … Neil Gaiman gives The Reading Agency annual lecture on the future of reading and libraries. Photograph: Robin Mayes" height="276" itemprop="contentUrl representativeOfPage" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="460" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">'We have an obligation
to imagine' … Neil Gaiman gives The Reading Agency annual lecture on
the future of reading and libraries. Photograph: Robin Mayes <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/oct/15/neil-gaiman-future-libraries-reading-daydreaming">http://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/oct/15/neil-gaiman-future-libraries-reading-daydreaming</a></td></tr>
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<br />
<br />
It's important for people to tell you what side they
are on and why, and whether they might be biased. A declaration of
members' interests, of a sort. So, I am going to be talking to you about
reading. I'm going to tell you that <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/books/libraries" title="More from the Guardian on Libraries">libraries</a> are important. I'm going to suggest that reading <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/books/fiction" title="More from the Guardian on Fiction">fiction</a>,
that reading for pleasure, is one of the most important things one can
do. I'm going to make an impassioned plea for people to understand what
libraries and librarians are, and to preserve both of these things.<br />
<br />
And
I am biased, obviously and enormously: I'm an author, often an author
of fiction. I write for children and for adults. For about 30 years I
have been earning my living though my words, mostly by making things up
and writing them down. It is obviously in my interest for people to
read, for them to read fiction, for libraries and librarians to exist
and help foster a love of reading and places in which reading can occur.<br />
<br />
So I'm biased as a writer. But I am much, much more biased as a reader. And I am even more biased as a British citizen.<br />
<br />
And
I'm here giving this talk tonight, under the auspices of the Reading
Agency: a charity whose mission is to give everyone an equal chance in
life by helping people become confident and enthusiastic readers. Which
supports literacy programs, and libraries and individuals and nakedly
and wantonly encourages the act of reading. Because, they tell us,
everything changes when we read.<br />
And it's that change,
and that act of reading that I'm here to talk about tonight. I want to
talk about what reading does. What it's good for.<br />
<br />
I was
once in New York, and I listened to a talk about the building of private
prisons – a huge growth industry in America. The prison industry needs
to plan its future growth – how many cells are they going to need? How
many prisoners are there going to be, 15 years from now? And they found
they could predict it very easily, using a pretty simple algorithm,
based on asking what percentage of 10 and 11-year-olds couldn't read.
And certainly couldn't read for pleasure.<br />
<br />
It's not one to one: you can't say that a literate society has no criminality. But there are very real correlations.<br />
<br />
And I think some of those correlations, the simplest, come from something very simple. Literate people read fiction.<br />
<br />
Fiction
has two uses. Firstly, it's a gateway drug to reading. The drive to
know what happens next, to want to turn the page, the need to keep
going, even if it's hard, because someone's in trouble and you have to
know how it's all going to end … that's a very real drive. And it forces
you to learn new words, to think new thoughts, to keep going. To
discover that reading per se is pleasurable. Once you learn that, you're
on the road to reading everything. And reading is key. There were
noises made briefly, a few years ago, about the idea that we were living
in a post-literate world, in which the ability to make sense out of
written words was somehow redundant, but those days are gone: words are
more important than they ever were: we navigate the world with words,
and as the world slips onto the web, we need to follow, to communicate
and to comprehend what we are reading. People who cannot understand each
other cannot exchange ideas, cannot communicate, and translation
programs only go so far.<br />
<br />
The simplest way to make sure
that we raise literate children is to teach them to read, and to show
them that reading is a pleasurable activity. And that means, at its
simplest, finding books that they enjoy, giving them access to those
books, and letting them read them.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Film/Pix/pictures/2012/7/2/1341223882512/Enid-Blytons-Famous-Five--002.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Enid Blyton's Famous Five book Five Get Into a Fix" border="0" src="http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Film/Pix/pictures/2012/7/2/1341223882512/Enid-Blytons-Famous-Five--002.jpg" data-pin-description="No such thing as a bad writer... Enid Blyton's Famous Five. Photograph: Greg Balfour Evans/Alamy" height="130" width="140" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="inline"><span class="caption" style="width: 140px;">Enid Blyton's Famous Five. Photograph: Greg Balfour Evans/Alamy
</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
I don't think there is
such a thing as a bad book for children. Every now and again it becomes
fashionable among some adults to point at a subset of children's books,
a genre, perhaps, or an author, and to declare them bad books, books
that children should be stopped from reading. I've seen it happen over
and over; Enid Blyton was declared a bad author, so was RL Stine, so
were dozens of others. Comics have been decried as fostering illiteracy.<br />
<br />
<span class="inline">
<span class="caption" style="width: 140px;">
No such thing as a bad writer... </span>
</span>
<br />
It's tosh. It's snobbery and it's foolishness. There are
no bad authors for children, that children like and want to read and
seek out, because every child is different. They can find the stories
they need to, and they bring themselves to stories. A hackneyed,
worn-out idea isn't hackneyed and worn out to them. This is the first
time the child has encountered it. Do not discourage children from
reading because you feel they are reading the wrong thing. Fiction you
do not like is a route to other books you may prefer. And not everyone
has the same taste as you.<br />
<br />
Well-meaning adults can easily
destroy a child's love of reading: stop them reading what they enjoy,
or give them worthy-but-dull books that you like, the 21st-century
equivalents of Victorian "improving" literature. You'll wind up with a
generation convinced that reading is uncool and worse, unpleasant.<br />
<br />
We
need our children to get onto the reading ladder: anything that they
enjoy reading will move them up, rung by rung, into literacy. (Also, do
not do what this author did when his 11-year-old daughter was into RL
Stine, which is to go and get a copy of Stephen King's Carrie, saying if
you liked those you'll love this! Holly read nothing but safe stories
of settlers on prairies for the rest of her teenage years, and still
glares at me when Stephen King's name is mentioned.)<br />
<br />
And
the second thing fiction does is to build empathy. When you watch TV or
see a film, you are looking at things happening to other people. Prose
fiction is something you build up from 26 letters and a handful of
punctuation marks, and you, and you alone, using your imagination,
create a world and people it and look out through other eyes. You get to
feel things, visit places and worlds you would never otherwise know.
You learn that everyone else out there is a me, as well. You're being
someone else, and when you return to your own world, you're going to be
slightly changed.<br />
Empathy is a tool for building people into groups, for allowing us to function as more than self-obsessed individuals.<br />
<br />
You're also finding out something as you read vitally important for making your way in the world. And it's this:<br />
<br />
The world doesn't have to be like this. Things can be different.<br />
<br />
I was in China in 2007, at the first party-approved science fiction and <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/books/fantasy" title="More from the Guardian on Fantasy">fantasy</a>
convention in Chinese history. And at one point I took a top official
aside and asked him Why? SF had been disapproved of for a long time.
What had changed?<br />
<br />
It's simple, he told me. The Chinese
were brilliant at making things if other people brought them the plans.
But they did not innovate and they did not invent. They did not imagine.
So they sent a delegation to the US, to Apple, to Microsoft, to Google,
and they asked the people there who were inventing the future about
themselves. And they found that all of them had read science fiction
when they were boys or girls.<br />
<br />
Fiction can show you a
different world. It can take you somewhere you've never been. Once
you've visited other worlds, like those who ate fairy fruit, you can
never be entirely content with the world that you grew up in. Discontent
is a good thing: discontented people can modify and improve their
worlds, leave them better, leave them different.<br />
<br />
And
while we're on the subject, I'd like to say a few words about escapism. I
hear the term bandied about as if it's a bad thing. As if "escapist"
fiction is a cheap opiate used by the muddled and the foolish and the
deluded, and the only fiction that is worthy, for adults or for
children, is mimetic fiction, mirroring the worst of the world the
reader finds herself in.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2012/9/20/1348135542541/Tolkiens-illustration-of--002.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Tolkien's illustration of Bilbo Baggins's home" border="0" src="http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2012/9/20/1348135542541/Tolkiens-illustration-of--002.jpg" data-pin-description="Tolkien's illustration of Bilbo's home, Bag End. Photograph: HarperCollins" height="130" width="140" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="inline"><span class="caption" style="width: 140px;">Tolkien's illustration of Bilbo's home, Bag End. Photograph: HarperCollins
</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
If you were trapped in an
impossible situation, in an unpleasant place, with people who meant you
ill, and someone offered you a temporary escape, why wouldn't you take
it? And escapist fiction is just that: fiction that opens a door, shows
the sunlight outside, gives you a place to go where you are in control,
are with people you want to be with(and books are real places, make no
mistake about that); and more importantly, during your escape, books
can also give you knowledge about the world and your predicament, give
you weapons, give you armour: real things you can take back into your
prison. Skills and knowledge and tools you can use to escape for real.<br />
<br />
As JRR Tolkien reminded us, the only people who inveigh against escape are jailers.<br />
<br />
<span class="inline">
<span class="caption" style="width: 140px;">
</span>
</span>
Another way to destroy a child's love of reading, of course,
is to make sure there are no books of any kind around. And to give them
nowhere to read those books. I was lucky. I had an excellent local
library growing up. I had the kind of parents who could be persuaded to
drop me off in the library on their way to work in summer holidays, and
the kind of librarians who did not mind a small, unaccompanied boy
heading back into the children's library every morning and working his
way through the card catalogue, looking for books with ghosts or magic
or rockets in them, looking for vampires or detectives or witches or
wonders. And when I had finished reading the children's' library I began
on the adult books.<br />
<br />
They were good librarians. They
liked books and they liked the books being read. They taught me how to
order books from other libraries on inter-library loans. They had no
snobbery about anything I read. They just seemed to like that there was
this wide-eyed little boy who loved to read, and would talk to me about
the books I was reading, they would find me other books in a series,
they would help. They treated me as another reader – nothing less or
more – which meant they treated me with respect. I was not used to being
treated with respect as an eight-year-old.<br />
<br />
But libraries
are about freedom. Freedom to read, freedom of ideas, freedom of
communication. They are about education (which is not a process that
finishes the day we leave school or university), about entertainment,
about making safe spaces, and about access to information.<br />
<br />
I
worry that here in the 21st century people misunderstand what libraries
are and the purpose of them. If you perceive a library as a shelf of
books, it may seem antiquated or outdated in a world in which most, but
not all, books in print exist digitally. But that is to miss the point
fundamentally.<br />
<br />
I think it has to do with nature of
information. Information has value, and the right information has
enormous value. For all of human history, we have lived in a time of
information scarcity, and having the needed information was always
important, and always worth something: when to plant crops, where to
find things, maps and histories and stories – they were always good for a
meal and company. Information was a valuable thing, and those who had
it or could obtain it could charge for that service.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2012/9/28/1348848437515/A-boy-reading-in-his-scho-004.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="A boy reading in his school library" border="0" src="http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2012/9/28/1348848437515/A-boy-reading-in-his-scho-004.jpg" data-pin-description="Photograph: Alamy" height="130" width="140" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="inline"><span class="caption" style="width: 140px;">Photograph: Alamy
</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
In
the last few years, we've moved from an information-scarce economy to
one driven by an information glut. According to Eric Schmidt of Google,
every two days now the human race creates as much information as we did
from the dawn of civilisation until 2003. That's about five exobytes of
data a day, for those of you keeping score. The challenge becomes, not
finding that scarce plant growing in the desert, but finding a specific
plant growing in a jungle. We are going to need help navigating that
information to find the thing we actually need.<br />
<br />
<span class="inline">
<span class="caption" style="width: 140px;">
</span>
</span>
Libraries are places that people go to for information.
Books are only the tip of the information iceberg: they are there, and
libraries can provide you freely and legally with books. More children
are borrowing books from libraries than ever before – books of all
kinds: paper and digital and audio. But libraries are also, for example,
places that people, who may not have computers, who may not have <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/internet" title="More from the Guardian on Internet">internet</a>
connections, can go online without paying anything: hugely important
when the way you find out about jobs, apply for jobs or apply for
benefits is increasingly migrating exclusively online. Librarians can
help these people navigate that world.<br />
<br />
I do not believe
that all books will or should migrate onto screens: as Douglas Adams
once pointed out to me, more than 20 years before the Kindle turned up, a
physical book is like a shark. Sharks are old: there were sharks in the
ocean before the dinosaurs. And the reason there are still sharks
around is that sharks are better at being sharks than anything else is.
Physical books are tough, hard to destroy, bath-resistant,
solar-operated, feel good in your hand: they are good at being books,
and there will always be a place for them. They belong in libraries,
just as libraries have already become places you can go to get access to
<a href="http://www.theguardian.com/books/ebooks" title="More from the Guardian on Ebooks">ebooks</a>, and audiobooks and DVDs and web content.<br />
<br />
A
library is a place that is a repository of information and gives every
citizen equal access to it. That includes health information. And mental
health information. It's a community space. It's a place of safety, a
haven from the world. It's a place with librarians in it. What the
libraries of the future will be like is something we should be imagining
now.<br />
<br />
Literacy is more important than ever it was, in
this world of text and email, a world of written information. We need to
read and write, we need global citizens who can read comfortably,
comprehend what they are reading, understand nuance, and make themselves
understood.<br />
Libraries really are the gates to the
future. So it is unfortunate that, round the world, we observe local
authorities seizing the opportunity to close libraries as an easy way to
save money, without realising that they are stealing from the future to
pay for today. They are closing the gates that should be open.<br />
According
to a recent study by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and
Development, England is the "only country where the oldest age group has
higher proficiency in both literacy and numeracy than the youngest
group, after other factors, such as gender, socio-economic backgrounds
and type of occupations are taken into account".<br />
<br />
Or to
put it another way, our children and our grandchildren are less literate
and less numerate than we are. They are less able to navigate the
world, to understand it to solve problems. They can be more easily lied
to and misled, will be less able to change the world in which they find
themselves, be less employable. All of these things. And as a country,
England will fall behind other developed nations because it will lack a
skilled workforce.<br />
<br />
Books are the way that we communicate
with the dead. The way that we learn lessons from those who are no
longer with us, that humanity has built on itself, progressed, made
knowledge incremental rather than something that has to be relearned,
over and over. There are tales that are older than most countries, tales
that have long outlasted the cultures and the buildings in which they
were first told.<br />
I think we have responsibilities to the
future. Responsibilities and obligations to children, to the adults
those children will become, to the world they will find themselves
inhabiting. All of us – as readers, as writers, as citizens – have
obligations. I thought I'd try and spell out some of these obligations
here.<br />
<br />
I believe we have an obligation to read for
pleasure, in private and in public places. If we read for pleasure, if
others see us reading, then we learn, we exercise our imaginations. We
show others that reading is a good thing.<br />
<br />
We have an
obligation to support libraries. To use libraries, to encourage others
to use libraries, to protest the closure of libraries. If you do not
value libraries then you do not value information or culture or wisdom.
You are silencing the voices of the past and you are damaging the
future.<br />
We have an obligation to read aloud to our
children. To read them things they enjoy. To read to them stories we are
already tired of. To do the voices, to make it interesting, and not to
stop reading to them just because they learn to read to themselves. Use
reading-aloud time as bonding time, as time when no phones are being
checked, when the distractions of the world are put aside.<br />
<br />
We
have an obligation to use the language. To push ourselves: to find out
what words mean and how to deploy them, to communicate clearly, to say
what we mean. We must not to attempt to freeze language, or to pretend
it is a dead thing that must be revered, but we should use it as a
living thing, that flows, that borrows words, that allows meanings and
pronunciations to change with time.<br />
We writers – and
especially writers for children, but all writers – have an obligation
to our readers: it's the obligation to write true things, especially
important when we are creating tales of people who do not exist in
places that never were – to understand that truth is not in what happens
but what it tells us about who we are. Fiction is the lie that tells
the truth, after all. We have an obligation not to bore our readers, but
to make them need to turn the pages. One of the best cures for a
reluctant reader, after all, is a tale they cannot stop themselves from
reading. And while we must tell our readers true things and give them
weapons and give them armour and pass on whatever wisdom we have gleaned
from our short stay on this green world, we have an obligation not to
preach, not to lecture, not to force predigested morals and messages
down our readers' throats like adult birds feeding their babies
pre-masticated maggots; and we have an obligation never, ever, under any
circumstances, to write anything for children that we would not want to
read ourselves.<br />
<br />
We have an obligation to understand and
to acknowledge that as writers for children we are doing important work,
because if we mess it up and write dull books that turn children away
from reading and from books, we 've lessened our own future and
diminished theirs.<br />
<br />
We all – adults and children, writers
and readers – have an obligation to daydream. We have an obligation to
imagine. It is easy to pretend that nobody can change anything, that we
are in a world in which society is huge and the individual is less than
nothing: an atom in a wall, a grain of rice in a rice field. But the
truth is, individuals change their world over and over, individuals make
the future, and they do it by imagining that things can be different.<br />
<br />
Look
around you: I mean it. Pause, for a moment and look around the room
that you are in. I'm going to point out something so obvious that it
tends to be forgotten. It's this: that everything you can see, including
the walls, was, at some point, imagined. Someone decided it was easier
to sit on a chair than on the ground and imagined the chair. Someone had
to imagine a way that I could talk to you in London right now without
us all getting rained on.This room and the things in it, and all the
other things in this building, this city, exist because, over and over
and over, people imagined things.<br />
We have an obligation
to make things beautiful. Not to leave the world uglier than we found
it, not to empty the oceans, not to leave our problems for the next
generation. We have an obligation to clean up after ourselves, and not
leave our children with a world we've shortsightedly messed up,
shortchanged, and crippled.<br />
<br />
We have an obligation to tell
our politicians what we want, to vote against politicians of whatever
party who do not understand the value of reading in creating worthwhile
citizens, who do not want to act to preserve and protect knowledge and
encourage literacy. This is not a matter of party politics. This is a
matter of common humanity.<br />
<br />
Albert Einstein was asked once
how we could make our children intelligent. His reply was both simple
and wise. "If you want your children to be intelligent," he said, "read
them fairy tales. If you want them to be more intelligent, read them
more fairy tales." He understood the value of reading, and of imagining.
I hope we can give our children a world in which they will read, and be
read to, and imagine, and understand.<br />
<br />
• This is an edited version of <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/books/neilgaiman" title="More from the Guardian on Neil Gaiman">Neil Gaiman</a>'s lecture for <a href="http://readingagency.org.uk/" title="">the Reading Agency</a>,
delivered on Monday October 14 at the Barbican in London. The Reading
Agency's annual lecture series was initiated in 2012 as a platform for
leading writers and thinkers to share original, challenging ideas about
reading and libraries.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
Thanks as always for your visit.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
I hope you'll leave a note in the comments before moving on. </div>
</div>
MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-52523362257633344402015-03-08T06:32:00.000-07:002015-03-08T06:32:21.912-07:00How To Make The IDEAL Chocolate Chip Cookie: Add A Pinch of Science<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRdb-AqmTYCvp9IQU50OBqvwyzOVpZx_rOgVD32LcNI7QV16zm9" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Image result for chocolate chip cookies" border="0" class="rg_i" data-src="https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRdb-AqmTYCvp9IQU50OBqvwyzOVpZx_rOgVD32LcNI7QV16zm9" data-sz="f" name="2vEdRephXblxbM:" src="https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRdb-AqmTYCvp9IQU50OBqvwyzOVpZx_rOgVD32LcNI7QV16zm9" style="height: 158px; margin-top: 0px; width: 320px;" /></a></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">While baking relies on recipes, those recipes are all based on science - mostly chemistry. Whether you're a teacher hoping to inspire future chemists/scientists, or just in search of <i>THE</i> <i>IDEAL</i> Chocolate Chip Cookie recipe, hopefully this post has it all.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date"><u>First, the Science</u>:</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">Put the cookie dough in the oven and the heat triggers a series of chemical reactions, transforming dough into cookies. </span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSMou4WQyxdqsTlNlfc_WgI0iybMuZJbLBTvKJIXWib41YWoEupUA" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a></span></span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">When the dough reaches 92 degrees </span></span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">Fahrenheit, the butter inside melts...causing the dough to spread out. This occurs because butter is an <b>emulsion<i> </i></b>made of two substances that don't want to stay together. Butter is made water and fat along with dairy solids that help hold them together. </span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">As the butter melts, the water is released and as it continues to get hotter the released water expands into steam.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">Beating the butter and sugar adds air to the cookie dough. It also dissolves the sugar into the butter adding more air which will help leaven the cookie.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">NOTE: Baking soda spreads the cookie, baking powder puffs it up. </span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">This expanding water pushes against the dough from the inside, making the dough rise.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">When the dough reaches 136 degrees </span></span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">Fahrenheit, salmonella bacteria often found in raw eggs, die off.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">At 144 degrees </span></span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">Fahrenheit, changes begin in the cookie's proteins (found mostly from the dough's eggs). Exposed to heat, protein strings unfold and give substance to the dough and making it rise.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">At 212 degrees </span></span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">Fahrenheit, the cookie stiffens, cracks are created and steam from the boiling water is released, creating airy pockets that make the cookie light and fluffy</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">There is also a leavening agent - baking soda - sodium bicarbonate. The baking soda reacts with acids in the dough to create carbon dioxide gas which also makes airy pockets in the cookie.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">At 310 degrees </span></span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">Fahrenheit, <b>maillard reactions</b> occur. During maillard reactions, proteins and sugars break down and rearrange themselves forming ring-like structures that reflect light. This gives the cookies (or thanksgiving turkey or bread and muffins) their rich brown color. But, even more important this reaction results in a range of flavor and aroma compounds that continue to interact with each other... and drive those waiting around for their cookies to near mayhem in anticipation.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">Finally, at 356 degrees </span></span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">Fahrenheit, the final reaction in the cookie is <b>carmalization</b>. Carmelization occurs when the sugar molecules break down causing the sweet nutty flavor we've all come to love in our cookies. </span></span></span></li>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><img alt="Turns out cookie customization is easier than it seems." class="img" src="http://media.npr.org/assets/img/2014/09/04/cookies_ozy_2_custom-687740489dc9b62c07aca43103fa09a227e311c6-s4-c85.jpg" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Turns out cookie customization is easier than it seems." /></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">From: <span class="credit"><a href="http://www.handletheheat.com/ultimate-chocolate-chip-cookies" target="_blank">Tessa Arias/Handle the Heat
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Customizing <i>your </i><b>ultimate</b> chocolate chip cookie is all about science - mostly chemistry.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>THE BOTTOM LINE</b><b>:</b></span></span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Ooey-gooey:</b> Add 2 cups more flour.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Pale, chewey cookies: </b>Set oven at 310 degrees Fahrenheit</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Chewy:</b> Substitute bread flour for all-purpose flour. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>A nice tan:</b> Set the oven higher than 350 degrees Fahrenheit (maybe 360-390). </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Crispy with a soft center:</b> Use 1/4 teaspoon baking powder and 1/4 teaspoon baking soda.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Thick (and less crispy): </b>Freeze the batter for 30 to 60 minutes before baking. This solidifies the butter, which will spread less while baking. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Cakey:</b> Use more baking soda because, according to Nyberg, it "releases carbon dioxide when heated, which makes cookies puff up." </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Butterscotch flavored:</b> Use 3/4 cup packed light brown sugar (instead of the same amount of combined granulated sugar and light brown sugar).</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Uniformity:</b> If looks count, add one ounce corn syrup and one ounce granulated sugar. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>More flavor:</b> Chilling the dough for at least 24 hours before baking deepens all the flavors, Arias found.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>TIP #1</b>: <b>Butter</b> provides more flavor than shortening or butter substitutes (in a large part due to the amount of water in butter).</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>TIP #2:</b> Creamed butter will make cookies <b>lighter, cakier and firmer</b> while melted butter will make the <b>denser and chewier</b>. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>TIP #3:</b> Extra egg whites will make cookies rise more; extra yolks make cookies more tender and fudge-like.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>TIP #4: </b>White sugar yields thin, <b>crisp</b> cookies while brown butter yields tall and <b>moist</b> coolies. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>TIP #5:</b> Baking soda yields <b>craggy, coarse</b> cookies while baking powder yields <b>cakey, smooth</b> cookies</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>TIP #6:</b> Less kneading yields craggier cookies with better texture.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>TIP #7: </b>Hand-chopped chocolate yields more intense flavor and better texture.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>TIP #8: </b>There are two special ingredients that influence the texture and look of the cookie (according to Thomas Joseph at Martha Stewart: Butter and Sugar.</span></span></li>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">For <b>chewy</b> cookies - use two sticks of butter. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">For <b>thinner and crisp</b> cookies use two and a half sticks. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">For a <b>cakey</b> cookie use one and 3/4 sticks.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">For <b>soft and chewey</b> cookies use one cup of brown sugar and a half a cup of granulated sugar. It's the brown sugar that adds the <b>cheweyness</b>, because it has molasses in it.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">For <b>thin and crisp cookies</b>, you want a higher ratio of granulated sugar: 1 1/4C granulated sugar to 3/4C brown sugar.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">For a <b>cakey cookie </b>you need to reduce the overall sugar in general, Thomas Joseph uses 3/4C granulated sugar and 1/4C brown sugar.</span></span></li>
</ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> <b>TIP# 9: </b>ALWAYS use non-salted butter - you want to adjust the amount of salt on your own.</span></span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSMou4WQyxdqsTlNlfc_WgI0iybMuZJbLBTvKJIXWib41YWoEupUA" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Image result for chocolate chip cookies" border="0" class="rg_i" data-src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSMou4WQyxdqsTlNlfc_WgI0iybMuZJbLBTvKJIXWib41YWoEupUA" data-sz="f" height="112" name="patQiAQRkH9gTM:" src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSMou4WQyxdqsTlNlfc_WgI0iybMuZJbLBTvKJIXWib41YWoEupUA" style="height: 168px; margin-top: 0px; width: 300px;" width="200" /></a></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">This post took much of its material from the following posts. Please visit them for further details:</span></span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The Chemistry of Cookies</i> (TEDEd) by Stephanie Warren found at:<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6wpNhyreDE&noredirect=1">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6wpNhyreDE&noredirect=1</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cookie-Baking Chemistry: How to Engineer Your Perfect Sweet Treat </i>(posted 12/3/2013 by Michaeleen Coucleff from NPR found at:<a href="http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/12/03/248347009/cookie-baking-chemistry-how-to-engineer-your-perfect-sweet-treat">http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/12/03/248347009/cookie-baking-chemistry-how-to-engineer-your-perfect-sweet-treat</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i> </i><i>The Food Lab: The Science of the Best Chocolate Chip Cookies</i> (posted by J. Kenji Lopez-Alt for NPR at:<a href="http://sweets.seriouseats.com/2013/12/the-food-lab-the-best-chocolate-chip-cookies.html?ref=search">http://sweets.seriouseats.com/2013/12/the-food-lab-the-best-chocolate-chip-cookies.html?ref=search</a>.<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">[Note this site offers advice on kneading times and chocolate prep techniques.]</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date"> <i>The Ultimate Chocolate Chip Cookie </i></span></span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date">(with recipe and instructional video by Tessa of "Handle the Heat") found at:<a href="http://www.handletheheat.com/ultimate-chocolate-chip-cookies/"> http://www.handletheheat.com/ultimate-chocolate-chip-cookies</a> </span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date"> <i>The Science Behind Baking Your Ideal Chocolate Chip Cookie </i>(posted 9/4/2014 by Anne Miller from NPR) found at: <a href="http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/09/04/345530660/the-science-behind-baking-your-ideal-chocolate-chip-cookie?utm_campaign=storyshare&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_medium=social">http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/09/04/345530660/the-science-behind-baking-your-ideal-chocolate-chip-cookie?utm_campaign=storyshare&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_medium=social</a></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span class="date"><i>The Science Behind the Perfect Chocolate Chip Cookie</i> (a Martha Steward video with Thomas Joseph) found at: <a href="http://www.marthastewart.com/1080540/science-behind-perfect-chocolate-chip-cookies#1080540">http://www.marthastewart.com/1080540/science-behind-perfect-chocolate-chip-cookies#1080540</a> </span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><img alt="https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/95/d1/39/95d139878eeae30968d0120733fc6ce5.jpg" src="https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/95/d1/39/95d139878eeae30968d0120733fc6ce5.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></span></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Calvin and Hobbes by Bill Watterson</span></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Thank you, as always for your visit.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">What's your favorite type of chocolate chip cookie? What are some of your favorite baking tips? Please leave them in the comments below and feel free to experiment. </span></span></div>
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MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com14tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-29368125674215213292015-03-02T11:40:00.002-08:002015-03-02T11:40:24.957-08:00Honors: Caldecott + Printz = This One Summer<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/thisonesummer.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="This One Summer" class="alignright wp-image-20840" height="200" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/thisonesummer.jpg" width="141" /></a>This past February, <em>This One Summer </em>(First Second, 2014) by <a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/exclusive-cbldf-talks-to-caldecott-and-printz-honor-winners-jillian-tamaki-and-mariko-tamaki/">Jillian Tamaki and Mariko Tamaki</a> <a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/graphic-novels-recognized-at-ala-youth-media-awards/">rocked the publishing, library, and literary world</a> by being the first graphic novel to receive the Caldecott Honor for “Most Distinguished American Picture Book for Children” <strong>and</strong>
the Printz Honor for “Excellence in Literature for Young Adults.” It
has also been the subject of book challenges since receiving these
honors. In this post, we examine <em>This One Summer</em>’s merits,
issues of concern, and teaching elements to empower educators, parents,
and librarians to make their own decisions (for <a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/thisonesummer.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a>ages 12+).<br />
<br />
<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/thisonesummer.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><br />Here's a bit about the book:<br />
<br />
<strong>OVERVIEW</strong><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page15.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page1" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-21039" height="212" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page15-300x212.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This One Summer by Mariko and Jillian Tamaki</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Told in warm prose and exquisite monochromatic blue images, <em>This One Summer</em>
delicately balances the nostalgic power of summer traditions with the
often harsh and intruding lessons of life. It embraces readers of all
ages as two tween girls, local townie teens, and one set of parents all
tangle in the delicate balances of friendships and relationships,
grapple with the pains of growing up, deal with the torments of
depression and of wanted and unwanted pregnancies, and cope with the
heartbreaks and hopes of life. <em>This One Summer</em> has received outstanding praise and unprecedented honors for its stunning art and thoughtful, sensitive content.<br />
<br />
In <em>This One Summer</em>,
the art is as powerful as the prose and they work brilliantly together,
delicately weaving the troubles and traumas of Rose’s summer at Awago
Beach. The beach’s bright summer days are mixed with endless wet heavy
rain, both helping to sustain the luscious trees, vines, bushes, grass,
milkweed, and verdant undergrowth of the surrounding woods. Then, there
are illuminating summer night skies full of stars and striking
moonlight. The details of the beach, the lake, the woods, and even
Brewster’s convenience store are breathtaking and contrasted by the
less-detailed characters. The story and art are richly relayed and
juxtaposed, giving extraordinary depth and presence to the story and its
true-to-life characters.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page71.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page7" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21032" height="213" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page71-300x213.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This One Summer by Mariko and Jillian Tamaki</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
For example, Rose and Windy are often seen swimming, diving,
splashing in the water, and readers wonder if they are literally and
figuratively out of their depth. Alice, Rose’s mom, and Dunc, the store
clerk Rose develops a crush on, are both drawn with strong angles
reflecting their short straight hair (that they run their fingers
through in exhausted exasperation) and lanky, wiry physiques. They also
both wrestle with unwanted aspects of pregnancies. While Dunc refuses to
acknowledge Jenny and his role/responsibility for her pregnancy, Alice
wrestles with facing her infertility and miscarriage.<br />
<br />
Themes embraced and delicately tackled in <em>This One Summer</em> include:<br />
<ul>
<li>The tugs of friendship as Rose and Windy (a year and a half younger than Rose), face adolescence at different paces and stages;</li>
<li>The pains and torments of depression felt by individuals and their families;</li>
<li>The importance and frailties of communication;</li>
<li>The challenges of dealing with unwanted pregnancies and failing at wanted ones;</li>
<li>The stresses and responsibilities of teen sexuality and group pressure.</li>
</ul>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page2.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page2" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-21035" height="300" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page2-211x300.jpg" width="211" /></a></td></tr>
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<br />
In <em>This One Summer, </em>Mariko Tamaki’s prose and Jillian
Tamaki’s lush art invite us to watch and learn about real life issues in
a sensitive and hopeful manner. We meet tweens fantasizing about what
their developing breasts will look like. We learn how one family deals
with the mother’s growing depression. We watch along with Rose and Windy
as we observe, overhear, and deal with older teens. We see how long,
comfortable summer friendship is stressed and strained by a
one-and-a-half-year age gap between the girls as they enter adolescence.
And finally, we observe (along with Rose and Windy) how older teens and
adults deal with their own relationships and sexuality.<br />
<br />
Jillian Tamaki’s monochromatic blue images and the wide range of
textures and details in the artwork add incredible depth, passion, and
complexity to Mariko Tamaki’s prose. <em>This One Summer</em> is truly a
feast for mind and eyes. The beauty, power, and serenity of the beach,
the expansive night skies, the milkweed plants and pollen, and the woods
of Awago Beach balance the secrets, sorrows, and unfolding drama of the
characters. What makes this book so outstanding is the sensitive manner
in which important real life issues and challenges are faced honestly
and imperfectly by the very real characters of Awago Beach. The
out-of-depth feelings the characters experience are beautifully offset
by the power of the water and the beach. As their secrets unfold, all
but the tweens are reluctant to talk about them. As a result, this book
can be a powerful resource and jumping point for healthy, open,
non-threatening discussion about powerfully challenging life issues.<br />
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<br />
<br />
<strong>Elements of Concern</strong><br />
<em>This One Summer</em> earned a Caldecott Honor, which covers
children’s book for readers up to age 14, putting the book at the high
end of the age spectrum for the honor. First Second recommends this book
for ages 12 and up because it contains mature content. Despite having
rightfully received this honor, there may be some confusion by consumers
unfamiliar with this book and who believe the Caldecott honor is given
exclusively to books for younger readers. To clarify, please note that
there is some profanity, especially dealing with the older teen
characters (the girls are labeled “sluts”). There is also a teen
pregnancy and the burgeoning questions of sex and sexuality that the
tweens experience in parallel subplots.<br />
<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page5.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page5" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21034" height="139" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page5-300x139.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
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That
said, these issues are sensitively and realistically developed through a
warmly complex and penetrating story that delicately deals with
questions young teens have. Furthermore, the characters are true to
life, flaws and all. While mature content may cause some concern, this
book is wonderfully appropriate for mature tweens and young teens as
they explore adolescence, sexuality, and the increasingly complex
relationships they find themselves facing.<br />
<br />
<br />
For classroom lessons or book club lesson suggestions, please see my post "<a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-this-one-summer/">Using Graphic Novels in Education: </a><i><a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-this-one-summer/">This One Summer</a>" </i>- a featured column I write for The Comic Book Legal Defense Fund<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
*** </div>
<br />
In the meantime, below is an excerpt from an <b>interview</b> I did with Mariko Tamaki and Jillian Tamaki right after hearing they received the Caldecott and Printz Honors. [For the full interview, please visit my post "<a href="http://cbldf.org/2015/02/exclusive-cbldf-talks-to-caldecott-and-printz-honor-winners-jillian-tamaki-and-mariko-tamaki/">CBLDF Talks with Caldecott and Printz Honor Winners Jillian Tamaki and Mariko Tamak</a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null">i</a>"<br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
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<em>This</em><i> One Summer</i> has taken the children’s books and
graphic novel communities by storm, being the first graphic novel to win
the Caldecott Honor for “Most Distinguished American Picture Book for
Children” and Printz Honor for “Excellence in Literature for Young
Adults.” It is a coming-of-age story that embraces readers of all ages
as two tween girls, some local townie teens, and one set of parents all
look at growing up, pregnancy, and babies from very different
perspectives. What makes this book so special is how it sensitively and
somewhat magically deals with these very difficult and mature issues
through the growing awareness of two girls one summer. CBLDF is thrilled
for the recognition graphic novels are beginning to get outside the
comic book communities (hoping this will be just the beginning), we are
thrilled for the recognition this gem of a book has received for its
breathtaking prose and art, and we are thrilled to have had the
opportunity to talk with Jillian Tamaki and Mariko Tamaki just after
receiving these honors.</blockquote>
<br />
<b>CBLDF: First, we’d like to thank you for taking the time to talk
with us. We know you’ve been getting tons of interview requests and
appreciate the time and consideration you’ve given us.</b><br />
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<b>Jillian and Mariko, what were your first thoughts/reactions when you heard you won the Caldecott Honor AND the Printz Honor?</b><br />
<br />
<b><i>Jillian Tamaki:</i></b> What more is there to say except for
it’s really, really cool? I never expected to win the Caldecott, given
it is not a picture book.<br />
<b><i>Mariko Tamaki:</i></b> It was an honor to be honored.<br />
<br />
<b>CBLDF: What were your later thoughts about winning these prestigious honors?</b><br />
<b><i>Mariko Tamaki:</i></b> Wow, I must be prestigious now. Better get back to work.<br />
<b><i>Jillian Tamaki:</i></b> It’s only been a few days!<br />
<br />
<b>CBLDF: Mariko, you’ve written both graphic novels and prose. What
made you decide this story was a graphic novel? (Jillian, feel free to
jump in here too).</b><br />
<b><i>Mariko Tamaki:</i></b> I think in this case the setting felt
really ripe for a comic. Also so much of this was about atmosphere.
Not just the visual details but the little noises in the silence that
Jillian captured so well.<br />
<br />
<b>CBLDF: You’re cousins, and some swear it’s best to keep work and
family separate. How does your familial relationship affect the ways in
which you work together?</b><br />
<b><i> Jillian Tamaki:</i></b> Ehh, that’s usually good advice, probably. Oh well. I think we share a similar Tamaki humour. Very dry.<br />
<b><i>Mariko Tamaki:</i></b> I think it makes it all the more important to make sure we don’t wear the same thing when we appear in public.<br />
<br /> <strong></strong><b>CBLDF: I loved </b><b><i>This One Summer</i></b><b> for so many
reasons. What struck me while reading this was how many subtle layers
there were in the prose, art and story lines and yet how exquisitely
seamlessly it unfolds. It’s a thoughtful, sensitive journey exploring
love, relationships, life and growing up, but feels as light and warming
as the magical milkweed pods that float up and around the beach on
pages 32-33. The dialogue, the characters, and situations in this book
ring so true and personal. Were they taken from your own lives, were you
channeling you or your friends at Rose and Windy’s age, or is this
story purely fictional?</b>
<br />
<b><i>Jillian Tamaki:</i></b> I don’t think anything is purely
fictional or purely autobiographical. You’re constantly weaving in
elements of your life and personal philosophy in ways that are conscious
and subconscious.<br />
<b><i>Mariko Tamaki:</i></b> Exactly.<br />
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<br />
<b>CBLDF: There are so many stories going on here between tweens Rose
and Windy, the mystery around Rose’s parents’ marital issues, and even
around the local teen scene. In short, this coming of age story for
tweens has mature topics and some mature language, especially with Dunc
the Corner Store Guy and his friends. Was there an editing process
around the book, story and its rating?</b><br />
<b><i>Jillian Tamaki:</i></b> Sure. There was some discussion about
the sex terms. But, to be honest, that’s not something Mariko and I
consider too much. We’ve been lucky in that we’ve been able to make the
books we want to make and reflect what we believe to be a true
experience.<br />
<b><i>Mariko Tamaki:</i></b> I think half the fun of this is
remembering the ways we talked about stuff when we were little. Which
were probably FAR TAMER than the way kids talk about things today.<br />
<br />
<b>CBLDF: As a follow-up, have you received any challenges for this book from tween or younger reader communities?</b><br />
<b><i>Mariko Tamaki:</i></b> I believe the book was removed from one
shelf in New Jersey, but the decision, thanks to an amazing librarian’s
fighting the good fight, was reversed. Beyond that I tell people that
the book addresses the existence of sex, when they ask if there’s
anything inappropriate in it. I follow that up by saying that I,
myself, do not think that is inappropriate.<br />
<br />
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<b>CBLDF: As mentioned earlier, you won the Randolph Caldecott Honor
for most distinguished American picture book for children AND the
Michael L. Printz Honor for excellence in literature for young adults.
Two awards for one book covering two different age groups. What does
this tell you about your book, your story and the graphic novel format?</b><br />
<b><i>Jillian Tamaki:</i></b> I feel like a lot of those distinctions
are marketing decisions. I try to make books that appeal to myself and
maybe a few ideal readers. I love that people of different ages can take
various things away from the story, though.<br />
<br />
<b>CBLDF: Thank you so much for your time and awesome responses. We
are thrilled for you and we’re thrilled for the industry. We’ll
definitely be looking out for your next projects.</b><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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<br />
For extended reading here are some <strong>Paired Reading Suggestions:</strong><br />
<ul>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/10/using-graphic-novels-in-education-i-kill-giants/"><em>I Kill Giants</em></a>
by Joe Kelly and JM Ken Niimura: About an 11-year-old girl who
struggles to face and understand an untimely loss, first through
escapism and then gradually through acceptance.</li>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/07/using-graphic-novels-in-education-chiggers/"><em>Chiggers</em></a> by Hope Larson: About growing up, friendships, funs and foils of summer camp.</li>
<li><em>Are You There God? It’s Me, Margaret</em> by Judy Blume: About the trials and tribulations of growing up, particularly for adolescent girls.</li>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2013/07/using-graphic-novels-in-education-american-born-chinese/"><em>Chinese Born American</em></a> by Gene Luen Yang: Another Caldecott Honor winner about a teenager’s need to fit in.</li>
<li><em>Before You Go</em> by James Preller: About Jude, who takes a
summer job flipping burgers at Jones Beach while dealing with his mother
who is kept in a darkened room ever since his little sister drowned
several years before.</li>
<li><a href="http://cbldf.org/2014/05/using-graphic-novels-in-education-the-color-of-earth-trilogy/"><em>The Color of Earth Trilogy</em></a> by Kim Dong Hwa: Like <em>This One Summer, </em>the <em>Color of Earth Trilogy</em>
is a beautifully balanced blend of prose, poetry, and art that
tactfully and sensitively deals with a girl’s growth from adolescence to
adulthood.</li>
</ul>
<br /><strong></strong><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page121.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="page12" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21027" height="126" src="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page121-300x126.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
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<a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page131.jpg"></a>For further discussion, here are some additional <strong>Links and Resources:</strong>
<br />
<ul>
<li>Preview <em>This One Summer</em> here: <a href="http://us.macmillan.com/thisonesummer/jilliantamaki">http://us.macmillan.com/thisonesummer/jilliantamaki</a></li>
<li>stayteen.org: Information for teens on <a href="http://stayteen.org/teen-pregnancy">teen pregnancy</a>, <a href="http://stayteen.org/birth-control-101">birth control</a>, b<a href="http://stayteen.org/relationships">uilding relationships</a>, the low down on <a href="http://stayteen.org/stis">sexually transmitted infections</a>, myths and more.</li>
<li>Teen pregnancy prevention tips and resources: <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/">http://www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/</a></li>
<li>For information about teen depression:
<ul>
<li>A site meant and written for teens on depression, discussing why
people get depressed, how to cope with and fight depression and more: <a href="http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/depression.html">http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/depression.html</a></li>
<li>On what teen depression feels like, how to talk to friends and parents, and more: <a href="http://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/teenagers-guide-to-depression.htm">http://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/teenagers-guide-to-depression.htm</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>For information about parental depression, please visit
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.childtrends.org/?indicators=parental-depression">http://www.childtrends.org/?indicators=parental-depression</a></li>
<li>From the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada, a site that
discusses “When a parent is depressed…. What kids want to know”: <a href="http://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/health_information/for_children_youth/Pages/when_parent_depressed.aspx">http://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/health_information/for_children_youth/Pages/when_parent_depressed.aspx</a></li>
<li>Six Things Every Kid should Know About a Parent’s Depression from PBS: <a href="http://www.pbs.org/thisemotionallife/blogs/6-things-every-kid-should-know-about-parents-depression">http://www.pbs.org/thisemotionallife/blogs/6-things-every-kid-should-know-about-parents-depression</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<em></em><br />
<em></em><br />
<em></em><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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<em><br /><a href="http://cbldf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/page141.jpg"></a></em>
<em></em>MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-24766123294598979762015-01-27T04:57:00.001-08:002015-01-27T05:01:17.742-08:00Courage is Exhilarating<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<a href="https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRAZ4g7WtYmf3yY2XB8d2_vsrbd2jYp--kpjE5wPHfUXJCDhXWPeA" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" class="rg_i" data-src="https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRAZ4g7WtYmf3yY2XB8d2_vsrbd2jYp--kpjE5wPHfUXJCDhXWPeA" data-sz="f" name="C5jxPndSAwiP_M:" src="https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRAZ4g7WtYmf3yY2XB8d2_vsrbd2jYp--kpjE5wPHfUXJCDhXWPeA" style="height: 168px; margin-top: 0px; width: 293px;" /></a>Personally, I've started out 2015 with an awful stomach flu, a burst steam pipe --- and home-related damage.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
My aunt says I need to start the year all over again. But I say, I just need courage and a great sense of humor. I'm working on both.<br />
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a data-ved="0CAcQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fthemanifeststation.net%2F2012%2F02%2F13%2Fcourage-the-dmc%2F&ei=RYnHVImqCpP7sASasIKoDw&bvm=bv.84349003,d.cWc&psig=AFQjCNGDWpq7FmPoG-ydMB_rtsnGW9cOMA&ust=1422449339749450" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img src="http://manifestationyoga.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/119-courage-do-on-ebrave-thing-today-then-run-like-hell.jpg" height="393" id="irc_mi" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="491" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Found at: google.com/courage</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="irc_mimg">
</div>
<br />
<br />
According to <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/courage">http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/courage</a> <br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<i>COURAGE (n.) - </i><br />
<div class="def-content">
<span class="oneClick-link">the</span> <span class="oneClick-link">quality</span> <span class="oneClick-link">of</span> <span class="oneClick-link">mind</span> <span class="oneClick-link">or</span> <span class="oneClick-link">spirit</span> <span class="oneClick-link">that</span> <span class="oneClick-link">enables</span> <span class="oneClick-link">a</span> <span class="oneClick-link">person</span> <span class="oneClick-link">to</span> <span class="oneClick-link oneClick-available">face</span> <span class="oneClick-link">difficulty,</span> <span class="oneClick-link">danger,</span> <span class="oneClick-link">pain,</span> <span class="oneClick-link">etc.,</span> <span class="oneClick-link oneClick-available">without</span> <span class="oneClick-link">fear;</span> <span class="oneClick-link oneClick-available">bravery.</span> </div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span class="oneClick-link oneClick-available">Word</span> <span class="oneClick-link">Origin</span>
<br />
<div class="tail-content">
<div class="tail-elements">
<span class="oneClick-link">C13:</span> <span class="oneClick-link">from</span> <span class="oneClick-link">Old</span> <span class="oneClick-link">French</span> <span class="dbox-italic"><span class="oneClick-link">corage,</span> </span><span class="oneClick-link">from</span> <span class="dbox-italic"><span class="oneClick-link">cuer</span> </span><span class="oneClick-link">heart,</span> <span class="oneClick-link">from</span> <span class="oneClick-link oneClick-available">Latin</span> <span class="dbox-italic"><span class="oneClick-link oneClick-available">cor</span> </span> </div>
</div>
</blockquote>
In the meantime, I found some powerful quotes from a variety of sources as well as some awesome graphic-quotes from Zen Pencil about courage. I am parking them here. For me, and for you.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
I hope you enjoy. </div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
And when you're done, please share how and where you find courage in the comments below.</div>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
“Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts.”
―
<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/14033.Winston_S_Churchill">Winston S. Churchill</a></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
“I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea
that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It's when you know you're
licked before you begin, but you begin anyway and see it through no
matter what.<br />
- Atticus Finch”
―
<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1825.Harper_Lee">Harper Lee</a>,
<i>
<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/3275794">To Kill a Mockingbird</a>
</i></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
“I learned that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph
over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who
conquers that fear.”―
<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/367338.Nelson_Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> </blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
“Courage is found in unlikely places.”
<br />
―
<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/656983.J_R_R_Tolkien">J.R.R. Tolkien</a> </blockquote>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cdn.zenpencils.com/wp-content/uploads/168_roosevelt.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://cdn.zenpencils.com/wp-content/uploads/168_roosevelt.jpg" title="" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From <a href="http://zenpencils.com/comic/roosevelt/">http://zenpencils.com/comic/roosevelt/</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
This quote was used in the final episode of the Roosevelt Documentary and was taken from Eleanor’s book <i>You Learn By Living</i>, which she wrote near the end of her life. There’s a great article about the book on <a href="http://www.brainpickings.org/2012/11/16/eleanor-roosevelt-on-happiness-conformity-and-integrity/">Brain Pickings.</a><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Here is another zenpencil rendering on courage. It is a powerful rendering of Frank Herbert's <i>Litany Against Fear</i> and I warn you, it's quite powerful.The <i>Litany against fear</i> is the mantra of a group of powerful women in the <i>Dune</i> books called the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bene_Gesserit">Bene Gesserit</a>, who have achieved superhuman powers from mental and physical training. Zenpencil notes that while not familiar with the Dune series when this was created (February 27, 2012), he created an even more meaningful interpretation. What do you think?<br />
<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="http://cdn.zenpencils.com/wp-content/uploads/2012-02-27-FRANK-HERBERT-litany-against-fear.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From: <a href="http://zenpencils.com/comic/17-frank-herbert-litany-against-fear/">http://zenpencils.com/comic/17-frank-herbert-litany-against-fear/</a></td></tr>
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As always, thanks for your visit.</div>
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Please let us know how and where you find courage in the comments below.</div>
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MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com11tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-8237620768674912742015-01-01T18:47:00.000-08:002015-01-01T18:47:00.972-08:00Zeitgeist: Year 2014<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a data-ved="0CAcQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpaysimple.com%2Ftrends-of-2014.html&ei=CIydVPnuHoadyQSSgoKYAw&bvm=bv.82001339,d.eXY&psig=AFQjCNHBC0VHWaSqitwLU1jtY9exIfkTJg&ust=1419697536910051" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px none; clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img src="http://paysimple.com/assets/templates/landing-pages/trends/images/2014.png" height="143" id="irc_mi" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> http://paysimple.com/trends-of-2014.html</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
As we begin 2015 and end
yet another round of <a href="http://abcwednesday-mrsnesbitt.blogspot.com/">ABCWednesday</a>, I offer you a look back at <span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Zeitgeist: Year 2014</b></i></span>.
Please share your favorites and your insights in the comments below.<br />
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According to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeitgeist">Wikipedia</a>: <br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"The <i><b>Zeitgeist</b></i> (<b>spirit of the age</b> or <b>spirit of the time</b>)
is the intellectual fashion or dominant school of thought which
typifies and influences the culture of a particular period in time."</blockquote>
So here's to 2014 with the hopes that 2015 will be a better year. A year of hope, of peace, of health and prosperity, of greater friendships and greater sharing.<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.google.com/trends/2014/"><b>Google's Zeitgeist MOST SEARCHED in 2014</b></a>:<br />
<br />
In 2014 we searched trillions of times. We searched about our hopes and our fears, about science, space and technology. We searched our favorite shows and movies, about sports, the Olympics and the World Cup and searched to come to grips with tragedies. And, we searched to be inspired by dance, music and by the joy of giving. Here's a sweet 90 second glimpse at our searches:<br />
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<object class="BLOGGER-youtube-video" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0" data-thumbnail-src="https://ytimg.googleusercontent.com/vi/DVwHCGAr_OE/0.jpg" height="266" width="320"><param name="movie" value="https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/DVwHCGAr_OE&source=uds" /><param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><embed width="320" height="266" src="https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/DVwHCGAr_OE&source=uds" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></div>
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<br />
Here are the ranks for the greatest trending topics as searched in Google within the U.S.:<br />
<ol>
<li>Robbin Williams</li>
<li>World Cup</li>
<li>Ebola (For more see:<a href="https://www.google.com/trends/2014/story/ebola.html">https://www.google.com/trends/2014/story/ebola.html</a>)</li>
<li>Malasia Airlines Tragedy</li>
<li>Flappy Bird</li>
<li>ALS Ice Bucket Challenge</li>
<li>ISIS (For more see: <a href="https://www.google.com/trends/2014/story/conflict.html">https://www.google.com/trends/2014/story/conflict.html</a>)</li>
<li>Ferguson</li>
<li>Frozen</li>
<li>Ukraine</li>
</ol>
Here are the greatest trending "How To" Google searches in 2014:<br />
<ol>
<li>How to Airdrop</li>
<li>How to Contour</li>
<li>How to Vote</li>
<li>How to Kiss</li>
<li>How to Craft</li>
<li>How to Colorblock</li>
<li>How to Wakeboard</li>
<li>How to Refurbish</li>
<li>How to Delegate</li>
<li>How to DIY </li>
</ol>
Here are the "Most Searched" on Google Maps in 2014:<br />
<ol>
<li>Walmart</li>
<li>Starbucks</li>
<li>Target</li>
<li>McDonald's </li>
<li>Home Depot</li>
<li>Bank of America</li>
<li>Walgreens</li>
<li>CVS</li>
<li>Wells Fargo</li>
<li>Costco</li>
</ol>
<br />
With <b>The Most Searched </b>behind us, now we take a look at <b><u>BEST IMAGES OF 2014</u></b>:<br />
<br />
TIME has posted their "<b>TIME Picks the Top 10 Photos of 2014</b>" Sadly, they were all depressing (albeit breath taking). Here are a few. Please visit <a href="http://time.com/3572139/time-top-10-photos-2014/">http://time.com/3572139/time-top-10-photos-2014/</a> for the complete selection.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="<b>Whitney Curtis. Ferguson, Mo. Aug. 11, 2014:</b> "I was not surprised by the reaction following the fatal shooting of unarmed 18-year-old Michael Brown by Ferguson, Mo., police officer Darren Wilson," says photographer Whitney Curtis. "The racial tension in the St. Louis area was something I noticed when moving to the city. It was an issue bubbling just under the surface.
<br><br>
"Aug. 11 was my second day covering protests in the suburb. That night I was working at the site of Brown’s makeshift memorial when I heard the sound of tear gas canisters being fired in the distance. As gas started to fill the air, I rushed several blocks to the main road where 23-year-old Rashaad Davis stood with a small group on the sidewalk with their hands in the air.
<br><br>"I turned and walked away from the group to photograph the police presence, which had increased dramatically from the night before. Some officers were in tactical gear holding their weapons, and several armored personnel carriers were parked behind them. Suddenly I felt my knee buckle under me and it took me a moment to realize the police had shot me with a rubber bullet or beanbag round. I quickly ran to a parking lot to take cover behind cars and at that moment I saw a group of officers round the corner and approach Davis as he slowly backed away with his arms in the air. They tackled him to the ground and he was arrested that night."" data-fullscreen="[{ "width": 800, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-051.jpg?w=838" }, { "width": 1440, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-051.jpg?w=1620" }, { "width": 1920, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-051.jpg?w=2160" }]" data-loaded="true" src="http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-051.jpg?w=838" height="426" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ferguson, Mo. 8/11/2014 taken by Whitney Curtis for The New York Times</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="<b>Ross McDonnell. Kiev, Ukraine. Jan. 25, 2014:</b> "The banging of sticks on metal is the only noise I can remember from that Saturday on Hrushevskoho Street," says photographer and filmmaker Ross McDonnell. "It provided a dull, metronomic backing-track to my afternoon as I photographed in and around a barricade of charred vehicles in central Kiev. It was only then, in the daylight, that the results of the previous nights rioting, a scene of seething anger and towering, explosive flames, were visible. Temperatures had dipped below -20ºC and the winter light, diffused by heavy smoke and the spray of fire hoses created an alien but ethereal scene that will linger long in the memory.<br><br>"The rioting continued. Young, brave protesters ventured beyond the line of torched buses to launch molotov cocktails, their wooden shields and pastel ponchos making them seem so vulnerable against the backdrop of metallic shields and the armed riot police that stood behind them. Other protesters, with blackened faces and tired eyes, continued working, ferrying tires to the barricades and shoring up their defenses. Keeping busy meant keeping warm.<br><br>"This is an image I'm sure 'we all' have; those that were there that day, capturing the moment. I took a couple of images from this position and then found this frame within a frame that the bus window provided, the icicles and the distant police...and Kiev."" data-fullscreen="[{ "width": 800, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-081.jpg?w=838" }, { "width": 1440, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-081.jpg?w=1620" }, { "width": 1920, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-081.jpg?w=2160" }]" data-loaded="true" src="http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-081.jpg?w=838" height="426" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Aftermath of riots - Hrushevskoho Street, Kiev, Ukraine 1/25/2014 taken by Ross McDonnell</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="<b>Tomas van Houtryve. Lake Oroville, California. Nov. 25, 2014:</b> ”I took this photo with my camera attached to an aerial drone as part of my ‘Blue Sky Days’ personal art project,” says VII photographer Tomas van Houtryve. “During the past year I've traveled from coast to coast building a portrait of our country as seen from the sky. In addition to the unique point-of-view offered by this new technology, my project allows me to push back against what I consider to be a troubling trend: cameras are increasingly weaponized – used for surveillance, targeting and killing – rather than their traditional role as tools for portraiture, fine art and journalism. The rapid rise of drone technology means our sky will soon be buzzing with many more cameras.
<br><br>
“Do we want these robotic machines only to be scanning our faces and license plates for suspicious patterns, or we do want them documenting beauty, historic moments, and a hint of poetry as so many human photographers have since the invention of the camera?
<br><br>
“In this photograph, house boats are seen on Lake Oroville which is 70% empty due to California's severe drought. Much of the food eaten across the U.S. comes from California, and agriculture has been severely impacted by the scant snowpack and low rainfall of the past three years.”" data-fullscreen="[{ "width": 800, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/20141125usa0051881.jpg?w=838" }, { "width": 1440, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/20141125usa0051881.jpg?w=1630" }, { "width": 1920, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/20141125usa0051881.jpg?w=2174" }]" data-loaded="true" src="http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/20141125usa0051881.jpg?w=838" height="423" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Houseboats in California’s Central Valley where the shoreline
shows the effects of a months-long drought. This is a drone’s-eye perspective taken by Thomas van Houtryve</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="<b>Jerome Sessini. Torez, Ukraine. July 17, 2014:</b> “We were in Donetsk when we got word that a military plane had come down,” says Magnum photographer Jerome Sessini. “As we made our way there, we heard it was, in fact, a passenger plane. When we arrived, I could see the burning wreckage along the small roads. And the scene [revealed] itself to me: There were bodies strewn everywhere, and bits of plane scattered – it was a horrific scene.
<br><br>
“There were separatists guarding the place. I saw one woman in part of the wreckage and she looked like she was just asleep. Her body was intact. At one point, near some fields, I noticed this purple color on the edge of my sight and we walked in and found this body. He was still strapped into his seat and the scene looked totally unreal. It was pretty scary, actually. I only took a few frames. I didn’t want to go any closer. What you see here is as close as I got.
<br><br>
“One security guard asked me to hand over my memory card. I had to – and I think this photo was on it. But when he was leaving, I stood in the middle of the road and blocked the car as they left. He gave the card back to me, and even apologized for taking it.
<br><br>
I was there with two other photographers and on the way back in the car we didn’t talk. It was such a hard scene to process. It was hard to take it in. Nothing can prepare you for a scene like that. It is one of the most violent I have seen.”" data-fullscreen="[{ "width": 800, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-021.jpg?w=745" }, { "width": 1440, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-021.jpg?w=1440" }, { "width": 1920, "src": "http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-021.jpg?w=1920" }]" data-loaded="true" src="http://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/best-photos-of-2014-021.jpg?w=745" height="480" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo by Jerome Sessini, Torez, Ukraine, 7/17/2014 - a scene of a man still strapped in his seat from Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 "allegedly" shot down in eastern Ukraine by Russia-backed separatists.</td></tr>
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<br />
<u><b>CNN </b></u>had a somewhat happier collection of "best" images from 2014. Please check out their complete album at <a href="http://www.cnn.com/2014/12/05/world/gallery/2014-year-in-pictures/">http://www.cnn.com/2014/12/05/world/gallery/2014-year-in-pictures/</a>. My favorites:<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a data-ved="0CAcQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fdeep-freeze-midwest-prepares-50-article-1.1567597&ei=6bucVP7aNYz7sATI3IGIBA&bvm=bv.82001339,d.cWc&psig=AFQjCNERJrQTqGmHrg9J4qWadVqXqTtlzQ&ust=1419644241930535" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img src="http://assets.nydailynews.com/polopoly_fs/1.1568325%21/img/httpImage/image.jpg_gen/derivatives/article_970/461306321so00022-sub-zero-t.jpg" height="393" id="irc_mi" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="590" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo by Scott Olson/Getty of ice building up along Lake Michigan at North Avenue Beach as temperatures dipped to record lows in Chicago, IL.</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a data-ved="0CAcQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.corbis.com%2Fportfolio%2Faurora-borealis%2Faurora-borealis-over-mt-hoffell-hoffellsjokul-glacier-iceland%2F&ei=Gb6cVKGuLefasAS13IHABw&bvm=bv.82001339,d.cWc&psig=AFQjCNGlhQPNAlsfm_-sGq-KUqoOoWQCyQ&ust=1419644822173838" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img src="http://blog.corbis.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/42-58691505.jpg" height="381" id="irc_mi" style="margin-top: 6px;" width="590" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Aurora Borealis over Mt. Hoffell, Hoffellsjokul Glacier, Iceland (3/9/2014) - image by Arctic-Images/<a href="http://blog.corbis.com/portfolio/aurora-borealis/aurora-borealis-over-mt-hoffell-hoffellsjokul-glacier-iceland/">Corbis</a><br />
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Image by © Arctic-Images/Corbis</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A Palestinian man and a member of Israel's security forces take
pictures of each other after a demonstration in the West Bank village of
Nabi Saleh (3/14/2014) Photo by Abbas Momani/AFP-Getty Images </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Boys in a slum on the outskirts of Brasilia, Brazil, watch a World Cup soccer match between Brazil and Mexico. Photo by Reuters</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dozens of commuters (8/6/2014) in Perth, Australia, work to rescue a man who got
his leg trapped between a train and the platform. The passenger was able
to wriggle free with their help (cnn.com)</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Young activist Malala Yousafsai attends an awa Pakistani activist for female education and Nobel Peace Prize laureate
Malala Yousafzai sits before receiving the 2014 World’s Children Prize
for the Rights of the Child during an award ceremony at Gripsholm Castle
in Mariefred, western Stockholm on October 29, 2014. Jonathan
Nackstrand/AFP</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> A couple kiss during a perigee moon, also known as a "supermoon," as it
rises in the sky in Sydney. The phenomenon occurs when the moon becomes
full on the same day as its perigee -- the point in the moon's orbit
when it is closest to Earth. (9/9/2014 found at cnn.com)</td></tr>
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Not to be outclassed, <u><b>The New York Times</b></u> has a collection of 100 "Best" photos from 2014. I could not copy or find these images to paste here, but you can check them all out at: <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/12/28/sunday-review/2014-year-in-pictures.html?_r=0">http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/12/28/sunday-review/2014-year-in-pictures.html?_r=0</a><br />
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<br />
<b>The Atlantic<i> </i></b>has their "2014 year in photos" in three installments:<br />
<ul>
<li><b><a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2014/12/2014-the-year-in-photos-january-april/100868/">2014: The Year in Photos, January - April</a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2014/12/2014-the-year-in-photos-may-august/100869/">2014: The year in Photos, May - August</a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2014/12/2014-the-year-in-photos-september-december/100870/">2014: The year in Photos, September - December</a></b></li>
</ul>
Here are a few of my favorites:<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img class="ifImg" src="http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/infocus/yip120814/s_y09_19740625.jpg" height="426" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Thousands of Bluebells bloom, carpeting a forest near Halle, South of Brussels, Belgium 4/1/2014. Photo by Yves Logghe/AP</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img class="ifImg" src="http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/infocus/yip120814/s_y27_01846038.jpg" height="421" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Michael Phelps warming up prior to a 50-meter freestyle preliminary at the Arena Grand Prix swim event, Mesa, Arizona 4/25/2014 Photo by Matt York/AP</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img class="ifImg" src="http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/infocus/yip121014/s_y11_55242206.jpg" height="426" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">"Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red" by artist Paul Cummins, under construction in the Tower of London Moat 9/10/2014. Each of the 88,246 ceramic poppies represents an allied victim of WWI (on its 100th anniversary). Photo by Peter Macdiarmid/Getty Images.</td></tr>
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Now, onto the <b><u>BEST INFOGRAPHICS of 2014</u>.</b><br />
The first contender for "Best" is <b>Travel Hacks </b>by Best Hospitality Degrees. I thought it packed some really cool information and was easy to read. What do you think?<br />
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<b><img alt="infographic-travel-hacks" class="alignCenter shadow" src="http://cdn2.hubspot.net/hub/53/file-1087479342-png/infographic-travel-hacks.png?t=1419605997130" style="width: 650px;" title="infographic-travel-hacks" width="650" /></b></div>
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My next choice for "Best" is <b>Your Brain on Beer vs. Coffee</b> by I Love Coffee. Not only is this an age-old question, I loved the colors, the playfulness and the details given. What do you think?<br />
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<b><img alt="infographic-beer-coffee" class="alignCenter shadow" src="http://cdn2.hubspot.net/hub/53/file-1089487048-png/infographic-beer-coffee.png?t=1419605997130" style="width: 650px;" width="650" /></b></div>
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The final contender for "Best" is an interactive infographic "<b>The Existential Calculator"</b> designed by artist Kelli Anderson who was asked by Adobe to "make something interesting." She did - a paper infographic that answers that age-old question: "Should I take that job?" Under the image is a vimeo link showing how it works. [And please check out her blog link here, to learn more about all the decision factors involved: <a href="http://kellianderson.com/blog/2013/10/the-existential-calculator/">http://kellianderson.com/blog/2013/10/the-existential-calculator/</a> ] [Note: if you look closely on the blog this was designed in 2013, but <i>I</i> discovered it in 2014 - and just couldn't resist posting it.]<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a data-ved="0CAcQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fvimeo.com%2F76765078&ei=voGdVP2PCouKyATzpYGgAw&bvm=bv.82001339,d.eXY&psig=AFQjCNGhq7Kws5Tz094r8huht8VaWyKHDw&ust=1419694759094230" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img src="http://i.vimeocdn.com/video/451708411_640.jpg" height="393" id="irc_mi" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="589" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://vimeo.com/76765078">Link for Kelli Anderson's Existential Calculator - http://vimeo.com/76765078</a></td></tr>
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<u><b>BEST YOUTUBE ZEITGEIST 2014</b></u><br />
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After exploring the above links from Google, here is my choice of "Best" <b> YouTube</b> Zeitgeist 2014 [Note: while not comprehensive, I found it captured much of the year's best and worst.]<br />
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Last year I also included the Best Graphic Novels of the year in my Zeitgeist. As this post is so long already, I'll be doing a separate post shortly on the best graphic novels of 2014 and the promise of what's going to be around in 2015. I hope you'll check in for that.<br />
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And if you're still with me, and want to see how 2014 compares to 2013, please check out:<br />
<ul>
</ul>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
A Zeitgiest 2014 versus Zeitgeist 2013 at <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1535525493775623042#editor/target=post;postID=3545338069166267041;onPublishedMenu=posts;onClosedMenu=posts;postNum=1;src=link">https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1535525493775623042#editor/target=post;postID=3545338069166267041;onPublishedMenu=posts;onClosedMenu=posts;postNum=1;src=link</a> </blockquote>
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As always, thank you for your visit and for your visits in 2014.</div>
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I hope you'll leave your favorite 2014 impressions in the comments below, and I look forward to your insights and kind remarks in your 2015 comments.</div>
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Finally, I wish you all a happy, healthy and successful 2015.</div>
MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1535525493775623042.post-68760248424464396952014-12-14T08:13:00.001-08:002014-12-16T14:52:28.511-08:00Wishing You A Happy Holiday...<a class="rg_l" href="http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fcyrilhuzeblog.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fhappyholidays1.jpg&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fcyrilhuzeblog.com%2F2012%2F12%2F20%2Fhappy-holidays-to-all-of-you-and-your-families%2F&h=441&w=540&tbnid=hTRfNpGTr_TlZM%3A&zoom=1&docid=m9TbYrxI-iwH0M&ei=oz6LVNKSO9GwsATf6IHQCQ&tbm=isch&ved=0CAwQMygEMAQ4ZA&iact=rc&uact=3&dur=1007&page=8&start=97&ndsp=14" style="clear: right; float: right; height: 178px; left: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; width: 217px;"><img class="rg_i" data-src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSfIJXX9Zd8qOztyw8yX9vosX4AgSUPAwtyS63bNfd--p7rxhA-4A" data-sz="f" height="163" name="hTRfNpGTr_TlZM:" src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSfIJXX9Zd8qOztyw8yX9vosX4AgSUPAwtyS63bNfd--p7rxhA-4A" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="200" /></a><br />
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With the holidays upon us, I wanted to wish you all a very happy holiday. May you celebrate it in warmth with those you love and may 2015 bring you and your families a year of good health, success and joy.<br />
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With holiday cheer abounding, I thought I'd share with you different images, songs and events being celebrated and sung this year around the world.<br />
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So <b>HAPPY HANUKKAH, KWANZAA AND CHRISTMAS</b> - I hope you enjoy my "Holiday Wishes: Mash-up" and hope you can take the time to celebrate a little of each. Please leave your own holiday favorites and wishes in the comments.<br />
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<b><u>Celebrating HANUKKAH</u>:</b><br />
As Hanukkah is the first of the holidays to occur this year (December 17-25, 2014) let's start with that.<br />
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A heads-up for any Hannukah grinches who aren't into songs, in this mash-up the first three videos are songs. The FOURTH is a very cool SCIENCE "miracle" from Israel's Technion. Enjoy:<br />
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First is a song-dance mash-up by Elliot Dvorin and the Key Tov Orchestra<br />
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Then there's Six13's Chanukah version of "Shake it Off:"<br />
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Here the Maccabeats tell us "All About That Neis (Miracle) - Hanukkah" a parody of "All About that Bass" originally performed by Meghan:<br />
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And from the Technion in Israel, a Hanukkah Message/Miracle:<br />
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<b><u>Celebrating KWANZAA</u>:</b><br />
<b> </b> <br />
Sharing images for Kwanza 2014 was a bit more challenging for me as it is a community celebration from December 26-January 1.<br />
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Along with these images, I thought I'd share different community calendar events for Kwanzaa 2014:<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="kwanzaa Candles" class="size-full wp-image-8067 aligncenter" src="http://mccchurch.org/files/2014/10/kwanzaa-Candles.jpg" height="285" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="425" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo Credit: Kwanzaa Guide</td></tr>
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<ul>
<li><a href="http://mccchurch.org/kwanzaa-2014/"> Metropolitan Community Churches</a> are focusing on proverbs old an new centered around the 7 Kwanzaa principles. Please visit <a href="http://mccchurch.org/kwanzaa-2014/">Metropolitan Community Churches</a> details, appropriate video clips and suggestions around:</li>
</ul>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<ul>
<li>Umoja=Unity,</li>
<li>Kujichagulia=Self Determination,</li>
<li>Ujima=Collect Work and Responsibility,</li>
<li>Ujamaa=Cooperative Economics,</li>
<li>Nia=Purpose,</li>
<li>Kuumba=Creativity and</li>
<li>Imani=Faith</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>The American Museum of Natural History will celebrate with the Tony Award winning tap virtuoso Savion Glover, Artistic Director of Yaffa Cultural Arts Linda Humes, Master drummer Sanga of the Valley, and the Eagle Academy of Young Men of Harlem - December 27, 2014. Click here for details: <a href="http://www.amnh.org/learn-teach/families/celebrate-culture/kwanzaa-2014-our-brightest-lights">http://www.amnh.org/learn-teach/families/celebrate-culture/kwanzaa-2014-our-brightest-lights</a></li>
<li>The DuSable Museum <span id="copyright">of African American History (740 East 56th Place
Chicago, Illinois) is hosting a seven day candle lighting celebration. Please check here for details: <a href="http://www.dusablemuseum.org/events/details/kwanzaa-candle-lighting-celebration">http://www.dusablemuseum.org/events/details/kwanzaa-candle-lighting-celebration</a> </span></li>
<li><span id="copyright">In Washington, D.C. Culture Capital.com is hosting a two-day celebration with Dance Place. For details please visit <a href="http://culturecapital.com/event/32860/kwanzaa-celebration-2014">http://culturecapital.com/event/32860/kwanzaa-celebration-2014</a> </span></li>
<li><span id="copyright">Akron, Ohio is also hosting its annual Kwanzaa celebration. </span>For a list of each day of Kwanzaa and the corresponding celebration,<a href="http://origin.library.constantcontact.com/download/get/file/1107467178980-525/Kwanzaa+Schedule+2014.pdf" target="_blank"><i><b> click here</b></i></a>.</li>
<li>There are many, many other venues and celebrations - you should check your local paper, community centers and news channel for detail. </li>
</ul>
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<br />
<u><b>Celebrating CHRISTMAS</b></u>:<br />
I thought I'd spread cheer with some awesome trees and decorations from around the world:<br />
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Our first stop is Paris. Here we see an 82-foot Christmas tree, hung upside down in a shopping mall (along, of course with a light show that I wasn't able to find or link :-( my apologies).<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Giant, upside-down Christmas tree in a Paris shopping" data-mycapture-src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/media/KGW/KGW/2014/12/08/635536383636270412-christmas-tree-paris.jpg" src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/983dc1eb57bf280e568e3191bfe491ce7b5dcc56/c=69-0-1130-798&r=x383&c=540x380/local/-/media/KGW/KGW/2014/12/08/635536383636270412-christmas-tree-paris.jpg" itemprop="url" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="540" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Giant, upside-down Christmas tree in a Paris shopping mall.<span class="credit">(Photo: Chen Xiaowei / Xinhua / Corbis)</span></td></tr>
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Our next stop is at the Freitas lagoon in Rio de Janeiro with its 279-foot floating Christmas tree (which also holds the Guinness World Record for highest floating tree). What's cool about this is that NOT only is it the tallest, it has some awesome lighting options:<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="The floating Christmas tree at Rodrigo de Freitas lagoon" data-mycapture-src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/media/KGW/KGW/2014/12/08/635536383648370412-christmas-tree-rio.jpg" src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/983dc1eb57bf280e568e3191bfe491ce7b5dcc56/c=69-0-1130-798&r=x383&c=540x380/local/-/media/KGW/KGW/2014/12/08/635536383648370412-christmas-tree-rio.jpg" itemprop="url" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="540" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The floating Christmas tree at Rodrigo de Freitas lagoon in Rio de Janeiro.<span class="credit">(Photo: YASUYOSHI CHIBA via Getty Images)</span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="A 85-meter-high floating Christmas tree illuminates" class="gallery-photo vertical" data-id="" data-large-src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/9257d373e4df72502ea1184294a1e9c7a5c1b9b7/c=0-102-2045-2829&r=1083&c=0-0-1080-1440/local/-/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934895430263-treexx120314xx002.jpg" data-mycapture-src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934895430263-treexx120314xx002.jpg" src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/b488ed05ea18a6e563ae4e0fbe8a87ea90e02d99/c=0-102-2045-2829&r=383&c=0-0-380-510/local/-/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934895430263-treexx120314xx002.jpg" itemprop="image" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="credit gallery-viewport-credit">Yasuyoshi Chiba, AFP/Getty Images</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="A 85-meter-high floating Christmas tree illuminates" class="gallery-photo vertical" data-id="" data-large-src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/ae0a6dab7deb44a7d533429394d3c584cca6dbd1/c=0-90-2045-2817&r=1083&c=0-0-1080-1440/local/-/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934894930263-treexx120314xx003.jpg" data-mycapture-src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934894930263-treexx120314xx003.jpg" src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/d4c45cf3d8baf1e01a9c0a6aa32b8d7038c6f01c/c=0-90-2045-2817&r=383&c=0-0-380-510/local/-/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934894930263-treexx120314xx003.jpg" itemprop="image" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="credit gallery-viewport-credit">Yasuyoshi Chiba, AFP/Getty Images</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="A 85-meter-high floating Christmas tree illuminates" class="gallery-photo vertical" data-id="" data-large-src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/a6a60121e594e41c13d62046fbe12e5982222d10/c=0-125-2045-2852&r=1083&c=0-0-1080-1440/local/-/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934884980263-treexx120314xx005.jpg" data-mycapture-src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934884980263-treexx120314xx005.jpg" src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/4ddc06170fad99928d124f0922f46f1c24ed12e6/c=0-125-2045-2852&r=383&c=0-0-380-510/local/-/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934884980263-treexx120314xx005.jpg" itemprop="image" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="credit gallery-viewport-credit">Yasuyoshi Chiba, AFP/Getty Images</span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="A 85-meter-high floating Christmas tree illuminates" class="gallery-photo vertical" data-id="" data-large-src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/cb896c1f16e8b20156ae6943c708f970ccbb147d/c=0-0-2045-2727&r=1083&c=0-0-1080-1440/local/-/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934897230263-treexx120314xx007.jpg" data-mycapture-src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934897230263-treexx120314xx007.jpg" src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/1f0f805673782f49c5a55d96ded3fe9581db6e28/c=0-0-2045-2727&r=383&c=0-0-380-510/local/-/media/USATODAY/USATODAY/2014/12/03/635531934897230263-treexx120314xx007.jpg" itemprop="image" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="credit gallery-viewport-credit">Yasuyoshi Chiba, AFP/Getty Images</span></td></tr>
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Amazing, isn't it.... <b>all the same tree</b>!<br />
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Next stop, Byblos (north of Beirut) Lebanon, where their 97-foot Christmas tree is covered with 2,500 gold-colored iron leaves.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="2" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-6903" src="http://glamroz.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/2.jpg" height="426" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wael Hamzeh/European Pressphoto Agency</td></tr>
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And the Pitt Mall in Sydney Australia is hosting a tree made entirely of Lego pieces.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="5" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-6905" src="http://glamroz.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/5.jpg" height="426" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo by Dean Lewins/Eupropean PressPhoto Agency</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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Our next stop on our magical holiday tour is in Singapore where the tree (which from this angle looks more like a cake to me - although I mean no disrespect) features Doraemon, a Japanese manga character.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="15" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-6908" src="http://glamroz.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/15.jpg" height="425" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i class="wsj-slideshow-credit" itemprop="creator">Edgar Su/Reuters</i></td></tr>
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Our next stop... Honduras where another record was set: the world's biggest HUMAN Christmas tree that was formed last week by almost 3000 people.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="The world's biggest human Christmas tree in Honduras." data-mycapture-src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/media/KGW/KGW/2014/12/08/635536383635570412-Christmas-tree-human.jpg" src="http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/ca25c6ae3ec6a92ccc0b1c2045d8c6a855aceb44/c=68-0-1132-800&r=x383&c=540x380/local/-/media/KGW/KGW/2014/12/08/635536383635570412-Christmas-tree-human.jpg" itemprop="url" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="540" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The world's biggest human Christmas tree in Honduras.<span class="credit">(Photo: Xinhua / Corbis)</span></td></tr>
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And, in Sydney Australia's Pitt Mall, here's a giant Leggos Christmas Tree<br />
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Finally, we end the tour in my neighborhood (or pretty close), New York City's Rockefeller Center Christmas tree. I's a 90-year old tree Norway Sprice donated by Dan and Rachel Sigafoos of Hemlock Township, PA and is decorated with 45,000 LED lights and crowned with a massive 9.5 foot Swarovski star. It will be on display through January 7, 2015.<br />
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Here's the tree in place before the lights, pomp and circumstance:<br />
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<a class="photo-link box-0" data-scribe="element:photo" href="http://twitter.com/joshualebowitz/status/539142577011060737/photo/1" target="_blank"><img alt="View image on Twitter" class="autosized-media" data-crop-x="0" data-crop-y="26" data-height="800" data-image-index="0" data-srcset="https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FB3trUTAIgAAV2J1.jpg%3Alarge 1024w,https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FB3trUTAIgAAV2J1.jpg 600w,https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FB3trUTAIgAAV2J1.jpg%3Asmall 340w" data-width="600" height="600" src="https://pbs.twimg.com/media/B3trUTAIgAAV2J1.jpg" title="View image on Twitter" width="449" /></a>
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Here's the scaffolding put in place to decorate it:<br />
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<div class="media">
<a class="photo-link box-0" data-scribe="element:photo" href="http://twitter.com/CarpentersNyc/status/537648259180003328/photo/1" target="_blank"><img alt="View image on Twitter" class="autosized-media" data-crop-x="0" data-crop-y="14" data-height="450" data-image-index="0" data-srcset="https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FB3YcPg9IgAExMu_.jpg%3Alarge 1024w,https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FB3YcPg9IgAExMu_.jpg 600w,https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FB3YcPg9IgAExMu_.jpg%3Asmall 340w" data-width="600" height="375" src="https://pbs.twimg.com/media/B3YcPg9IgAExMu_.jpg" title="View image on Twitter" width="500" /></a>
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And here we see it from behind the promonade of angels (facing Fifth Avenue):<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Here is how to watch the lighting of the 2014 Rockefeller Center Christmas tree." src="http://cdn2-b.examiner.com/sites/default/files/styles/image_content_width/hash/17/ee/17ee18fd59fa41d349af697d9dd0a39d.jpg?itok=Lmwvhv4F" height="350" rel="image_src" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Here is how to watch the lighting of the 2014 Rockefeller Center Christmas tree." width="520" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Getty Images</td></tr>
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And finally, here we see it at the gala lighting ceremony :<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="The Associated Press" class="img-responsive block-generous" src="http://www.usnews.com/dims4/USNEWS/a4b3037/2147483647/resize/652x%3E/quality/85/?url=%2Fcmsmedia%2Fc1%2F066f4d50248260a2ea929f88c9f926%2Fmedia%3Ac6cdaffa9cb64e9c98be4e036d1459aeRockefellerTreeLighting.JPEG" data-size="rectangle652" height="435" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="The Associated Press" width="652" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">AP Photo/Jason DeCrow</td></tr>
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And for more, please check out over-the-top holiday links: <br />
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.wsj.com/articles/christmas-trees-around-the-world-1418134763?mod=e2tw">http://www.wsj.com/articles/christmas-trees-around-the-world-1418134763?mod=e2tw</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.usnews.com/news/photos/2014/12/02/photos-christmas-around-the-world">www.usnews.com/news/photos/2014/12/02/photos-christmas-around-the-world</a> </li>
</ul>
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As always, thank you for your time and your visit.</div>
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Please leave your own holiday images, songs, links or favorites in the comments.</div>
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And...</div>
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Happy Holidays to you all!</div>
MERYL JAFFE, PhD - parent, psychologist, teacher, author...http://www.blogger.com/profile/10310099341897509058noreply@blogger.com8